Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Implementation of the Qardh Agreement on the Financial Technology Lending Platform in the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) in Indonesia Muhammad Irkham Firdaus; M. Akhlis Azamuddin Tifani; Sri Firda Rahmi Aliya Putri; Zulfikri Zulfikri
AL- IKTISAB Journal of Islamic Economic Law Vol 6, No 1 (2022): Al-Iktisab: Journal of Islamic Economic Law
Publisher : University of Darusssalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/al-iktisab.v6i1.7774

Abstract

Financial technology is a new financial innovation that has an important role in the development of the national economy. The convenience offered is the main attraction among the people. besides that it also has a very high impact on the development of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME). However, the system applied is the same as the conventional financial system, such as the interest system on online loans. Although innovative and helpful, the interest system applied is the same as a loan from a loan shark, where the interest given is very burdensome. So in this study, we discuss the implementation of qardh contracts on the financial technology lending platform, and how it affects the development of SME. This type of research is library research, which is research conducted by collecting data from various literature books, journals, website writings, magazines, laws, fatwas, or from various writings. The approach used in this research is qualitative, where the research procedure uses descriptive data in the form of written words. The researcher will explain the terms and elements that must be met in implementing the qardh contract on the peer to peer lending platform. The result is, the implementation of qardh contracts on financial technology lending platforms should avoid the various elements namely riba, gharar, maysir, tadlis, dharar, zhulm, and haram. If in practice all these elements are avoided, it will facilitate all actors of SME. Where the perpetrator will not be stuck in huge debt because of interest, and avoid ambiguity and fraud that will be to the detriment of one party. In addition, the existence of the qardh contract based financial technology loan platform will make it easier for SME actors to obtain loans or capital to develop their SME.Financial technology (fintech) merupakan inovasi keuangan baru yang memiliki peran penting dalam pembangunan perekonomian nasional. Kenyamanan yang ditawarkan menjadi daya tarik tersendiri bagi masyarakat. selain itu juga berdampak sangat tinggi terhadap perkembangan Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM). Namun sistem yang diterapkan sama dengan sistem keuangan konvensional, seperti sistem bunga pinjaman online. Meski inovatif dan membantu, sistem bunga yang diterapkan sama seperti pinjaman dari rentenir, di mana bunga yang diberikan sangat memberatkan. Maka dalam penelitian ini, kami membahas implementasi akad qardh pada platform fintech lending, dan bagaimana pengaruhnya terhadap perkembangan UKM. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan, yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data dari berbagai literatur buku, jurnal, tulisan website, majalah, undang-undang, fatwa, atau dari berbagai tulisan. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, dimana prosedur penelitian menggunakan data deskriptif berupa kata-kata tertulis. Peneliti akan menjelaskan syarat dan unsur yang harus dipenuhi dalam pelaksanaan akad qardh pada platform peer to peer lending. Hasilnya, pelaksanaan akad qardh pada platform fintech lending harus menghindari berbagai unsur yakni riba, gharar, maysir, tadlis, dharar, zhulm, dan haram. Jika dalam praktiknya semua elemen tersebut dihindari, maka akan memudahkan semua pelaku UKM. Di mana pelaku tidak akan terjerat hutang yang besar karena bunga, serta terhindar dari kerancuan dan penipuan yang akan merugikan salah satu pihak. Selain itu, dengan adanya platform pinjaman fintech berbasis akad qardh akan semakin memudahkan para pelaku UKM untuk mendapatkan pinjaman atau modal untuk mengembangkan UKM-nya.
The Concept of Minimum Wage for Workers in Law No. 11/2020 in the Perspective of Fiqh Muamalah Teguh Eka Prasetya; Saipul Nasution; Muhammad Irkham Firdaus; Muhammad Fakhri Rasyadi
AL- IKTISAB Journal of Islamic Economic Law Vol 6, No 1 (2022): Al-Iktisab: Journal of Islamic Economic Law
Publisher : University of Darusssalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/al-iktisab.v6i1.7554

