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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Cakrawala Pendidikan E-JURNAL LINGUISTIK HUMANIS E-Journal of Linguistics E-Journal Of Cultural Studies (JELIKU) Jurnal Elektronik Ilmu Komputer Udayana Linguistika Forum Arkeologi Vidyottama Sanatana: International Journal of Hindu Science and Religious Studies Arsitektura : Jurnal Ilmiah Arsitektur dan Lingkungan Binaan International Journal of Interreligious and Intercultural Studies Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu
I Made Suastika
Udayana University
Religion Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science

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CENK BLONK LEATHER PUPPET PERFORMANCE WITHIN POPULAR CULTURAL CONTEXT Marajaya, I Made Marajaya; Suastika, I Made Suastika; Dibia, I Wayan Dibia; Ratna, I Nyoman Kutha
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 3 (2015): Volume 8, Number 3, August 2015
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

This present study is intended to discuss the Cenk Blonk leather puppet performance “Wayang Kulit Cenk Blonk (abbreviated to WKCB) within the popular cultural context. If viewed from the perspective of cultural studies, this present study is concerned with a new reality and phenomenon in the Balinese puppetry art. The Balinese leather puppet performance, which does not refer to the source book of the shadow play story “pakem pewayangan” and the puppetry norm “Dharma Pewayangan”, is preferred by many people. This present study analyzes the form, factor, and meaning of the WKCB performance with the popular cultural context using the theory of popular culture, the theory of deconstruction, and theory of discourse. The qualitative interpretative method was used. The data were obtained through observation, in-depth interview, and documentary study. The data were analyzed using the descriptive, qualitative and interpretative method of analysis. The data were presented starting from the basic data, data presentation, data analysis and conclusion. The result of the study shows (1) the WKCB was performed as part of the promotional activity; (2) the WKCB was performed as part of the socialization activity; (3) the WKCB was performed as part of the commemoration of anniversaries. Second, the factors contributing to the WKCB performance within the popular cultural context included: creativity, art sustainability, the practice for the supporting artists, the modern cultural impact, the advance in technology, and the market demand. The meanings of the WKCB performance within the popular cultural context included: the aesthetic meaning, the social meaning, the welfare meaning, the amusing meaning, the political meaning, the conservation meaning, and the image meaning. The novelty shows that the WKCB performance within the popular cultural context presents the elements of popular works, popular discourses, the change in presentation, the change in the performing apparatus, and the freedom in receiving messages from those who have it performed to be transmitted to viewers.
RELIGIOUS TRANSFORMATION OF SENI DODOD TAKING PLACE AT MEKAR WANGI VILLAGE SOUTH BANTEN Kasmahidayat, Yuliawan; Dibia, I Wayan; Alwasilah, A. Chaedar; Suastika, I Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 5, No. 1 Januari 2011
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Religious transformation of Seni Dodod taking place at Mekar Wangi Village, SaketiDistrict, Pandeglang Regency, South Banten, Banten Province enriches the analysis of thecommunity cultural pattern based on the art characteristics born and developing in thecommunity. In relation to that, this study describes the cultural phenomenon of religioustransformation as the ideological basis of the pre-modern, modern and postmodern communities.Multidisciplinary qualitative method was employed in this study and the data needed werecollected by in-depth interview, participatory observation and documentation techniques. Thefindings show that the Seni Dodod has the belief or the religion adhered to by the people living atMekar Wangi Village as its religious background. Such a belief affects the relation patternbetween the individuals and their community, nature and God. This is used as the reference inwhat is done in the agricultural process, making Seni Dodod a cult and realizatrion. When thecultural transformation