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The Effect of Probiotic Doses in Biofloc Growth on Hematological and Histological Status of Catfish Teotonio Gomes, Guilherme; Andayani, Sri Andayani; Yanuhar, Uun Yanuhar
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.01.04

Abstract

Biofloc technology is one of the promising methods to overcome water quality problems in fish farming. This technology uses an environmentally friendly approach and does not harm cultivated organisms. The success of biofloc technology depends on the accuracy of determining probiotics and doses in the treatment. This study used petrofish commercial probiotics containing Lactobacillus heterochiochii, Bacillus sp., Nitrosomonas sp., and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with a bacterial density of 1.2 x 106 CFU.mL-1. This study aimed to determine the suitable doses of probiotics for growing biofloc. Biofloc has a high content of protein. In the biofloc process, fish will consume the floc. It led to hematology status and intestine histology alteration that caused effects on fish growth. The method used in this study was an experimental method with a completely randomized design with four treatments. Each treatment will be repeated three times. The variable test was a difference of doses of probiotic P0 (0 L.L-1 water), P1 (1 L.L-1 water), P2 (1.5 L.L-1 water), and P3 (2 L.L-1 water). The observations on the value of hematological status showed erythrocytes in the P2 treatment was 2.9 x 1012.L-1 and P3 was 2.5 x 1012.L-1. It was categorized as a normal condition, while P0 and P1 (2.0 x 1012.L-1) were below normal values. The hemoglobin values of P2 (9.6 g.dL-1) and P3 (9.0 g.dL-1) were in accordance with normal values, while P0 (4.9 g.dL-1) and P1 (6.1 g.dL-1) were below normal. The hematocrit value in P2 was under the normal limit of 39%, while the treatments P0, P1, and P3 were below the normal limit. The leucocyte values in all treatments (P0, P1, P2, and P3) were above the normal (high) value, influenced by high stocking density. The best intestinal villi length was found in P2, which is 2431.42 µm; the villi width is 631.90 µm. Based on the observations on all variables, it can be stated that the probiotic doses have significant biofloc growth and hematological and histological intestine status. Furthermore, the (P2) treatment with 1.5 L.L-1 water effectively affected the growth of catfish (Clarias sp). Keywords: Biofloc, Catfish, Hematology, Histology, Probiotic Petrifish.
Molecular Detection, Histopathology, and Scanning Electron Microscopy of Myxobolus koi Infecting Cyprinus carpio Koi Soelistyoadi, Rachmat Noer; Yanuhar, Uun; Maftuch, Maftuch
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 9 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1153.168 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2019.009.03.01