Abstract

Law No. 11/2020 on Copyright of Works is a change from Law No. 13/2003 on Employment. The law was passed in 2020. In its ratification, many employees disagreed with some of the articles contained in the law, one of them is Article 89 Paragraph (1) which discusses the minimum wage. Employees do not agree with this article because of the change of the provincial minimum wage to the provincial minimum wage and the district/city minimum wage. It is feared that changes in the minimum wage will create injustice between workers and employers. The purpose of this research is to know and analyze the concept of minimum wage of employees working in Law No. 11/2020 which is guided by fiqh muamalah. The method used in this research is a kind of normative juridical study or literature by taking a statutory and conceptual approach in fiqh muamalah by examining documents through some data to analyze the concept of minimum wage of employees in Law No. 11/2020. The result is that in determining the size of the minimum wage based on employee welfare, Law No. 11/2020 does not correspond to what is described in fiqh muamalah. The researcher suggest that the data used in determining the minimum wage based only on economic growth and inflation must be conditional. Because basically, not all employees can meet their basic needs by setting such a minimum wage.UU No. 11/2020 tentang Cipta Kerja merupakan perubahan dari UU No. 13/2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan. Undang-undang tersebut disahkan pada tahun 2020. Dalam pengesahannya, banyak tenaga kerja yang tidak setuju dengan beberapa pasal yang terdapat dalam undang-undang tersebut, salah satunya adalah Pasal 89 Ayat (1) yang membahas tentang upah minimum. Tenaga kerja tidak setuju dengan pasal ini karena adanya perubahan upah minimum provinsi menjadi upah minimum provinsi dan upah minimum kabupaten/kota. Perubahan upah minimum dikhawatirkan akan menimbulkan ketidakadilan antara tenaga kerja dan pengusaha. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis konsep upah minimum tenaga kerja yang bekerja dalam UU No. 11/2020 yang berpedoman pada fiqh muamalah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis studi yuridis normatif atau kepustakaan dengan mengambil pendekatan hukum dan konseptual dalam fiqh muamalah dengan menelaah dokumen melalui beberapa data untuk menganalisis konsep upah minimum tenaga kerja dalam UU No. 11/2020. Hasilnya adalah, dalam penentuan besaran upah minimum berdasarkan kesejahteraan tenaga kerja, UU No 11/2020 tidak sesuai dengan apa yang dijelaskan dalam fiqh muamalah. Peneliti menyarankan agar data yang digunakan dalam penentuan upah minimum hanya berdasarkan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan inflasi harus bersyarat. Karena pada dasarnya tidak semua tenaga kerja dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dasarnya dengan menetapkan upah minimum tersebut.
Pandangan Bisnis Syariah Terhadap Perkembangan Financial Technology (Study Kasus Fitur Serbu Seru dalam Aplikasi Bukalapak) Annas Syams Rizal Fahmi; Devid Frastiawan Amir Sup; Muhammad Irkham Firdaus; Fadhila Sukur Indra; Meitria Cahyani
Proceedings Series on Social Sciences & Humanities Vol. 5 (2022): Proceedings of Sharia Economic Law Faculty of Islamic Religion Universitas Muhammadiy
Publisher : UM Purwokerto Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/pssh.v5i.421

Abstract

The phenomenon of buying and selling online through various features that place lower prices attracts buyers. The low price outside the normal price makes the people who see it interested in joining the program on Bukalapak's exciting attack feature. There is a lack of clarity in the terms of the contract and its implementation in the purchase of an item in the Bukalapak attack feature, it is stated that the initial contract is a sale and purchase contract but the item is drawn to get the winner of the item. So it is necessary to conduct research to discuss the analysis of the contract on this transaction. This study aims to determine the contract used for the online buying and selling transaction model of the Bukalapak attack feature. This research is qualitative in nature, with a descriptive analytical approach. This type of research is a library (library research) with the method of textbook analysis and literature study. The results of this study indicate that the pillars of buying and selling have fulfilled the elements in the sale and purchase contract. However, there are defects in the Kabul agreement, namely different payment times, the delivery of goods to buyers is not on time. The time is different because the sale and purchase agreement was originally a unidan system so buyers were randomly selected.
Correlation of The Concept of Property Rights in Islamic Law and KUHPerdata Muhammad Irkham Firdaus
Az-Zarqa': Jurnal Hukum Bisnis Islam Vol 14, No 1 (2022): Az-Zarqa'
Publisher : Sharia and Law Faculty of Sunan Kalijaga Islamic State University Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/azzarqa.v14i1.2569