process was taking place, it was found that there was a point of contactbetween traditional arts and modern arts outside the domain of Seni Dodod . Nowadays newcompositions of Seni Dodod have been created functioning as instruments of wedding andkhitanan rituals (khitanan = a feast celebrating a circumcision). The process of acculturation wasformally performed at school by using its compositions as the learning material of art andculture. Its application in its original form and composition was informally inherited throughSeni Dodod studios, the youth and villagers. Its religious meaningfulness was reflected from thecountry life performed by the people living at Mekar Wangi village. Such meaningfulness wasbased on that given by the leaders of pondok pesantren (Muslem boarding school) and on theexplanation clarifying, showing, separating and elaborating seven clauses of Al-Qur’an. Themeaningfulness provided resulted in intactness of movements, the costumes worn, the poem oflutung kasarung , the magic formula or the prayers used. In addition, it was also referred to asMuslim art and culture. It seems that nowadays a shift has taken place as far as its function isconcerned. It used to be employed as a means of agricultural ritual but now it has been animportant part of wedding and khitanan rituals; however, it has not been employed as a secularart
THE HEGEMONY IMPOSED BY THE GOVERNMENT AND THE RESISTANCE OF WETU TELU SASAKNESE ETHNIC GROUP AT BAYAN DISTRICT, NORTH LOMBOK REGENCY Wirata, I Wayan; Parimartha, I Gde; Suastika, I Made; Subagiasta, I Ketut
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 4, No. 1 Januari 2010
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

This research is entitled “The Hegemony Imposed by the Government and theResistance of Wetu Telu Sasaknese Ethnic Group at Bayan District, North Lombok”.The interaction between the government and the Wetu Telu Sasaknese community atBayan District has resulted in differences in views, ideas, and behaviors leading tofriction and refusal or opposition from the community.This research is focused on 1) how has the hegemony imposed by thegovernment upon the Wetu Telu Sasaknese Ethnic Group residing at Bayan District,North Lombok Regency taken place? 2) what has been done by the people of the WetuTelu Sasaknese Ethnic Group residing at Bayan Distrik, North Lombok to resist to thehegemony imposed by the government upon them? and 3) what are the effects andmeanings of the hegemony imposed by the government and the resistance of the WetuTelu Sasaknese Ethnic Group on the multicultural community life at Bayan District,North Lombok Regency?The data needed were collected by interview, observation, and documentationand were descriptively, qualitatively and interpretatively analyzed. The theories used togive answers to the problems formulated above are the theory of hegemony (Gramsci),the theory of deconstruction (Jacques Derrida), and the theory of discourse (Foucault).The results show that the hegemony imposed by the government has taken placein a number of particular aspects such as the religious aspect, socio political aspect,cultural aspect and educational aspect. Being marginalized and being not free indeveloping their tradition and culture, the people of Wetu Telu Sasaknese Ethnic Groupresiding at Bayan District, North Lombok Regency, have been responsible for theirresistance to the government and the followers Islam Waktu Lima. The resistance hasbeen shown by avoiding, refusing and even opposing what is considered not inaccordance with their tradition and culture.One of the effects of the hegemony imposed by the government and theresistance made by the people of the Wetu Telu Sasaknese Ethnic Group residing atBayan District is that there has been imbalanced communication between the followersof Islam Waktu Lima (which collaborates with the government) and the Wetu TeluSasaknese Ethnic Group residing at Bayan District leading to a social conflict. The othereffects have been that such a social conflict has disturbed the social life of the community, has led to a paradox of cultural preservation, and has narrowed the power ofthe Wetu Telu Sasaknese Ethnic Group residing at Bayan District. From the meaningpoint of view, what has taken place at Bayan District has philosophical and multiculturalmeaning as well as the meanings of struggle for identity, cultural preservation anddynamism.
