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Kesesuaian Sistem Hukum Asli Dengan Reformasi Pidana: Studi Kasus Penerapan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 Tentang KUHP Kurdi, Kurdi; Mazjah, Ibnu
UNES Law Review Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v7i2.2355

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji keberadaan hukum adat sebagai representasi sistem hukum asli Indonesia serta kesesuaiannya dengan reformasi hukum pidana dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang KUHP. Hukum adat dipandang sebagai pilar yang mencerminkan nilai-nilai lokal dan tradisi yang diwariskan secara turun-temurun, sekaligus diakui secara konstitusional sebagai bagian penting dari kerangka hukum nasional. Penelitian ini juga membahas upaya modernisasi hukum pidana yang tetap mengakomodasi nilai-nilai hukum asli bangsa, termasuk prinsip-prinsip hukum adat, nilai agama, dan tradisi lokal, guna menciptakan keadilan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif melalui pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis relevansi hukum adat dalam konteks hukum nasional dan tantangan harmonisasi antara hukum adat dengan hukum pidana modern, serta memberikan rekomendasi untuk penguatan sistem hukum nasional yang inklusif dan responsif terhadap keberagaman budaya Indonesia.
The Effectiveness of Administrative Sanctions as an Alternative to Criminal Law Enforcement in the Environmental Sector Kurdi, Kurdi; Armansyah, Armansyah; Teuku Ahmad Dadek
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren Vol 7 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren
Publisher : PPPM, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum (STIH) Biak-Papua

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46924/jihk.v7i2.365

Abstract

The escalating intensity of environmental violations in Indonesia necessitates the strengthening of effective law enforcement mechanisms, particularly following the enactment of the Job Creation Law and Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021, which redefined administrative sanctions as the primum remedium. This study examines the evolution of administrative legal instruments within the environmental law enforcement system and assesses the effectiveness of administrative sanctions—including government coercion and administrative fines—in preventing and addressing environmental violations. The research employs a normative–empirical juridical approach through regulatory analysis, case studies, and interviews with regional environmental inspectors. The findings reveal that administrative sanctions are implemented more swiftly, align more closely with the principles of ecological restoration, and exert a stronger influence on the economic motivations of violators compared to criminal sanctions. Nevertheless, their effectiveness remains constrained by limited human resources, inadequate supervisory budgets, and weak regional political commitment. The study concludes that administrative instruments hold a strategic role as the primary mechanism for environmental law enforcement, yet require institutional strengthening and integrated policy support to operate optimally.
Judicial Overreach in Constitutional Court Decisions: Navigating the Boundary Between Constitutional Interpretation and Judicially Created Legislation Kurdi, Kurdi; Joko Cahyono; Teuku Ahmad Dadek
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren Vol 7 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren
Publisher : PPPM, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum (STIH) Biak-Papua

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46924/jihk.v7i2.366

Abstract

The imbalance between the Constitutional Court’s prescribed authority and its growing tendency to expand its judicial function has raised significant concerns regarding judicial overreach in Indonesia’s constitutional system. This study seeks to identify the defining characteristics of judicial overreach and to delineate the boundaries between legitimate constitutional interpretation and covert judicial lawmaking. It further evaluates the implications of this phenomenon for democratic legitimacy, public trust, and adherence to the separation-of-powers principle. Employing normative legal research methods, this study utilizes statutory, conceptual, and case-law analyses with a particular focus on Constitutional Court Decision No. 90/PUU-XXI/2023. The findings reveal a shift in the Constitutional Court’s role from a negative legislator to a positive legislator, evidenced by expanded interpretations unsupported by constitutional text and inconsistencies with established precedents. These developments have undermined public confidence and contributed to increasing constitutional uncertainty. The study concludes that stricter limitations on the Court’s interpretive discretion and enhanced judicial accountability are essential to preserving the integrity of constitutional review within Indonesia’s democratic framework.
Pergeseran Fungsi Jaksa Sebagai Dominus Litis Ke Arah Restorative Justice: Analisis Normatif Dan Empiris Kurdi, Kurdi; Mazjah, Ibnu; Dadek, Teuku Ahmad
ARBITER: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Hukum Vol 7, No 2 (2025): ARBITER: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Hukum November
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/arbiter.v7i2.6728

