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Japanese Papaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius): An Integrated Biological System with Mechanism-Based Utilization Sedijani, Prapti; Mahrus, Mahrus; Rasmi, Dewa Ayu Citra; Kusmiyati, Kusmiyati; Khaerudin, Khaerudin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.11234

Abstract

Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Japanese papaya or chaya) is a tropical plant from the Euphorbiaceae family known for its high nutritional value and diverse biological activities. Several studies have reported antioxidant, antimicrobial, and other biological properties, suggesting the involvement of complex molecular systems. This article presents a conceptual literature review using a systems biology approach to understand Japanese papaya as an integrated biological system in which nutritional components, secondary metabolites, and enzymatic activities interact. By positioning hydrolytic enzyme systems as the central mechanism, this review discusses the potential utilization of Japanese papaya as a biological resource and as a basis for the development of functional derivative products, including biomolecular hydrolysates. Possible applications in mechanism-based bioconversion processes are also briefly addressed.
Project-Based Learning and Ethno-STEM in Enhancing Science Literacy and Critical Thinking: A Systematic Review Kurniawan, Wardi; Mahrus, Mahrus; Kosim, Kosim
Current Educational Review Vol. 1 No. 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Balai Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56566/cer.v1i4.409

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to examine the trend in the development of studies integrating the approaches of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) and EthnoSTEM to improve critical thinking skills and science literacy among students from 2016 to 2025. The issues identified in this research relate to the development of scientific publications that combine these three approaches and their contribution to enhancing skills relevant to the demands of the 21st century. The method applied is descriptive analysis with a bibliometric approach, using data obtained from Google Scholar, which was then analyzed using Publish or Perish (PoP) software and Dimensions.ai, and visualized using VOSviewer. The analysis results show a significant increase in publications addressing the theme of integrating PjBL, Ethno-STEM, science literacy, and critical thinking, especially after 2020, with the most dominant form of publication being book chapters. The keyword visualization confirms that the main focus of research in modern science education is geared towards the development of innovative learning models, improvement of critical thinking skills, and science literacy. Based on these findings, this research recommends further development of the integration of ethno-STEM and project-based approaches to support the quality of 21st-century learning
THE ECONOMIC ROLE OF WIVES IN ISLAMIC FAMILIES IN BALI: AN ANALYSIS OF AWIG-AWIG FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ASMA BARLAS (A STUDY IN BR. DINAS SAREN JAWA, BUDAKELING VILLAGE, KARANGASEM, BALI) Mahrus, Mahrus
Jurnal Ikhtibar Nusantara Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ikhtibar Nusantara
Publisher : STAI Nusantara Kota Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62901/j-ikhsan.v5i1.434

Abstract

The issue of the dual role played by wives to support the family economy is very important, especially in the Balinese Islamic community in the midst of the dominance of patriarchal culture and customary rules (awig-awig). In the Br. Saren Jawa community in Budakeling Village, Karangasem Regency, Bali, Muslim wives contribute to working to meet the needs of their families, despite having to face negative prejudices and pressure from the social environment. This study aims to further explore the role of wives in helping the family economy among Balinese Islamic society and analyze this role using the perspective of gender thought Asma Barlas who emphasizes the importance of equality and opposes patriarchy.The method used in this study is qualitative with a phenomenological approach. Data was collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The research subjects consist of Muslim wives who work and are active in supporting the family economy. This research also applies an empirical legal approach to explore the influence of customary awigs on the reality of the role of wives in the society.The findings of the study show that the role of wives is not only limited to the domestic sphere, but also reaches the public sector both formally and informally. From Asma Barlas' point of view, the involvement of wives in work is a form of resistance to the patriarchal system that limits women's freedom. The involvement of Muslim wives in Bali is more than just meeting economic needs, but also part of efforts to liberate gender roles. This study concludes that the dual role of wives in Islamic society in Bali reflects social power and change within the framework of balanced Islamic values..
Phylogenetic Analysis of Groupers at Labuhan Lombok Based on CO1 Gene Ramdhani, Baiq Endang Kurnia; Mahrus, Mahrus; Zulkifli, Lalu
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11854

Abstract

Groupers (family Serranidae) are high-value reef fish that are often prone to misidentification due to their morphological similarities. This research examined the phylogenetic relationships of grouper species landed at the Pondok Sampan Fish Landing Site in Labuhan Lombok using the Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (CO1) gene. One specific sample (K5) was analyzed to verify its taxonomic status. DNA isolation was performed through the CTAB technique, followed by PCR amplification and sequencing. Morphological identification initially suggested the sample belonged to the genus Epinephelus. However, molecular results showed that K5 is Aethaloperca rogaa (100% similarity). The phylogenetic analysis was conducted using the Neighbor-Joining approach with 10,000 bootstrap iterations and the Kimura 2-Parameter model in MEGA XI, which placed the specimen within a monophyletic group alongside A. rogaa sequences from Egypt, showing a genetic distance of 0.00. The nucleotide composition (T: 29.8%, C: 27.3%, A: 25.5%, G: 17.4%) was identical to the reference sequence, confirming the anti-G bias typical of teleost mitochondrial DNA. This research illustrates the critical importance of DNA barcoding to correct morphology-based misclassifications. It emphasizes the need for genetic confirmation in fisheries diversity evaluations and in the sustainable management of grouper populations across the Indo-Pacific.