PANGGUNG BANGSAWAN STUDI POLITIK KEBUDAYAAN DI DAERAH RIAU LINGGA: PERSPEKTIF KAJIAN BUDAYA Arybowo, Sutamat; Ardika, M.A., Prof. Dr. I Wayan; MPSS, M.A., Dr. Pudentia; Suastika, M.A., Prof. Dr. I Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 2, No. 1 Mei 2008
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas “Panggung Bangsawan Studi Politik Kebudayaan di Daerah Riau Lingga: Perspektif Kajian Budaya”. Panggung Bangsawan adalah teater rakyat yang pada masa Orde Lama memiliki kekuatan ritual, lalu zaman Orde Baru hampir punah. Pemerintah Orde Baru merevitalisasi teater tersebut sebagai identitas budaya Melayu tetapi bukannya berkembang, melainkan malah surut. Tujuan penelitian ini: mendeskripsikan proses munculnya Panggung Bangsawan, menjelaskan peran negara terhadap Panggung Bangsawan, dan menganalisis makna politik kebudayaan dalam kaitannya dengan identitas budaya Melayu yang baru.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan metode kualitatif. Peneliti menggali budaya dalam konteksnya dengan dunia nyata dan perspektif pelaku masyarakat seni. Tahap pertama, dilakukan pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder. Tahap kedua, memilih teori untuk mengkaji data. Tahap ketiga, menganalisis dan menginterpretasikan data yang telah diseleksi. Tahap keempat, melakukan penulisan dan konstruksi hasil penelitian. Teori yang digunakan: estetika, hegemoni, semiotika, dan dekonstruksi.Hasil penelitian: Pertama, proses munculnya Panggung Bangsawan, realitasnya meliputi prapentas, peristiwa pentas, dan pascapentas. Pada masa prapentas dan pascapentas ini, muncul pertarungan wacana dengan berbagai kepentingan perorangan atau kelompok. Kedua, peran negara terhadap Panggung Bangsawan, menumbuhkan hegemonisasi. Hegemoni tersebut berdampak pada pergeseran isi cerita tentang kekuasaan. Pada zaman Orde Lama, sistem politik yang berlaku mengikuti pola mechanics of power, sedangkan zaman Orde Baru mengikuti pola poetics of power. Ketiga, makna politik kebudayaan dalam kaitannya dengan identitas budaya Melayu, bahwa setelah dilaksanakan Revitalisasi Budaya Melayu 2004, pemahaman alam Melayu bergeser, mulanya memiliki batasan yang mengeras, sekarang batasan itu mencair. Identitas budaya Melayu yang baru bukan berdasarkan pada konvensi agama tertentu, melainkan lebih pluralistik.
THE BALINESE WOMEN’S POLITICAL PARTICIPATION IN THE GENERAL ELECTIONS CONDUCTED FROM 1997 TO 2004 (IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF CULTURAL STUDIES) Rahayu, Luh Riniti; Putra Astiti, Tjok. Istri; Suastika, I Made; Parimartha, I Gde
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 5, No. 2 Juli 2011
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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This study discusses the Balinese women’s political participation in thegeneral elections conducted in 1997, 1999 and 2004. During these years, in spiteof being supported by reformation, there was a gap with regard to the Balinesewomen’s participation in politics, which was assumed to result from numerousfactors. Therefore, the problems formulated in this study are (1) how the Balinesewomen politically participated in the general elections conducted in 1997, 1999and 2004; (2) what factors affected their political participation in the generalelections conducted in 1997, 1999 and 2004?; (3) what were the effects andmeanings of their political participation in the general election conducted in 1997,1999 and 2004 viewed from the values of equality in gender? Qualitative methodwith multidisciplinary approach from the perspective of cultural studies wasadopted in this study. Several critical social theories were employed forsharpening the analysis.The results of the study show that the Balinese women’s politicalparticipation in the general election conducted in 1997 was 11.11%; that therecruitment system still referred to the concepts applied in the New Order, that is,through the women’s organizations established by the government with highnepotism. While their political participation in the general election conducted in1999 decreased by 1.62% as a consequence of reformation, in the general electionconducted in 2004 it rose by 7.27%, resulting from the changes in the generalelection regulations. The factors which encouraged the Balinese women toparticipate in politics were that they were influenced by the men who werepoliticians and close to them such as their husbands and fathers, the women’smovements and the general election regulations. As far as the domestic domain isconcerned, their political participation was positive. What is meant is that theywere able to acquire asymmetric relation of power; however, negatively, they hadmultiple responsibilities resulting from the multiple roles they played. In thepolitical domain, they were dominated by men; in addition, their politicalparticipation gave the meanings of equality, being constitutional and beingprestigious.
