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Diversifikasi Produk Kesehatan Berbahan Dasar Minyak Atsiri Serai (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf) Favian Rafif Firdaus; Naima, Fathnin Ulya; Akbar, Achmad Naufal Maulana; Haq, Nimas Rizqi Firdausy; Lestari, Dewi; Setiawan, Catur Dian; Widyowati, Retno
Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v11i2.57498

Lemongrass essential oil (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf) had many benefits, including antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory properties, and effectiveness as a repellent against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. These oils were processed into various household products, such as bar soap, carbolic floor cleaner, and aromatherapy candles. This research aimed to manufacture bar soap, carbolic floor cleaner, and aromatherapy candles on a laboratory scale that homemakers could replicate. Bar soap was made using VCO, palm oil, and olive oil, which were mixed with an NaOH solution. Aromatherapy candles were produced using solid paraffin that was melted and mixed with lemongrass essential oil, while carbolic floor cleaner was made using a combination of two phases: the oil phase, which used texapon, and the water phase, which used hexylene glycol. The results showed that the products had adequate physical characteristics and economic value. In addition to being beneficial for health, the products could also be marketed to increase family income. Keywords: Lemongrass Essential Oil, Health Products Formulation, Bar Soap, Aromatherapy Candles, Carbolic Floor Clearner

IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA FITOKIMIA EKSTRAK ETANOL 70% AKAR GINSENG KUNING (RENNELLIA ELLIPTICA KORTH.) MENGGUNAKAN LC-MS/MS DAN AKTIVITAS AFRODISIAKA SECARA IN SILICO Istiqamah, Farida; Sukardiman, Sukardiman; Widyowati, Retno
Jurnal Wiyata Penelitian Sains dan Kesehatan Vol 11, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : LP2M IIK (Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Institut Ilmu Kesehatan) Bhakti Wiy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56710/wiyata.v11i2.870

Abstrak Latar belakang: Rennellia elliptica Korth. secara tradisional digunakan sebagai zat afrodisiak. Dilihat dari potensinya, bukti ilmiah ekstrak tumbuhan ini sebagai penghambat phosphodiesterase-5 masih belum dilakukan Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui senyawa fitokimia yang terdapat pada ekstrak etanol 70% tanaman rennellia elliptica Korth. menggunakan LC-MS/MS dan aktivitas afrodisiakan secara in silico. Metode: Ekstrak etanol rennellia elliptica Korth. dianalisis menggunakan LC-MS/MS selanjutnya senyawa tersebut digunakan sebagai senyawa ligan dalam penambatan molekuler untuk mengetahui afinitas pengikatan konstituen fitokimia tersebut terhadap protein target phosphodiesterase 5 (PDB ID: 2H42). Hasil: Ditemukan 17 komponen senyawa antara lain golongan terpenoid, fenilpropanoid, antrakuinon dan flavonoid. Berdasarkan studi in silico dari 17 senyawa yang dianalisis dengan LC-MS/MS, Dulxanthone B (∆G=-9,52 kkal/mol) menunjukkan afinitas tertinggi untuk berikatan dengan target protein. Simpulan: Senyawa fitokimia dari rennellia elliptica Korth. dapat berfungsi sebagai terapi tambahan dalam penemuan obat untuk pengobatan yang menghambat phosphodiesterase 5. Abstract Background: Rennellia elliptica Korth. is traditionally used as an aphrodisiac substance. Judging from its potential, scientific evidence of this plant extract as a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor has yet to be conducted. Objective: . This research aims to determine the phytochemical compounds contained in the 70% ethanol extract of the Rennellia elliptica Korth plant. using LC-MS/MS. Method: The ethanol extract of rennellia elliptica Korth. was analyzed using LC-MS/MS and then the compounds were used as ligand compounds in molecular docking to determine the binding affinity of the phytochemical constituents to the target protein phosphodiesterase 5 (PDB ID: 2H42). Results: 17 compound components were found, including terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, anthraquinones and flavonoids. Based on in silico studies of 17 compounds analyzed by LC-MS/MS, Dulxanthone B (∆G=-9.52 kcal/mol) showed the highest affinity for binding to protein targets.. Conclusions: Phytochemical compounds from Rennellia elliptica Korth. may serve as an adjunct therapy in drug discovery for treatment that inhibits phosphodiesterase 5.

