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Developing Subak Capacity in Facing the Challenges of Modern Agriculture and Climate Change in Bali I Putu Edi Rusmana
Bali Membangun Bali: Jurnal Bappeda Litbang Vol 6 No 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Daerah Provinsi Bali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51172/jbmb.v6i1.423

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the challenges faced by the traditional Subak irrigation system in Bali in facing the development of modern agriculture and the impacts of climate change, and to identify strategies that can be used to overcome these challenges. Research methods: The research method used is a qualitative normative approach with analysis of literature, policy documents, and relevant secondary data. This study also involves a descriptive-evaluative approach to describe the condition of Subak and the potential and constraints it faces. Results and discussion: Subak needs to adopt modern agricultural technology that is in accordance with local wisdom values, as well as increase the capacity for adaptation to climate change through adjustments to cropping patterns, application of environmentally friendly technology, and strengthening institutions. Implication: The implication of this study is the need for comprehensive policy support and ongoing education for farmers to ensure the sustainability of Subak as a traditional irrigation system that is able to face the challenges of modernization and climate change, so that it continues to play a role as the main foundation of agriculture in Bali.
The Legal Configuration of Foreign Tourist Levies as an Instrument for Sustainable Tourism in Bali Abhiseka, I Gede Druvananda; Virlan Awanadi, I Gusti Agung; Wibawa Putra, Komang Satria; Edi Rusmana, I Putu; Syahnakri , Muhammad
Jurnal Kajian Pembaruan Hukum Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): January-June
Publisher : University of Jember, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jkph.v6i1.53706

Abstract

This study aims to analyse the implementation mechanism of the foreign tourist levy policy in Bali Province, compare Bali’s foreign tourist levy policy with similar policies in other countries, and examine strategies to optimise the policy to support sustainable tourism governance. This study employs normative legal research using statutory and comparative approaches. Legal materials were obtained through library research, consisting of legislation, academic journals, books, and relevant policy documents. The findings demonstrate that the implementation of the foreign tourist levy in Bali is supported by a strong legal foundation, including Law Number 15 of 2023 concerning Bali Province, Bali Provincial Regulation Number 6 of 2023, and Bali Governor Regulation Number 36 of 2023. The levy mechanism is implemented through an integrated digital payment system at the main entry points for foreign tourists, with funds allocated specifically to protect Balinese culture and the natural environment. Comparatively, Bali’s foreign tourist levy policy is similar to practices in Bhutan, Japan, Italy (Venice), and the Maldives, particularly in sustainable tourism principles, digitalised payment systems, and conservation-oriented fund management. Nevertheless, Bali possesses distinctive characteristics through the integration of local wisdom values and the active participation of indigenous communities in policy implementation. The optimisation strategy for the foreign tourist levy policy in Bali should therefore focus on regulatory harmonisation, transparent digital governance, institutional strengthening, and indigenous community participation. This study offers novelty by positioning the foreign tourist levy as an integrated legal governance mechanism that combines sustainable tourism principles, local wisdom, and digital governance within the framework of Bali’s regional autonomy. Accordingly, the policy functions not merely as a regional fiscal instrument but also as a legal instrument to promote culture-based and environmentally sustainable tourism governance.
Co-Authors AAA. Ngurah Tini Rusmini Gorda Aldo Rajendra Zufar Wahyu Aryaputra Anak Agung Ayu Intan Puspadewi Anak Agung Ayu Ngurah Tini Rusmini Gorda Anggatari, Kadek Ayu Virna Sri Antari, Putu Eva Ditayani Ari Rama, Bagus Gede Awanadi, I Gusti Agung Virlan Bagus Gede Ari Rama Bagus Gede Ari Rama Budiana, I Nyoman Dewa Ayu Putri Sukadana Fauzi, Shellby Sabrina Febriansyah Ramadhan Febriansyah Ramadhan I Gede Druvananda Abhiseka I Gede Druvananda Abhiseka I Gede Gana Palguna Winayaka I Gede Sadia Dwi Ratmaja I Gusti Agung Kiddy Zulkarnain I Gusti Agung Virlan Awanadi I Gusti Ayu Eviani Yuliantari I Gusti Ayu Eviani Yuliantri I Gusti Bagus Yudas Swastika I Gusti Ngurah Agung Dwi Putrawan I Made Fajar Pradnyana I Made Minggu Widyantara I Made Sudirga I Made Wiray Darma I Made Wirya Darma I Nyoman Wira Kusuma I Wayan Suderana Juliani, Kadek Eni Kadek Indra Dewan Tara Kadek Januarsa Adi Sudharma Kadek Julia Mahadewi Kadek Julia Mahadewi Ketut Arya Amanta Wiguna Komang Anisya Susiladevi Made Sinthia Sukmayanti Made Sinthia Sukmayanti Made Sinthia Sukmayanti Michael Stefanus Subnafeu Ni Kadek Mudita Sari Ni Ketut Sephira Gracia Ni Komang Diah Afsari Devi Ni Nyoman Juwita Arsawati Ni Nyoman Juwita Arswati Ni Nyoman Juwita Asawati Ni Putu Ega Maha Wiryanthi Ni Putu Gita Dewi Naraswari Putri Sumartono Ni Putu Sawitri Nandari Ni Putu Sawitri Nandari Novelin, Tania Prasada, Dewa Krisna Putra, Komang Satria Wibawa Putu Suryani . Putu Wahyu Widiartana Rafika Amalia Rafika Amalia Rama, Bagus Gede Ari Ricko Chandra Halim Satrio Wahyu Sri Pamungkas Sindy Tjotjomare Sukadana, Dewa Ayu Putri Sulistiya Zilpana Syahnakri , Muhammad Triwulandari, I Gusti Agung Ayu Mas Usrinase, Yulius Virlan Awanadi, I Gusti Agung Wijaya, Made Rada Pradnyadari Zulkarnain, I Gusti Agung Kiddy Krsna