Abstract

Myxobolus koi is a type of parasite that infects many freshwater fish through myxospores, resulting in a disease called myxobolosis. This research aimed is to investigate the clinical symptoms that occur in the gills of infected Koi carp (C. carpio). The utilized methods in this study are molecular detection, histopathology, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Koi carp samples that are suspected to be infected with Myxobolus koi show several clinical signs, such as swollen and pale-colored gills and gill covers (opercula) that do not close completely, as well as white spots that appear on the edge of the lamella. The results of this study showed that through histological observations, there were changes characterized by hyperplasia of the primary lamella cartilage that envelops parasitic cysts and the encapsulation process that surrounds the cysts by gill cartilage in infected fish;SEM showed oval and elongated spores of a size of ± 12 µm (800x). TheDNA template from gill tissues in clinically infected and uninfected fish was examined byPCR testing with primers ERB 1 (Forward) and ERB 10 (Reverse); the results of electrophoresis in infected fish were detected at 2000 bp. Keywords: Cyprinus carpio, Histopathology, Molecular Detection, Myxobolus koi, Parasite, SEM.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK Eleutherine palmifolia TERHADAP KELULUSHIDUPAN IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) TERINFEKSI Pseudomonas fluorescens Fransira, Immaria; Yanuhar, Uun; ., Maftuch
Jurnal Bahari Papadak Vol 4 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Bahari Papadak
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Abstrak – Bakteri Pseudomonas fluorescens merupakan bakteri gram negatif yang menyebabkan kerugian pada budidaya ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Eleutherine palmifolia atau lebih kenal dengan nama bawang Dayak, diketahui bersifat antimikroba dan telah digunakan sebagai pengobatan. Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh ekstrak E. palmifolia terhadap kelulushidupan ikan nila (O. niloticus) yang terinfeksi P. fluorescens serta gejala klinis. Metode eksperimen dilakukan pada penelitian ini dengan tiga perlakuan yaitu konsentrasi ekstrak 30 ppm (A), ekstrak 50 ppm (B), ekstrak 70 ppm (C) dan kontrol negatif (penginfeksian bakteri tanpa perendaman ekstrak) dengan tiga kali ulangan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh ekstrak E. palmifolia terhadap kelulushidupan ikan nila (O. niloticus) yang terinfeksi P. fluorescens serta gejala klinisnya. Perlakuan C (70 ppm) merupakan konsentrasi optimal untuk kelulushidupan ikan. Kata Kunci : Bawang Dayak, Oreochromis niloticus, Kelulushidupan, Gejala Klinis, Antibakteri. Abstract - Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria is a gram-negative bacteria that causes losses in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) aquaculture. Eleutherine palmifolia or better known as Dayak onion, is known to have antimicrobial activity and has been used as a treatment. This study examined the effect of E. palmifolia extract on the survival of tilapia (O. niloticus) infected with P. fluorescens and clinical symptoms. The experimental method was carried out in this study with three treatments, namely the concentration of 30 ppm extract (A), 50 ppm extract (B), 70 ppm extract (C) and negative control (bacterial infection without extract immersion) with three replications. This study demonstrated the effect of E. palmifolia extract on the survival of tilapia (O. niloticus) infected with P. fluorescens and its clinical symptoms. Treatment C (70 ppm) was the optimal concentration for fish survival. Keywords : Onion Dayak, Oreochromis niloticus, Survival, Clinical Symptoms, Antibacterial.
Characteristics of sisal-epoxy composite boards with sodium chloride-treated fibers at different treatment temperatures Setyayunita, Tamaryska; Suryanto, Heru; Aminnudin, Aminnudin; Osman, Azlin Fazlina; Yanuhar, Uun
Teknomekanik Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Regular Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/teknomekanik.v8i1.35572

Abstract

The growing environmental concerns associated with synthetic fibers have led to the increased adoption of bio-fibers as reinforcements in polymer composites. Sodium chloride (NaCl) is explored as a fiber treatment agent to enhance the adhesion between fibers and the matrix. The study aims to evaluate the effects of NaCl treatment on the characteristics of sisal fiber-epoxy composite boards. A completely randomized design was applied with three factors: treatment temperature (25 °C and 100 °C), NaCl concentration (1, 3, and 5 wt%), and composite board density (0.40, 0.60, and 0.80 g/cm³). Sisal fibers were soaked in NaCl solutions for one hour, rinsed, dried, and manually blended with epoxy at a ratio of 80:20 wt%. Composite board properties were observed according to the standards of JIS-A-5908, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results indicated that increasing the NaCl concentration and treatment temperature significantly improved the properties of the composite board. The optimal parameters (5wt% NaCl, 100 °C, 0.80g/cm³) yielded a modulus of elasticity of 4.59±0.26 GPa, modulus of rupture of 18.88±0.03 MPa, and internal bond strength of 3.92±0.18 MPa, representing increases of 200.32%, 130.65%, and 218.70%, respectively. Thickness swelling decreased to 2.13±0.43% (48.14%) and water absorption to 8.95±0.05% (32.25%). These findings confirm that NaCl treatment is an eco-friendly method to enhance the mechanical strength and moisture resistance of biofiber composites. It also supports the development of high-performance composite boards.
Surface Analysis of Bacterial Cellulose Membrane Made from Biowaste Added with ZnO Nanopowder Amasda, Naufal Rizky; Suryanto, Heru; Yanuhar, Uun; Aminnudin, Aminnudin; Nusantara, Fajar; Sias, Quota Alief
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v9i12025p281