NEWLY-PACKAGED BALI TOURIST PERFORMING ARTS IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF CULTURAL STUDIES Ruastiti, Ni Made; Parimartha, I Gde; Sedyawati, Edi; Suastika, I Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 3, No. 1 Januari 2009
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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This research is focused on the newly packaged tourist performing arts; they are anew concept and seem to be different from the general tourist performing arts. They arepackaged from various components of Balinese arts and managed as large scale-touristperforming arts in terms of materials, space, and time of their performances. The researchercalls them new types of Bali tourist performing arts because how they are presented isnew and different from the traditional tourist performing arts which are simply performed.In this research, the newly-packaged performing arts are analyzed in the perspective ofcultural studies.The research was carried out at three palaces in Bali; they are Mengwi Palace inBadung regency, Anyar Palace at Kerambitan, Tabanan regency, and Banyuning Palace atBongkasa, Badung regency. There are three main problems to be discussed: firstly, how dothe tourist performing arts emerge in all the palaces? Secondly, are they related to thetourist industry developed in the palaces?, thirdly, what is the impact and meaning of themfor the sake of the palaces, society, and Balinese culture? The researcher uses a qualitativemethod and an interdisciplinary approach as characteristics of cultural studies. The theoriesused are hegemony, deconstruction, and structuration.The result shows that the tourism development at all the palaces has made the localsociety become more critical. The money-oriented economy based on the spirit of gettingbenefit has made the emergence of comodification in all sectors of life. The emergence oftourist industry at the palaces has led to the idea of showing all of the useful art and culturalpotentials which at the palaces and their surroundings. Theoretically, the palaces can bestated to have deconstructed the concept of presenting the Bali tourist performing arts into anew one, that is, “the newly packaged Bali tourist performing arts”.It has been observed that all the palaces have developed t “Newly packaged Balitourist Performing Arts” but they are different in themes. At Mengwi Palace the theme is‘procession of religious rituals’, at Anyar Palace, Kerambitan, the theme is “ritualprocession of welcoming the kingdom’s guests” and at Banyuning Palace, Bongkasa, thetheme is “ritual procession of wedding”. The differences can be seen in the componentspresented in the performances.
MANAGEMENT OF EMPOWERMENT OF SIDEWALK TRADERS IN WEST DENPASAR SUB DISTRICT DENPASAR CITY: IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF CULTURAL STUDIES Wana Pariartha, I Wayan; Suastika, I Made; Mariyah, Emiliana; Sudibia, I Ketut
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 5, No. 1 Januari 2011
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Sidewalk traders, as informal economic sector, have been in existence in almost allthe cities in Indonesia. As an impact of migration of people, they have been recognized as astructural phenomenon which will always exist. They will always exist in Denpasar City. InWest Denpasar Sub District, as part of Denpasar City, their existence has been assumed notonly to cause the city to look disorganized but it has also been assumed to create discomfortand to disturb public order. However, as Indonesian citizens, they have the right to haveoccupation and live properly as stated in Article 27 of the 1945 Constitution. Theempowerment management of the sidewalk traders in West Denpasar Sub District refers tothe Local Rules and Regulations (Perda) of number 3 of Year 2000. However, the fact inthe field shows that what has been expected has not been properly coming true yet.Based on this fact, a research was conducted with the problems formulated asfollows: 1) how the government managed the empowerment of the sidewalk traders; 2)what responses were given by the community to the model of such a management ofempowerment; 3) and what were its effects and meanings. As a consequence, this researchaims at 1) identifying the management of empowerment of the sidewalk traders; 2)identifying the responses given by the community to the model of such a management ofempowerment; 3) identifying its effects and meanings. From the aspect of methodology,this research is classified as a qualitative one. The theory of deconstruction, the theory ofhegemony, the theory of response, the theory of motivation and achievement wereemployed for exploring the problems formulated above. The techniques employed forcollecting the data needed were the technique of observation, the technique of interview,the technique of observation and focus discussion group.The findings show