Mini Review: Quality Control Study of Crude Drug of Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. Leaves as Male Contraceptive Ummah, Rokhmatul; Wardoyo, Bambang Prajogo Eko; Widyowati, Retno
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): JUNE
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v4i1.4838

Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. (Gendarussa) leaves contain gendarusin A, which is a potential antifertility agent. Preclinical researches (in vitro, in vivo, and toxicity) and clinical trials have been carried out proving that Gendarussa leaves are safe to be used as a male contraceptive. Quality control of medicine must be carried out from the beginning when selecting crude drugs until the production process. Quality control of the crude drug is needed to maintain the quality, safety, and efficacy of its crude drug. That standardization has been done in Kediri, Mojokerto, and Ponorogo. The research output data used were specific and nonspecific parameters (macroscopic and microscopic assay, determination of ash content, compound levels, etc.). The quality of crude drugs is different in each region. Crude drug from Mojokerto is better than crude drug from Kediri and Ponorogo. This is influenced by environmental difference factors on how plants grow. This review describes the differences in the quality control results of crude drug of Gendarussa from several areas. Hence, in the future, the quality of this plant can be guaranteed to be used as a contraceptive drug.

OPTIMALISASI PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN OBAT UNTUK PENINGKATAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT PULAU GILI IYANG, SUMENEP Wahyuni, Tutik Sri; Neny Purwitasari; Farida Ifadotunnikmah; Retno widyowati; Wiwied Ekasari; Abdul Rahem; Dewi Melani Hariyati
JURNAL PENGABDIAN FARMASI DAN SAINS Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): Oktober 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Farmasi FMIPA Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/jpsf.2024.v3.i1.17459

Gili Iyang is an island that belong to Madura, that located in Dungkek District, Sumenep Regency, East Java. This island is famous as an oxygen island with the second best oxygen levels in the world. This island also has various natural sources including medicinal. However, some of the existing potentials have not been utilized and processed optimally. Therefore, this activity is focused on optimazing the used of medicinal plants for improving health among communities. This activities were including planting medicinal plants or call â€œTanaman Obatâ€(TOGA). Moreover to improve the understanding about medicinal plan, lecture section about the function of plants and how to prepare the traditional recepi was conducted. Information about medicinal plants for hipertention, diabetic and degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis and women's health disorders were shared. Workshop about preparation herbal soap from piper betle was also conducted to the community of Gili Iyang . Piper batle was known as antimicrobial that could overcome vaginal discharge disorders. This activity give many advantages to the Gili Iyang Community that could improve the understanding on medicinal plants. The analysis of each participant in answering the question of pretest and posted was calculate. The results showed the right answer improve up to 70%. This result indicate the advantage of this activity to the community of Gili Iyang that consist of Banraas dan Bancamara village. This program is an application of several aspects of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) including health (3), quality education (4), and is a strengthening of national research priorities (PRN) in the fields of Blue-Green Economy and Health.

Family Important Value Tanaman Obat sebagai Terapi Nyeri Sendi oleh Suku Nuaulu di Pulau Seram, Maluku Tengah Arum Widiyaningsih; Wiwied Ekasari; Irawati Sholikhah; Retno Widyowati
Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan SUARA FORIKES Vol 15, No 2 (2024): April-Juni 2024
Publisher : FORIKES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/sf15228