Abstract

Utilization of pineapple biowaste is important to increase the value added to biowaste and solve the environmental problem. So, the study objective is to synthesize membranes of bacterial cellulose made from pineapple biowaste and characterize the surface morphology and porosity of the membrane after being added with ZnO nanopowder. The study starts with extracting biowaste as a bacterial cellulose culture medium for the fermentation process. The obtained pellicle was crushed and homogenized with the added ZnO nanopowder in the presence of ultrasonic waves. The membrane is dried in the oven. The membrane morphology was monitored using scanning electron microscope and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis. Results indicate that surface morphology more rougher in line with increasing ZnO nanopowder content. The control membrane exhibits the highest surface area (36.9605 m²/g) due to its uninterrupted porous network. The addition of ZnO nanopowder at 2.5% significantly reduces the surface area to 2.9168 m²/g, likely due to nanoparticle-induced pore obstruction. As the ZnO nanopowder concentration increases to 5% and 7.5%, the specific surface area rises to 8.0436 m²/g and 13.7783 m²/g, respectively. This trend suggests that higher ZnO nanopowder loading enhances porosity and introduces additional adsorption sites. The control BC membrane exhibits the highest pore volume and well-defined mesoporosity, which are diminished upon the initial addition of ZnO nanopowder.
THE EFFECT OF CRUDE PROTEIN HALIMEDA SP. ON CYPRINUS CARPIO INFECTED KOI HERPES VIRUS ON EXPRESSION OF MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX CLASS-1 Yanuhar, Uun; Wahyuningtyas, Rika
JFMR (Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research) Vol. 1 No. 1 (2017): JFMR
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jfmr.2017.001.01.3

Abstract

Halimeda sp. is a kind species of macroalgae that abundant grow in Indonesia. The utilization of Halimeda especially protein for disease prevention caused by the virus has not been done to the fish. The purpose of the study is to know the  treatment of crude protein Halimeda sp on  Cyprinus carpio infected by Koi Harvest Virus (KHV) on the expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class 1. MHC class-1 is one of the immune adaptive response on fish like this C. carpio. The methods are isolation of crude protein Halimeda sp,   purification  of  crude protein, Haemagglutination (HA) test and dot blot test. The result shows that the crude protein of Halimeda sp. can produce of adaptive immune response like MHC class 1. MHC class-1 has the function of  the immune system for maintenance of virus attacks directly. Responsible of treatment crude protein Halimeda sp. on C. carpio can be showed quantitatively using the dot blot test result. The  conclusion  is the crude protein of Halimeda sp. able to activate the MHC class I and to inhibit the proliferation of the KHV and maintenance of the fish cell of C. carpio..
N-VIVO TEST OF Chlorella vulgaris EXTRACT AS HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS INDUCTION OF CANTANG GROUPER (Ephinephelus fuscoguttatus-lanceolatus) INFECTED BY VIRAL NERVOUS NECROSIS Masitha, Amira; Yanuhar, Uun; Hertika, Asus Maizar Suryanto
JFMR (Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019): JFMR
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jfmr.2019.003.01.3

Abstract

Cantang Grouper fish (Ephinephelus fuscoguttatus-lanceolatus) has a high value both in international and local markets. However, these fishes have decreased production due to viral infection of VNN (Viral Nervous Necrosis). In relation to viral infections, heat shock protein (HSP) inducer derived from C. vulgaris is an effort to be used as an anti-inflammatory agent due to VNN infection. The aim of this research to know the potential of C. vulgaris extracts as an inducer of heat shock protein. The method used in this research is experimental method using in-vivo test treatment of C.vulgaris extracts with of 33 μg/ml in Cantang grouper fish with four treatments that are (A) control fish, (B) fish infected with VNN, (C) fish treated with C. vulgaris extracts, and (D) Fish treated with C. vulgaris extracts  and VNN infection. The results showed that in the phytochemical test, C. vulgaris extracts showed that there are three compounds contained are alkaloids, terpenoids, and tannins. Control fish was labelled using IgG anti Hsp 70 anti-mouse inflammatory response no apparent inflammatory reaction, fish treated with  33 μg/ml of C. vulgaris extracts HSP-70 responses was low inflammatory response, and fish treated with  33 μg/ml of C. vulgaris extract and VNN inflammatory response strengthened and tissue inflammatory response only with VNN infection were very strong. The results showed the treatment of 33 μg/ml of C. vulgaris extracts can inhibit the development of the virus also capable reduced the inflammatory response to Cantang grouper infected by VNN.
In-Vivo Test of Spirulina sp as Inducer of β-Actin In Cantang Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus-lanceolatus) Infected by Viral Nervous Necrosis Irawanto, Yovan Endik; Yanuhar, Uun; Kurniawan, Andi
JFMR (Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research) Vol. 2 No. 3 (2018): JFMR
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jfmr.2018.002.03.11