that the Local Rules and Regulations (Perda) of Number 3 of2000, which is derived from the Local Rules and Regulations (Perda) of Number 15 ofYear 1993, which is used as the reference of how such a management of empowerment isconducted, does not accommodate the problems related to the sidewalk traders. In fact, ithas been implemented by the government in the following three ways; (1) through the subdistrict governmental agencies; (2) through direct supervision of the municipal, sub district,administrative village and neighborhood governmental agencies; (3) through traditionalvillages (desa pekraman/adat).The responses given by the community varied. The responses given by thecommunity of consumers were negative resulting from lack of socialization. The responsesgiven by the sidewalk traders were negative as well. However, socially, economically and
IDENTITY REPRODUCTION AND IMAGE OF MAHAGOTRA PASEK SANAK SAPTA RSI TOWARD HINDU COMMUNITY IN MATARAM CITY, WEST NUSA TENGGARA Ardhi Wirawan, I Wayan; Ardika, I Wayan; Suastika, I Made; Mariyah, Emiliana
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 4, No. 1 Januari 2010
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Identity reproduction and image which actualized by soroh (clan) of Pasekorganized in paguyuban (group) of Mahagotra Pasek Sanak Sapta Rsi (MPSSR)toward Hindu community in Mataram City, West Nusa Tenggara has closelyrelation with social religious movement which has the effort to restructurepermanent Hindu practices. This movement has the effort to represent theirancestor practice contemporarily in term of social religious space in whichmonolithic one it is accumulated to restructure the priest symbols. Thisphenomenon is indicated by the struggle in appointing pandita mpu as priestsymbol from MPSSR. Bhisama (spiritual message) deriving from their ancestorsoroh Pasek is based on operational basis of social religious movement actualizedby MPSSR which is explicitly narrated that the ancestor of soroh Pasek hasprevilese to be religious priests. Bhisama also says that the generation of sorohPasek can unite their family binding in term of indigenous relations. Thisphenomenon implies reunification among soroh Pasek for disposition torestructure permanent sidhikara system since the history of Hindu community inMataram city.This social religious of MPSSR is legitimated through the image for theeffort to establish positive image to be distributed toward Hindu community inMataram city. The image creation is conducted by applying investment strategy ofany capitals such a economy, culture, social and symbolic one in accordance withcapital concept proposed by Pierre Bourdieu to explain power relations. Identityreproduction and image of MPSSR toward Hindu community in Mataram citythough the appointment of pandita mpu and reunification of indigenous basiswhere it is closely related with the struggle in reaching symbolic power in Hindupractices.
TRANSFORMATION OF LULO DANCE PERFORMED BY TOLAKI PEOPLE IN KONAWE REGENCY, SOUTH EAST SULAWESI Alim, Abdul; Suastika, I Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 10, Number 3, August 2017
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

This present study analyzes the transformation of lulo dance performed by Tolaki people in Konawe Regency, South East Sulawesi. From the perspective of cultural studies, the study analyses an empirical field reality related to the matter pertaining to transformation. The local culture which is transformed into the global culture has caused the lulo dance to change with its new form and meanings. There is one problem which needs to be analyzed in the present study. The problem is formulated in the form of a question, namely what ideologies which have inspired the transformation of the lulo dance performed by Tolaki people in Konawe Regency, South East Sulawesi. The study used the qualitative method and is intended to analyze the transformation of the lulo dance performed by Tolaki people using the critical, interdisciplinary and multidimensional approach of cultural studies. The data were obtained through library research, documentary study, observation, and interview. After being verified, the data were analyzed using several relevant theories; they are the theory of deconstruction, the hermeneutic theory, the theory of discourse of knowledge, and the theory of semiotics. The result of the study shows that the transformation of the lulo dance performed by Tolaki people in Konawe Regency cannot be separated from the ideologies which have inspired it. They include the religiosity ideology, the educational ideology, and the economic ideology. The contact between the global culture and local culture has caused the lulo dance to transform. The global culture indicates that a new era has come; it cannot be stemmed and avoided, meaning that many aspects in the people’s social and cultural life have transformed or changed.