The use of natural ingredients in traditional medicine has been a long-standing practice by the Indonesian people, based on knowledge passed down from generation to generation. This traditional medicine has been used for various purposes, including treating joint pain. This study aimed to identify medicinal plants as a treatment for joint pain in the Nuaulu tribe in Maluku. This study was conducted using a qualitative approach. The sample in this study was 20 informants, with sample determination using purposive and snowball sampling methods. Data collection was carried out by interviews and to strengthen the results of data collection, document studies were carried out as a triangulation step. This study succeeded in obtaining five types of medicinal plants used by the Nuaulu tribe, namely Laportea decumana with a Family Important Value (FIV) of 80.00; Pandanus amaryllifolius with an FIV value of 8.00; Cymbopogon, Kaempferia galangal L, and Orthosiphon stamineus each with an FIV value of 4.00. Based on the research results, it was concluded that there are five types of medicinal plants that are used traditionally by the Nuaulu tribe to treat joint pain, with Laportea decumana (Roxb.Wedd.) as the main plant.Keywords: medicinal plants; joint pain; Nuaulu tribe; Maluku ABSTRAK Penggunaan bahan-bahan alami dalam pengobatan tradisional telah menjadi praktik yang sudah lama dilakukan oleh masyarakat Indonesia, berdasarkan pengetahuan yang diwariskan secara turun-temurun. Pengobatan tradisional ini telah digunakan untuk berbagai tujuan, termasuk mengobati nyeri sendi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tanaman obat sebagai pengobatan nyeri sendi pada suku Nuaulu di Maluku. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 20 informan, dengan penentuan sampel menggunakan metode purposive dan snowball sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan untuk memperkuat hasil pengumpulan data dilakukan document studies sebagai langkah triangulasi. Penelitian ini berhasil mendapatkan lima jenis tanaman obat yang digunakan oleh masyarakat suku Nuaulu yakni Laportea decumana dengan Family Important Value (FIV) sebanyak 80,00; Pandanus amaryllifolius dengan nilai FIV 8,00; Cymbopogon, Kaempferia galangal L, dan Orthosiphon stamineus masing-masing dengan nilai FIV 4,00. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa ada lima jenis tanaman obat yang digunakan secara turun temurun oleh masyarakat suku Nuaulu untuk mengobati nyeri sendi, dengan Laportea decumana (Roxb.Wedd.) sebagai tanaman utama.Kata kunci: tanaman obat; nyeri sendi; suku Nuaulu; Maluku

Physical Characteristics and Antioxidant Potential of Star Anise (Illicium verum Hook f.) Essential Oil Nanoemulgel as a Natural Cosmetic Widyowati, Retno; Sari, Trisiyana Sholika; Munandar, Tristiana Erawati
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Background : Oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a major contributor to skin damage. Illicium verum (star anise) essential oil is rich in trans-anethole, a compound reported as the dominant component (over 88%) in previous GC-MS studies. Trans-anethole possesses potent antioxidant properties; however, its lipophilic nature limits its solubility and topical bioavailability. Objective : This study aimed to develop and characterize a nanoemulgel formulation Illicium verum essential oil and to evaluate its antioxidant activity for potential application as a natural antioxidant. Methods : Essential oil (1% w/v) was extracted by steam distillation and formulated into a nanoemulgel using a self-nanoemulsifying technique, which involves the spontaneous formation of nano-sized droplets upon mixing the oil phase with surfactants (Tween 80 and Span 80 in a 6:1 ratio) under agitation. The resulting nanoemulsion was incorporated into a hydrogel base using 1% Carbopol 940, a hydrophilic polymer that forms a three-dimensional network capable of retaining water, creating a gel-like texture suitable for topical application. The formulation was evaluated for pH, viscosity, droplet size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and stability. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH assay, with ascorbic acid as the positive control then analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results : The nanoemulgel showed pH 6.03 ± 0.28, viscosity 13164 ± 2.65 cP, droplet size 188.5 ± 0.49 nm, PDI 0.1638 ± 0.15, and zeta potential -41.09 ± 1.59 mV indicating good physical stability and homogeneity. It passed centrifugation and spreadability tests and exhibited a semi-transparent appearance with a smooth texture and pleasant aroma. According to established criteria (Itam et al., 2021), the IC₅₀ value of the nanoemulgel (85.03 ± 0.75 µg/mL) demonstrated moderate antioxidant activity, while the essential oil alone exhibited strong activity (IC₅₀ = 50.89 ± 0.55 µg/mL), and ascorbic acid, used as a positive control, showed very strong activity (IC₅₀ = 2.59 ± 0.28 µg/mL). Statistical analysis confirmed a significant difference between groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions : The nanoemulgel formulation demonstrated favorable physical properties, including skin-compatible pH, suitable viscosity, nano-sized droplets, low polydispersity, and high colloidal stability. It retained moderate antioxidant activity, supporting its potential application as a natural antioxidant cosmetic. Further in vivo studies are recommended to validate its clinical efficacy.