Abstract

Cantang grouper fish (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus-lanceolatus) is a result of hybridized fish between a female of tiger grouper fish (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) and male of kertang grouper (Ephinephelus lanceolatus). In the development of cultivation, there are many problems, one of them infected with the class of virus Nodaviridae, namely Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN). Fish had a defense against cellular immunity against the VNN virus by β-actin. The aims of this research to explore the crude extract of Spirulina sp as a β-actin inducer for the anti-inflammatory immune system in grouper fish against VNN attack. The method used in this research is experiment methods.  Crude extracts of Spirulina sp (33 μg/ml) were conducted by feeding orally to groupers, and VNN infections were conducted by feeding the already positive VNN meat. Detection of VNN using RT-PCR, however β-actin detection using PCR, and IHC in the organ of Cantang grouper fish. The results showed that the percentage of DAB value of control fish (14.0%), fish treated with Spirulina sp (25.7%), fish treated with VNN (31.9%), and fish treated with Spirulina sp extract and VNN infection (32.4%). The percentage of DAB values were indicated by the detection of the target gene β-actin. Immunity in fish increases with the addition of Spirulina sp. The increased β-actin expression may also be used as an indicator of a grouper's body defense against VNN infection.
Effect of Extracellular Crude Protein (ECP) on expression IL-1, IL-6, IFN- in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Herlina, Cucun; Fadjar, Mohammad; Maftuch, Maftuch; Yanuhar, Uun
Depik Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir, dan Perikanan Vol 14, No 3 (2025): SEPTEMBER 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.14.3.43338

Abstract

Modern strategies incorporate preventive measures such as extracellular products, as soluble proteins with antigenic properties, as well as generating a broad immune response. The aim of research is to determine and analyze the effect of the extracellular product of E. tarda on enhancing the immunity of Nile tilapia (O. niloticus). The research design with treatment durations of d0, 3rd, 6th, 9th day, and control (A, B, C, D, K). ECP vaccination was injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 0.1 ml/fish. The parameters analyzed are the expression of IL-1, IL-6, and IFN-, phagocytic activity, leukocyte differential, total white blood cells, and relative percent survival. The results of phagocytosis activity were highest in treatment C at 84.18% 1.81. The highest leukocyte differential in treatment C was lymphocytes at 56% 2.00, monocytes at 28% 2.00, and 16% 0.00, with a total leukocyte count of 29 x 10^3 cells 2.64, and RPS values ranging from 83.33% to 100% over 9 days of post-vaccination maintenance. Then, post-vaccination, there was an increase in the expression levels of the cytokine genes IL-1 and IL-6, but there was no increase in the expression levels of the IFN- gene compared to the control in Nile tilapia. (O. niloticus).Keywords:ECPIL-1IL-6IFN-Immune Response
Hematological Profile of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as a Bioin-dicator to Evaluate Water Quality of Floating Net Cage Cultivation System in Ranu Grati, Indonesia Alfarisi, Muhammad Asnin; Hertika, Asus Maizar Suryanto; Yanuhar, Uun
Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): JAFH Vol. 14 No. 3 September 2025
Publisher : Department of Aquaculture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jafh.v14i3.75605