IMPLEMENTATION OF HINDU RELIGION EDUCATION AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF CULTURAL STUDIES Tanu, I Ketut; Suastika, I Made; Parimartha, I Gde; Subagia, I Wayan
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 3, No. 2 Juli 2009
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Religious education was firstly implemented based on the Act of Number 4 year1950, concerning education and teaching. In one of its articles, it is stated that Indonesia is areligion-based country. The govern ment has the right and is obliged to arrange religiouseducation starting from Kindergarten to University and the time allocated for this is 2 (two)hours per week. However, an imbalance has occurred as far as Hindu Religion education isconcerned, that is, the students at particular educational institutions are not provided withHindu Religion education as intended by the Act.In Article 30 of the Act of Number 20 year 2003 concerning national educationsystem, on the other hand, it is stated that: any religious education can be carried out by thegovernment and or a community’s group belonging to a particular religion in accordancewith the applicable regulations. It is also stated that religious education is functioned toprepare the students to be able to comprehend and apply their religious teaching values and orto be experts in religions. In addition, it is also stated that religious education can be formallyand informally conducted in the forms of diniyah, pesantren, pesraman, phabaja, smnera,and the like.How Hindu Religion educa tion is implemented at Elementary School Number 17Dauh Puri and Dwijendra Elementary School Depasar cannot be separated from theinfrastructure, facilities, curri culum and teachers available, and the government’s policy.Therefore, this study is focused on 1) the existence of the components needed forimplementing Hindu Religion education, 2) the factors influencing the implementation ofHindu religion education, and 3) the meaningfulness and attempts done to implement HinduReligion education if related to the inventory of Balinese culture.This study is conducted to explain, describe, criticize, and analyze theimplementation of Hindu Religion education at Elementary School Number 17 Dauh Puri andDwijendra Elementary School Denpasar. The benefit that is intended to be achieved in thisstudy is to contribute to the inventory of Hinduism and to serve as something to be taken intoaccount when any decision related to Hindu Religion education is made.Researches on Hinduism have been conducted by some researchers. However, onlya few have been carried out related to Hindu Religion education. Further matters related toHindu Religion education provided at elementary school need to be done. The concepts madeavailable in this study are very essential. The reason is that such concepts serve as theguidelines in this study. The concepts employed are those related to the implementation ofeducation, general education, Hindu Religion education, Elementary School, and culturalstudies.The theories employed to answer the matters related to the implementation of HinduReligion education at Elementary School Number 17 Dauh Puri and Dwijendra Elementary School Depasar are: 1) the Derida’s theory of deconstruction, 2) Gramsci’s theory ofHegemony, and 3) Piaget’s constructivistic theory. In addition, a research model is alsoemployed in this study. The reason is that it serves as the researcher’s thinking flow indescribing and reporting the research.The methods employed in this study include the research planning, the researchlocation, the types and sources of data, the informant determination, the researchinstruments, the data collecting technique, the data analysis, and how the results arepresented. The purpose is to obtain objective data concerning the implementation of HinduReligion education at elementary school. The objective research method is able to describetotally and objectively how Hindu Religion education is implemented at Elementary SchoolNumber 17 Dauh Puri and Dwijendara Elementary School Denpasar.The novelty in this study is that the learning infrastructure and facilities needed tocarry out Hindu Religion education both at Elementary School Number 17 Dauh Puri andDwijendra Elementary School Depasar have not been in accordance with the minimumstandard of service , that the curriculum has not been totally oriented towards the schools’potentials and students, that the teachers have not been innovated in the learning process, andthat the government’s policy has not been made for multicultural education. In the process oflearning Hindu Religion, the schools have attempted to increase the quality of Hindu Religioneducation, to develop school-based management, and to apply multidisciplinary approach.