Pharmacological Activity From Various Parts of Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.): A Review Widyowati, Retno; Putri, Anisa Yustikka; Sukardiman
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Background: Elaeis guineensis Jacq. belongs to Arecaceae family. This plant originates from West Africa and is spread across Asia such as Indonesia. Various parts have been used traditionally and proven by scientific experiments derived for various medicinal purposes for the treatment many disease because contains many phytonutrients. Objective: This study was to explore the pharmacological activities of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. from various parts and the potential compound content. Methods: The method was a literature review by searching research data about Elaeis guineensis Jacq. from 2010 to 2024 was derived from Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SpringerLink, NCBI and Google Scholar with the keywords of Elaeis guineensis Jacq, palm oil, in vivo, in vitro, in silico and pharmacologycal activity. Results: Elaeis guineensis Jacq. has composition of bioactive constituents including vitamin E, fatty acid, fenolic, flavonoids, phenolics and karotenoid. With sample parts of leaves, fruits, seeds, and roots. Elaeis guineensis Jacq. has the ability as an pharmacology activity with the approach of in silico, in vitro and in vivo studies. The plant parts showed significant potential in various biological activities, including high antioxidant activity, significant antimicrobial effects against bacteria, anti-inflammatory, neuropharmacology, decreased blood glucose and insulin resistance, relatively safe toxicity tests at certain concentrations and protection against liver damage. The findings indicate the potential application in alternative medicine and nutraceutical development. Conclusion: Overall, this journal evaluated the pharmacological activities of various parts of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. through in silico, in vitro and in vivo pharmacological approaches showing that this species is a rich source of compounds. Further research is needed to develop therapeutic products based on Elaeis guineensis Jacq. including clinical trials to ensure safety and efficacy in humans.

Physical Characteristics and Antioxidant Potential of Star Anise (Illicium verum Hook f.) Essential Oil Nanoemulgel as a Natural Cosmetic Widyowati, Retno; Sari, Trisiyana Sholika; Munandar, Tristiana Erawati
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Background : Oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a major contributor to skin damage. Illicium verum (star anise) essential oil is rich in trans-anethole, a compound reported as the dominant component (over 88%) in previous GC-MS studies. Trans-anethole possesses potent antioxidant properties; however, its lipophilic nature limits its solubility and topical bioavailability. Objective : This study aimed to develop and characterize a nanoemulgel formulation Illicium verum essential oil and to evaluate its antioxidant activity for potential application as a natural antioxidant. Methods : Essential oil (1% w/v) was extracted by steam distillation and formulated into a nanoemulgel using a self-nanoemulsifying technique, which involves the spontaneous formation of nano-sized droplets upon mixing the oil phase with surfactants (Tween 80 and Span 80 in a 6:1 ratio) under agitation. The resulting nanoemulsion was incorporated into a hydrogel base using 1% Carbopol 940, a hydrophilic polymer that forms a three-dimensional network capable of retaining water, creating a gel-like texture suitable for topical application. The formulation was evaluated for pH, viscosity, droplet size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and stability. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH assay, with ascorbic acid as the positive control then analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results : The nanoemulgel showed pH 6.03 ± 0.28, viscosity 13164 ± 2.65 cP, droplet size 188.5 ± 0.49 nm, PDI 0.1638 ± 0.15, and zeta potential -41.09 ± 1.59 mV indicating good physical stability and homogeneity. It passed centrifugation and spreadability tests and exhibited a semi-transparent appearance with a smooth texture and pleasant aroma. According to established criteria (Itam et al., 2021), the IC₅₀ value of the nanoemulgel (85.03 ± 0.75 µg/mL) demonstrated moderate antioxidant activity, while the essential oil alone exhibited strong activity (IC₅₀ = 50.89 ± 0.55 µg/mL), and ascorbic acid, used as a positive control, showed very strong activity (IC₅₀ = 2.59 ± 0.28 µg/mL). Statistical analysis confirmed a significant difference between groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions : The nanoemulgel formulation demonstrated favorable physical properties, including skin-compatible pH, suitable viscosity, nano-sized droplets, low polydispersity, and high colloidal stability. It retained moderate antioxidant activity, supporting its potential application as a natural antioxidant cosmetic. Further in vivo studies are recommended to validate its clinical efficacy.