Abstract

The Indonesian criminal justice system is undergoing a fundamental transformation from a retributive approach to restorative justice. This study aims to analyze the implications of this paradigm shift on the dominus litis principle upheld by the Prosecutor's Office, and evaluate its implementation in ensuring legal certainty and justice for victims. The research method used is socio-legal, combining normative analysis of laws and regulations (Criminal Procedure Code, Prosecutor's Office Law, New Criminal Code, Perja 15/2020) with empirical analysis related to the reality of law enforcement. The results of the study indicate that restorative justice does not weaken the dominus litis principle, but rather functionalizes it into a more humane discretionary authority, changing the role of prosecutors from mere prosecutors to peace facilitators. However, empirically, weaknesses were found in the legal product of the Decree on Termination of Prosecution (SKPP), which is purely administrative in nature, making it vulnerable to pretrial and weak in the execution of compensation for victims. This study concludes that to ensure complete legal certainty without compromising victims' rights, the implementation of restorative justice must be synchronized with Article 132 of Law No. 1 of 2023 (New Criminal Code) and adopt a judicial scrutiny mechanism to ensure that peace agreements have binding enforcement power.
Kekuatan Eksekutorial Akta Perdamaian sebagai Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Perdata di Luar Pengadilan Kurdi, Kurdi; Cahyo, Raul Gindo; Dadek, Teuku Ahmad
JUNCTO: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Vol 7, No 2 (2025): JUNCTO : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum DESEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/juncto.v7i2.6727

Abstract

This study analyzes the executorial power and effectiveness of peace deeds (dading) as an alternative instrument for resolving civil disputes outside the courts. Litigation still faces classic problems such as case backlogs, high costs, and lengthy processes, thus contradicting the principles of speedy and efficient justice. Peace deeds offer a peaceful solution, but there is a legal gap regarding their enforceability. This normative legal research finds a fundamental dualism: peace deeds through court mediation (in-court) that are confirmed as decisions have direct executorial power equivalent to a final and binding decision. Conversely, out-of-court peace deeds, even if made in an authentic notarial deed, do not have direct executorial power and only function as evidence, so that disputes over breach of contract must still be sued. The use of grosse akta for reciprocal dading is also legally inappropriate. In practice, the effectiveness of dading shows a paradox: the high number of requests for execution of peace deeds indicates low voluntary compliance and the shift of disputes to the execution stage. The main obstacle to the effectiveness of out-of-court dading is the lack of an execution mechanism in Law No. 30 of 1999. This study recommends amendments to the law to provide a registration mechanism and granting of execution fiat for out-of-court settlement deeds..
The Relevance of The Principle of No Criminal Punishment Without Fault (Geen Straf Zonder Schuld) in Corporate Criminal Liability in Indonesia Kurdi, Kurdi; Ardhan, Adery; Dadek, Teuku Ahmad
JURNAL MERCATORIA Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL MERCATORIA DESEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/mercatoria.v18i2.16610

Abstract

The principle of Geen Straf Zonder Schuld faces a paradox when applied to corporations, which, as a legal fiction, have no mens rea. However, the profound impact of corporate crime demands an effective mechanism for criminal accountability. This normative juridical research examines the relevance of the principle of Guilt in Indonesian corporate criminal Law through legislative, conceptual, and case-based approaches. The first findings show that, before the New Criminal Code, the application of the principle of Guilt was pragmatic through the Theory of Identification, which attributed the corporation's mens rea to the management or directing mind. This approach is supported by PERMA No. 13 of 2016 and is evident in decisions such as PT GJW and PT CND. The second finding shows the evolution of the doctrine in two directions: (a) the exclusion of the principle of culld through strict Liability in various lex specialis, especially the Law on Environmental Protection and Management; and (b) the transformation of the meaning of debt through the Corporate Culture Model, which views blame as the failure of the system or organizational culture to prevent crime. The culmination is the codification of the Corporate Culture Model in the New Criminal Code (Law No. 1 of 2023), which marks a shift from treating mistakes as lending errors to treating them as authentic corporate mistakes.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Masyarakat di Pulau-Pulau Kecil dalam Perspektif Asas Kedaulatan Rakyat: Studi Kasus Pertambangan Nikel di Raja Ampat Papua Kurdi, Kurdi; Cahayo, Raul Gindo
DIVERSI : Jurnal Hukum Vol 11 No 2 (2025): Diversi Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS ISLAM KADIRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32503/diversi.v11i2.7505

