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All Journal International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research Jurnal Review Pendidikan dan Pengajaran (JRPP) Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum JURNAL ILMIAH MAKSITEK Community Development Journal: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences LEGAL BRIEF Yayasan Cita Cendikiawan Al Khwarizmi Collegium Studiosum Journal JEMSI (Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, dan Akuntansi) al-fikrah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Jurnal Moralita : Jurnal Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Sapangambei Manoktok Hitei Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat SAPANGAMBEI MANOKTOK HITEI Cakrawala: Journal of Citizenship Teaching and Learning
Imman Yusuf Sitinjak
FKIP PPKn, University Of Simalungun, Indonesia
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CONSUMER LEGAL PROTECTION IN STANDARD AGREEMENTS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW OF CIVIL LAW RESEARCH IN INDONESIA Christian Daniel Hermes; Imman Yusuf Sitinjak
CAKRAWALA: Journal of Citizenship Teaching and Learning Vol 3 No 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Academic Solution Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70489/bhq25684

Abstract

Standard-form contracts are contractual instruments widely used in relationships between business actors and consumers because they provide efficiency and legal certainty. However, the practice of standard-form contracts often raises issues of legal protection due to the imbalance of bargaining power between the parties. This article aims to systematically analyze the development of studies on consumer legal protection in standard-form contracts based on civil law research in Indonesia. The method employed is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by examining national journal articles published during the period 2015–2024 and indexed in Google Scholar, Garuda, and SINTA databases. The literature selection process followed the PRISMA principles and was analyzed using a thematic approach. The findings indicate that research on consumer legal protection in standard-form contracts has increased, yet remains dominated by normative juridical approaches. The most frequently discussed themes include the imbalance of bargaining power, standard clauses that disadvantage consumers, and the limitation of the principle of freedom of contract. Meanwhile, empirical studies and discussions concerning standard-form contracts in digital transactions remain relatively limited. This study concludes that consumer legal protection in standard-form contracts constitutes a structural issue in civil law, requiring the strengthening of empirical approaches and the adaptation of legal frameworks to the dynamics of modern transactions.
Obligation to Pay Online Loans: Dissecting the Principles of Debt Legality in the Digital World Pransisto, Johamran; Sitinjak, Humala; Sitinjak, Imman Yusuf; Junaidi, Junaidi; Thio, Ricky; Rohani, Aceng Asnawi
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v23i2.4372

Abstract

Examining the duty to repay online loans within the framework of debt legality in the digital age, and how successful monitoring and enforcement of laws have been in enforcing online loan rules in Indonesia are the overarching goals of this study. Findings are based on logical viewpoints, critical analysis, and philosophy; the study takes a normative legal stance with analytical descriptive methodologies; it examines pertinent laws and regulations as well as applicable law enforcement activities. In particular, when it comes to dealing with unregistered fintech, the findings reveal a disconnect between current legislation and the efficacy of its oversight. Issues with implementation and enforcement of legislation continue to affect consumer protection and transaction fairness, despite efforts to promote transparency and consumer protection via regulations like Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 77/POJK.01/2016. For better management, this study suggests tightening the regulatory framework and boosting inter-institutional cooperation.
Settlement of Agricultural Land Mortgage Disputes with Agreements Under Hand in North Sumatra Province Sitinjak, Imman Yusuf; Perdana, Surya; Wajdi, Farid
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v23i3.5283

Abstract

This study aims to find out why it is necessary to resolve agricultural land mortgage disputes with agreements under hand in North Sumatra Province. The need for dispute resolution is a protection effort for the parties, namely in agricultural land mortgage disputes, when resolving problems and is also a solution to problems if they occur again like today in the future. The research method used is a qualitative research method, with a normative type of research. The research approach is a legislative approach, and a conceptual approach. The sources of research data based on secondary data are laws and regulations, book publications, research, journals and research supporting documents. Literature and documentation data collection tools. The need to resolve agricultural land mortgage disputes with an agreement under hand is due to the legal protection of the interests of the parties which must be prioritized to terminate the legal relationship between the parties in the underhand lien agreement that has been made.
Co-Authors Abu Muna Almaududi Ausat Ambarita, Lenny Mutiara Apriliani, Rizka Aris Suhendar Arvita Netti Sihaloho Arvita Netti Sihaloho, Arvita Netti Berliana Hutajulu Bismar Sibuea DAMANIK, INDRA JAYANTI Damanik, Jendriswandi Damanik, Juliardi Damanik, Mesi Sarivani Damanik1, Pandapotan Dearmina Purba Diawati, Prety Elmas Dwi Ainsyiyah Elmas Dwi Ainsyiyah, Elmas Dwi Fajar, Rosma Farid Wajdi Gultom , Sariaman GULTOM, SARIAMAN Hermans Gavin Hermes , Christian Daniel Hermes, Christian Daniel Hotman Tuah HOTMAN TUAH PURBA Humala Sitinjak Humala Sitinjak Humala Sitinjak Humala Sitinjak Humala Sitinjak Hutajulu, Berliana Ida Nadirah Idris Saleh Iuska Roito Sirait Januari Rizky Januari Rizky Jenriswandi Damanik Jhonson Marbun Jumpa Ukur Jumpa Ukur Junaidi Junaidi Krissi Wahyuni Saragih Krissi Wahyuni Saragih Laros Tuhuteru Lenny Mutiara Ambarita Linda Reni Linda Reni Mahasiswa Universitas Simalungun Malau, Pasu Marbun, Jhonson Mariah S M. Purba Mariah SM Purba Marini, Netty Martua Siadari Masdin Saragih Matondang, Marhaeni K D. Mohamad Trio Febriyantoro Muhammad Arya Ananda Muhammad Arya Ananda Mustafa, Fahrina Nainggolan, Rosita Nasution, Annio Indah Lestari Nenny Wida Simaremare Netty Elvan Safitri Simbolon Netty Marini Nita, Rhyka Jessya Novelina Mutiara Sariati Hutapea Novi Silvia Nur Aini Nur Aini Pasu Malau Perdana, Surya Pransisto, Johamran Purba, Dearmina PURBA, IKA ROSENTA Purba, Mariah SM Purba, Van Lodewijk Rabiah, Dewi Rhyka Jessya Nita rohani, aceng asnawi Romauli Simanjuntak Rony Andre CH Naldo Rony Andre CH Naldo Rosita Nainggolan Rosita Nainggolan Rosita Nainggolan Rosita Nainggolan Rosma Fajar Saragih, Krissi Wahyuni Saragih, Sinta Rahayu Sariaman Gultom Sariaman Gultom Siadari, Martua Silalahi, Mardin SILALAHI, TIODORA FERMISKA Simanjuntak, Romauli Simbolon, Netty Mewahaty Simbolon, Theresia Oktarani Sinaga, Roeskani Sirait, Iuska Roito Sitanggang, Udin Freddy Sitinjak, Humala Sitinjak, Wahyunita Suandy Predy Saputra Rumahorbo Suhendar, Aris Sulfansa Almiza Sulfansa Almiza suroso, amat Thio, Ricky Tukiyo Tukiyo Wahyunita Sitinjak