Co-Authors A. A. Gde Agung A. Chaedar Alwasilah A.A. Gde Alit Geria Alit Geria A.A. Gde Putra Agung AA PT Candra Kartika Pratiwi Abdul Alim Aderlaepe Aderlaepe Agung, Anak Agung Gde Putra Akhmad Tabrani Ali Djamhuri Amin Sumadyo Ariana, I Ketut Eriadi Aron Meko Mbete Asmyta Surbakti Bernad Arifin Pasaribu Crustasia Aji Westriani Daryusti - Diah Savitri, Putu Dr. I Gde M.A. Parimartha Dr. Pudentia M.A. MPSS Edi Sedyawati Emiliana Mariyah I Gde Parimartha I Gde Parimartha Parimartha, I Gde Parimartha I Gde Semadi Astra I Gusti Agung Gede Arya Kadyanan I Gusti Ayu Sri Widiantari I Gusti Bagus Wijaya Kusuma I Gusti Ketut Gde Arsana, I Gusti Ketut Gde I Gusti Made Ngurah I Ketut Eriadi Ariana I Ketut Gede Harsana, I Ketut Gede I Ketut Jirnaya I Ketut Subagiasta I Ketut Sudibia I Ketut Tanu I Nyoman Kutha Ratna I Nyoman Kutha Ratna I Nyoman Murtana I Nyoman Sirtha I Nyoman Suarka I Nyoman Sukartha I Nyoman sukiada I Nyoman Suwija I Nyoman Weda Kesuma I Nyoman Weda Kusuma I Wayan Ardhi Wirawan I Wayan Ardika I Wayan Cika I Wayan Dana I Wayan Deddy Sumantra I Wayan Dibia I Wayan Dibia Dibia, I Wayan Dibia I Wayan Jondra I Wayan Suardiana I Wayan Subagia I Wayan Sukersa I Wayan Wana Pariartha Ida Bagus Gde Yudha Triguna Ida Bagus Made Wisnu Parta Ida Bagus Rai Putra Intan Ayu Puspita Ivana Thalia Iwan Indrawan Jendra, Made Ketut Ardhana Ketut Ardhana, Ketut Ardhana Khrisma Ananditya Leny Pramesti Luh Putu Puspawati Luh Putu Puspawati Luh Riniti Rahayu Luh Suwita Utami Made Iwan Indrawan Jendra Made Marajaya Maria Matildis Banda Mohammad Asrori Ni Luh Nyoman Kebayantini Ni Made Emmi Nutrisia Dewi, Ni Made Ni Made Rai Setyawati Ni Made Ruastiti Ni Nyoman Yuliawati Ni Putu Parmini Ni Wayan Putri Kuna Winaya Nurul Hasanah Nym. Kutha Ratna Nym. Kutha Ratna, Nym. Kutha Ratna Nyoman Kutha Ratna Nyoman Kutha Ratna Philip Teguh Imanto Prof. Dr. Nyoman Kutha Ratna S.U. Pulumun Peterus Ginting Putu Ari Suprapta Pratama Putu Rumawan Salain Putu Sukardja Regina Melianawati Renhat Marlianus Siki Setyawati, Ni Made Rai Singkir Hudijono Sri Purnama Sri Yuliani Suartaya, Kadek Sutamat Arybowo Swastya Darma Pradnyan, I Gusti Made Syamsul Arifin Titis S. Pitana Tjok. Istri Putra Astiti Tjokorda Oka Artha Ardhana Sukawati Yuliawan Kasmahidayat