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Saepudin, Asep
Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Muhammadiyah Cileungsi
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Journal : Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah

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The Progressiveness of Sharia Economic Fatwas: Direction of Islamic Legal Thoughts within NU and Muhammadiyah Arsadani, Qosim; Djamil, Fathurrahman; Jahar, Asep Saepudin; Sholeh, M. Asrorun Niam
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol. 24 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v24i1.37775

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the Islamic legal thoughts of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah concerning Islamic economics in Indonesia. The research is based on fatwa documents from Lembaga Bahtsul Masail NU  and  Majelis Tarjih Muhammadiyah from 2000 to 2019. This study found that the method of ijtihād used by NU has shifted from a textual-conservative (qawlī) approach to a contextual-progressive and methodological (manhajī) approach. Meanwhile, the method of ijtihād used by Muhammadiyah is characterized as progressive-dynamic, employing three approaches: bayani, taḥlīlī, and istiṣlāḥī. The decisions of LBM NU in Islamic economics predominantly use the qawlī method, followed by the ilḥaqī method, and subsequently, the manhajī method. The qawlī method is most frequently used because it adheres to the procedural stages of NU's traditionalist pattern, where every legal issue is ideally referenced to authoritative madhhab books. If the issue cannot be resolved using the qawlī method, the ilḥāqī and manhajī methods are employed. This indicates that the manhajī method is used when the qawlī and ilḥaqī methods cannot provide a legal answer. On the other hand, Muhammadiyah's MT method in Islamic economics has evolved. Initially, the tarjīḥ methodology was monodisciplinary, referring issues back to the Quran and the Sunnah. Subsequently, the tarjīḥ methodology became monodisciplinary-pretextual by employing various methods. Eventually, the tarjīḥ methodology became multidisciplinary regarding methods, approaches, and techniques. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemikiran hukum Islam Nahdlatul Ulama dan Muhammadiyah tentang ekonomi Islam Indonesia. Penelitian ini bersumber dari dokumen fatwa-fatwa Lembaga Bahtsul Masail (LBM) NU dan Mejelis Tarjih (MT) Muhammadiyah selama periode 2000-2019. Studi ini menemukan bahwa metode ijtihad NU mengalami pergeseran yang awalnya bersifat tekstual-konservatif (qawlī) berubah menjadi kontekstual-progresif dan metodologis (manhajī). Sementara itu, metode ijtihad MT Muhammadiyah bersifat progresif-dinamis dengan tiga pendekatan; bayānī, taḥlilī, dan istiṣlāḥī. Keputusan LBM NU dalam ekonomi Islam lebih banyak menggunakan metode qawlī, disusul oleh metode ilḥāqī, dan selanjutnya metode manhajī. Metode qawlī paling sering digunakan karena mengacu pada tahapan prosedur pola bermazhab NU, dimana setiap persoalan hukum sedapat mungkin merujuk pada kitab-kitab otoritatif mazhab. Jika tidak dapat diselesaikan dengan metode qawlī, maka digunakan metode ilḥāq dan metode manhajī. Ini artinya, metode manhajī digunakan dalam kondisi metode qawlī dan ilḥāq sudah tidak mampu memberikan jawaban hukum. Di sisi lain, metode MT Muhammadiyah dalam ekonomi Islam mengalami evolusi. Pada awalnya, manhaj tarjih bersifat monodisiplin dengan mengembalikan persoalan-persoalan umat kepada al-Quran dan al-Sunnah. Manhaj al-tarjīḥ bersifat monodisiplin-pratekstual dengan menggunakan sejumlah metode. Kemudian, manhaj al-tarjīḥ menjadi multidisiplin baik dari aspek metode, pendekatan, dan teknik.
Co-Authors Ace Suryadi Achmad Hufad Adhha, Nurul Ahmad Faqih Aji Setiawan Ali Hamzah Anisa, Risma Nur Apriani, Tasia ardhayaguna, Daffa Nur Ari Bramasto Aris Setiawan Arsadani, Qosim Asep Dharmanto Aswin Domodite Aswin Domodite Avrilliany, Eka Awang Surya Awang Surya Ayi Astuti Ayubia, Putri Nayla Az Zahra, Puti Babang Robandi Badriatin, Tine Bambang Yulianto Bayu Wijayanto Bidayati, Kholis Ce Gunawan Cucu Sukmana, Cucu Dean Subhan Saleh Deni Deni Dharmanto, Asep Djohan Djohan Domodite, Aswin Elih Sudiapermana, Elih Fahira, Salma Fahmi Abdillah, Ahmad Fahri, Muhamad Fathurrahman Djamil Fauzi Ramdani Fitriaji, Abdul Azis Gifthera Dwilestari Hanim, Faridah Hardiyanto, Wawan Hasanah, Viena Rusmiati Hazmi, Raju Moh Hengky_agus, khurotul_aini Hilman Sholih Hilman Sholih Hilman Sholih Ihat Hatimah Ihrom Jaelani Iip Saripah, Iip Jaelani Syurdiansyah Jajat S Ardiwinata, Jajat S Jakaria Jakaria Kartanegara, Haruman Taufik Khoidul Umam Khopipah, Tsania Siti Lubis, Amany B. Lucky Radi Rinandiyana Madinah, Dzahra Al Makhsun, Makhsun Masingboon, Khemaradee Masitoh, Noneng Maspupah, Siti Mobo, Froilan Delute Mohamad Anas Sobarnas Muhammad Amin Suma Muizzudin, Moh Mustofa Kamil, Mustofa Muzaki, Kiki Adnan Nugroho, Aji Santoso Nurfadhilla, Mursyida nurhamim, nurhamim Nursahidin Nursahidin, Nursahidin NURUL HAYATI Ockativian, Rizky Ferari Permana, Elih Sudia Pracoyo, Wisnu Pradessa, Steven Getha Prahara, Rahma Sandhi Pramudia, Joni Rahmat Priana, Pajar Purnomo Purnomo Rachman, Ditto Saepoel Raharja Rahman, Amelia Fauziyah Rahmanda, Gita Astyka Rahmat Pangestu, Rahmat Rajessa, Ray Virana Rian Setiawan Rindiani, Ani Rosmia, Ade Romi Rudi Indrawan Sahara, Ari Sardin Satoto, Angga Bimo Sholeh, M. Asrorun Niam Sholih, Hilman Siswati Siswati Solihah, Eneng Sri Dewi Anggadini Sriyono Sriyono Subuh, Subuh Sunardi, Stanislaus Supriatna, Dede Ahmad Surtikanti Surtikanti Suryadi Suryadi Suryadi Sutisna, Rizki Entis Taswanda Taryo Tati Ruhmawati Umar Tsani Abdurrahman Upay Ripa’I Uyu Wahyudin Wahyudi, Kristanto Wahyudi, Uyu Widyastuti, Ipuk Wilarso, Wilarso Wisnu Pracoyo Yahya, Faridah Hanim Yanti Shantini, Yanti Yasin, Yuli Yusmanto Yusmanto