Abstract

Ranu Grati is a volcanic lake situated in Grati District, Pasuruan Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The rapid expansion of floating net cage aquaculture in Ranu Grati has raised concerns about water quality deterioration and its impact on fish health. This study aimed to evaluate the hematological profile of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as a bioindicator for assessing water quality in floating net cage cultivation systems. The purpose of this research was to examine the hematological profile of tilapia fish alongside a series of water quality parameter measures as an environmental factor influencing fish life. Sampling was conducted with three repetitions every three weeks from September to November 2024 at five distinct locations, which were deemed representative of each group of floating net cages distributed around the Ranu Grati region. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) approach was utilized to ascertain the relationship between hematological profile of tilapia and water quality. The data analysis indicates that the water quality at Stations 2 and 3 in the research area was somewhat polluted, but Stations 1 and 5 were heavily polluted. The elevated pollution levels at Stations 1 and 5 are attributed to the significant quantity of floating net cages in the vicinity relative to other stations. The investigation indicated that low dissolved oxygen levels and elevated ammonia concentrations impacted the hematological parameters of Tilapia fish. All water quality characteristics influenced the status of leukocytes, erythrocytes, and hemoglobin at moderate quantities. Moreover, micronuclei and hematocrit levels were significantly affected by elevated concentrations of ammonia, temperature, BOD, and pH, whereas DO, TDS, and TSS influenced lower values.
Co-Authors Abdul Rahem Faqih Ach. Khumaidi Adelya Desi Kurniawati Adhitya, Dewa Sukma Trinanda Agus Susilo Alfarisi, Muhammad Asnin Alfi Nur Rusydi Amasda, Naufal Rizky Aminnudin, Aminnudin Amira Baihani Amira Masitha Anasiru, Arief Farhan Kurniawan Andi Kurniawan Andik Isdianto Anggraini, Rifka Rimbi Anisa Millah Taqiyyah Anjasmara, Aang Setyawan Annisa Fitri Anggreini Apri Supii Asep Awaludin Prihanto Asus Maizar Suryanto H Asus Maizar Suryanto Hertika Awalia Oktaviana Baihani, Amira Bili Darnanto Susilo BS, Sumitro Choirul Huda Choirul Huda Cucun Herlina Defa Rizqi Machfuda Diana Arfiati Dwi Retna Kumalaningrum Dyah Kinasih Wuragil Dyah Kinasih Wuragil Dyah Kinasih Wuragil Dyah Tri Rahayu Dyah Wuragil E Ernawati, E Eddy Suprayitno Edi Susilo Ekwan Nofa Wiratno Endang Yuli Herawati Fadjar, Mohammad Fajar Shodiq Fathah, Aulia Lanudia Fauliza, Tifa feri Setiawan Fika Fitrianesia Fitrianesia, Fika Gatot Ciptadi Gede Angga Krishna Fariestha Gian Suryanatha Hartawan Gian Suryanatha Hartawan Gilang Rusrita Aida Gilang Rusrita Aida Gunanti Mahasri Hardoko Hardoko Hartati Kartikaningsih Herlina, Cucun Herly Evanuarini Herly Evanuarini Herly Evanuarini Heru Suryanto Immaria Fransira Indah Wahyuni Abida Irawanto, Yovan Endik Islamy, R Adharyan Ismail, Mahrus Ita Fitria S Jati Batoro Jibril Maulana Kharisma Nuria Fitri Kristiani, Maria Lutfi Ni`'Matus Salamah Lutfia Fahimatul Ilmi MA, Widodo Maftuch ., Maftuch Maftuch Maftuch Maftuch Maftuch Maheno Sri Widodo, Maheno Sri Marsono Marsono Martiningsih, Nur Fauzi-yah Martiningsih, Nur Fauziyah Masitha, Amira Mohammad Bisri Mohammad Fadjar Mohammad Fadjar Mohammad Musa Mufidah, Rhobithotus Muhamad Muhajir Muhammad Faiq Ash Shiddiq Muhammad Musa Muhammad Musa Muhammad Musa Muhammad Musa Muhammad Musa Muhammad Musa Muhammad Musa Muhammad Musa Muhammad Sumsanto Muhammad Sumsanto Musa, Mohammad Nezya Pramudya Wardani Nico Caesar Nico Rahman Caesar Nizery, Sefhanissa Puspa Retno Nur Fauziyah Martiningsih Nur Junirahma Nur Sakinah Junirahma Nusantara, Fajar Osman, Azlin Fazlina Pahlefi, Reval Pradana, Yanuar Rohmat Aji Purwoko, Agus Puspitasari, Intan Dwi Putri, Berlania Mahardika Ramadhanti, Nur Fa'izah Fitri Rifka Rimbi Anggraini Rika Wahyuningtyas Rika Wahyuningtyas Rika Wahyuningtyas, Rika Rizka Rahmana Putri Sanoesi, Ellana Sansi, Delfina Husniya Septi Anitasari, Septi Setyayunita, Tamaryska Shiddiq, Muhammad Faiq Ash Sias, Quota Alief Soelistyoadi, Rachmat Noer Soemarno Soemarno Sri Andayani Sri Andayani Sri Andayani Andayani Sri Rahmaningsih Sri Rahmaningsih Sukarni Sukarni Suprayitno Suprayitno Susilowati, Surya Rachman Taufik Budhi Pramono Taufik Budhi Pramono Teotonio Gomes, Guilherme Tri Djoko Lelono Umi Zakiyah Utari, Inpita Casuarina Eqisetia Wahyudi, Yusuf Arif Wardani, Nezya Pramudya Wuragil, Dyah Kinasih Yenny Risjani Yovan Endik Irawanto Yusuf Arif Wahyudi Yusuf Wahyudi Zainal Abidin