Pharmacological Activity From Various Parts of Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.): A Review Widyowati, Retno; Putri, Anisa Yustikka; Sukardiman
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Background: Elaeis guineensis Jacq. belongs to Arecaceae family. This plant originates from West Africa and is spread across Asia such as Indonesia. Various parts have been used traditionally and proven by scientific experiments derived for various medicinal purposes for the treatment many disease because contains many phytonutrients. Objective: This study was to explore the pharmacological activities of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. from various parts and the potential compound content. Methods: The method was a literature review by searching research data about Elaeis guineensis Jacq. from 2010 to 2024 was derived from Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SpringerLink, NCBI and Google Scholar with the keywords of Elaeis guineensis Jacq, palm oil, in vivo, in vitro, in silico and pharmacologycal activity. Results: Elaeis guineensis Jacq. has composition of bioactive constituents including vitamin E, fatty acid, fenolic, flavonoids, phenolics and karotenoid. With sample parts of leaves, fruits, seeds, and roots. Elaeis guineensis Jacq. has the ability as an pharmacology activity with the approach of in silico, in vitro and in vivo studies. The plant parts showed significant potential in various biological activities, including high antioxidant activity, significant antimicrobial effects against bacteria, anti-inflammatory, neuropharmacology, decreased blood glucose and insulin resistance, relatively safe toxicity tests at certain concentrations and protection against liver damage. The findings indicate the potential application in alternative medicine and nutraceutical development. Conclusion: Overall, this journal evaluated the pharmacological activities of various parts of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. through in silico, in vitro and in vivo pharmacological approaches showing that this species is a rich source of compounds. Further research is needed to develop therapeutic products based on Elaeis guineensis Jacq. including clinical trials to ensure safety and efficacy in humans.

Molecular Docking Study of Illicium verum Hook f. as Elastase and Collagenase Inhibitor in Anti-aging Mechanism Rahman, Ave; Widiandani, Tri; Widyowati, Retno
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v8i2.9574

Skin aging, a natural physiological process intensified by external factors that augment the activity of aging-related enzymes such as elastase and collagenase, leads to the degradation of collagen solubility and the disruption of elastin fiber cross-linking. This study aimed to investigate the potential of secondary metabolites from Illicium verum fruit as inhibitors of both elastase and collagenase through an in silico molecular docking approach. The methodology involved ligand and protein preparation, validation of the docking protocol, the molecular docking simulation itself, and subsequent visualization of amino acid residue interactions. The protein targets utilized were elastase (PDB ID: 1Y93) and collagenase (PDB ID: 2D1N). The docking results identified gingerol as exhibiting the highest binding affinity for elastase (-7.99 kcal/mol), followed by carvacrol (-6.79 kcal/mol) and ferulic acid (-6.24 kcal/mol). Similarly, for collagenase, gingerol displayed the strongest interaction (-8.47 kcal/mol), followed by carvacrol (-6.30 kcal/mol) and α-pinene (-6.24 kcal/mol). Notably, gingerol and carvacrol also demonstrated favorable amino acid similarity scores and promising interactions within the active sites of both elastase and collagenase. In conclusion, this molecular docking study suggests that the secondary metabolites of I. verum fruit possess potential anti-aging activity by inhibiting elastase and collagenase enzymes.

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