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap masyarakat di pulau-‎pulau kecil dalam perspektif asas kedaulatan rakyat pada ‎studi kasus pertambangan nikel di Raja Ampat Papua. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perlindungan hukum terhadap masyarakat di pulau-pulau kecil dalam perspektif asas kedaulatan rakyat: Studi kasus pertambangan nikel di Raja Ampat Papua. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perlindungan hukum preventif dan represif bagi masyarakat yang tinggal di pulau kecil dari kegiatan pertambangan dengan tata kelola yang buruk. Perlindungan tersebut termasuk perwujudan asas kedaulatan rakyat dalam negara hukum. Adapun kegiatan pertambangan nikel di pulau-pulau kecil Raja Ampat tidak sesuai dengan asas kedaulatan rakyat sebagaimana terkandung dalam peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia. Kegiatan pertambangan tersebut melanggar UU PWP3K karena berdasarkan aspek ekologis mengakibatkan pencemaran lingkungan. Selain itu, mengancam pemenuhan asas kedaulatan rakyat permasalahan ini berpotensi melanggar hak atas lingkungan hidup yang baik dan sehat, tidak sesuai dengan kehendak rakyat, proses perizinannya kurang melibatkan masyarakat terdampak dan tidak menerapkan prinsip akuntabilitas. Saran penelitian ini adalah dalam pemberian izin terkait pertambangan, pemerintah seharusnya mengikutsertakan masyarakat, utamanya yang terdampak keputusan tersebut.
Prinsip Fair Trade Pada Perusahaan Multinasional dalam Perspektif Hukum Dagang Internasional Kurdi, Kurdi; Ramadhan, Muhammad Rizqi Alfarizi; Dadek, Teuku Ahmad
DIVERSI : Jurnal Hukum Vol 11 No 2 (2025): Diversi Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS ISLAM KADIRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32503/diversi.v11i2.9072

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang prinsip fair trade pada perusahaan multinasional dalam perspektif hukum dagang internasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan tanggung jawab hukum perusahaan multinasional dan ‎prinsip fair trade dalam sistem perdagangan internasional serta menganalisis peran hukum dagang Indonesia dalam melindungi kepentingan ‎nasional dari praktik dagang perusahaan multinasional. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa pengaturan tanggung jawab hukum MNC atas prinsip fair trade dalam sistem perdagangan internasional mengalami kekosongan hard law. Rezim WTO/GATT, sebagai instrumen hukum dagang internasional yang paling mengikat, tidak dirancang untuk mengatur perilaku korporasi dan justru berfokus pada liberalisasi pasar antar-negara. Prinsip fair trade yang bersifat diskriminatif-positif secara inheren bertentangan dengan prinsip non-diskriminasi WTO, yang terbukti dalam kasus Sengketa DS484 (Brazil vs. Indonesia). Kekosongan ini diisi oleh instrumen soft law (UNGPs dan OECD Guidelines) yang mengandalkan mekanisme due diligence rantai pasok. Namun, instrumen ini bersifat non-yudisial dan, ketika diadopsi menjadi hard law. Kemudian secara normatif, Indonesia sebenarnya telah memiliki perangkat hukum yang cukup komprehensif untuk mengatur dan mengikat kegiatan Perusahaan Multinasional agar tetap sejalan dengan kepentingan nasional serta prinsip perdagangan yang adil (fair trade). Namun, meskipun landasan hukum tersebut telah memadai mulai dari Undang-Undang Penanaman Modal hingga berbagai regulasi sektoral seperti perlindungan petani, perdagangan, persaingan usaha, dan kemitraan UMKM tantangan utama justru terletak pada efektivitas implementasinya.