Abstract

Abstract: The nature of property rights to an object in Islam is absolute belongs to Allah, human ownership is only majazi. It is different from the concept of property rights in KUHPerdata, that property rights are control over an object and take advantage of the object. However, the concept of property rights according to Islamic law and KUHPerdata has a very significant correlation. As in the causes and mechanisms of obtaining ownership rights in KUHPerdata, which must go through claims that are in line with the concept of Ihrazul Mubahat (creating permissibility) in Islam. Because the ownership of Participation/Attachment is in line with the concept of At-Tawalud min al-mamluk (with increase or birth). The concept of past time/expiration is in harmony with Al-Uqud (Testament). The concept of inheritance is in line with Al-Khalafiyat (Replacement) or the concept of inheritance. While the concept of surrender is in line with the concept of ownership in Islam, namely al-muhabat. Istila 'al-muhabat or the way of ownership through control of property. The correlation of property rights in Islamic law and KUHPerdata can also be proven by the arguments in the Qur'an and Hadith, so that it can strengthen the belief of the Muslim community to comply with the ownership rights laws listed in KUHPerdata.Abstrak: Hakekat hak milik terhadap suatu benda dalam Islam adalah mutlak milik Allah, kepemilikan manusia hanya bersifat majazi. Berbeda dengan konsep hak milik dalam KUHPerdata, bahwa hak milik adalah penguasaan terhadap suatu benda dan mengambil manfaat dari benda tersebut. Akan tetapi konsep hak milik menurut hukum Islam dan KUHPerdata memiliki kolerasi yang sangat signifikan. Sebagaimana dalam sebab dan mekanisme memperoleh hak kepemilikan pada KUHPerdata yang harus melalui pendakuan selaras dengan konsep Ihrazul Mubahat (menimbulkan kebolehan) dalam Islam. Sebab kepemilikan  Ikutan/Perlekatan selaras dengan konsep At-Tawallud min al-mamluk (dengan pertambahan atau kelahiran). Konsep lampaunya waktu/daluwarsa selaras dengan Al-Uqud (Perjanjian). Konsep pewarisan selaras dengan Al-Khalafiyat (Penggantian) atau konsep waris. Sedangkan konsep penyerahan selaras dengan konsep kepemilikan dalam Islam, yaitu al-muhabat. Istila’ al-muhabat atau cara kepemilikan melalui penguasaan terhadap harta. Kolerasi hak milik dalam hukum Islam dan KUPerdata tersebut juga dapat dibuktikan dengan dalil-dalil dalam Al-Qur’an dan Hadist, sehingga dapat meperkuat keyakinan masyarakat muslim untuk mematuhi udang-undang hak kepemilikan yang tercantum dalam KUHPerdata. 
Implementation of Murabahah Agreement on Peer to Peer Lending Platform Muhammad Irkham Firdaus; Haerul Akmal; Setiawan bin Lahuri
ISLAMICONOMIC: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam Vol 12, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (LP2M) Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1312.023 KB) | DOI: 10.32678/ijei.v12i2.249

Abstract

ABSTRACTPeer to Peer Lending is the best solution for MSME entrepreneurs, so the development of start-up is very fast. Ease in the mechanism offered is a major factor in accelerating the growth of the start-up. So that, it makes to began for developing several Peer to Peer Lending platforms in Indonesia. But, the system used is still based on the conventional economic system, which still takes advantage of the interest system while interest is strictly prohibited in Islam. Interest in Islamic Economics is analogous as usury. Whereas in fiqh muamalah, lawful transactions are transactions that are independent of the maghrib elements (maisyir, gharar, and usur). So that, the Peer to Peer Lending transaction is independent of the maghrib elements, the researcher will create a Peer to Peer Lending design that is in accordance with Islamic economic principles, by implementing the murabahah contract on the Peer to Peer Lending transaction. So, the benefits taken do not use the usury system.
CRITICISM ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INDONESIA'S ECONOMIC CRIMINAL POLICY IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC LAW Muhammad Irkham Firdaus
Jurnal Cendekia Hukum Vol 8, No 1 (2022): JCH (JURNAL CENDEKIA HUKUM)
Publisher : STIH Putri Maharaja

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33760/jch.v8i1.570

Abstract

Economic crime rates tend to be high and generate large losses every year, because one of the biggest factors is the ineffective economic crime policy in providing deterrent and firmness to the perpetrators. Economic crime policies play an important role in creating public welfare, if the economic crime rate is high, it means that the welfare of the community has not been created optimally, so there needs to be efforts to review and fix these criminal policies. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of Indonesia's criminal policy in the perspective of Islamic law, as well as to criticize the economic criminal policy in Indonesia. This research explores data sources from various data on the facts of crimes that occur in Indonesia, which are then analyzed by qualitative methods from the point of view of Islamic law. The results of this research show that economic crime policies have not been effective in tackling economic crimes, because they do not provide a deterrent effect for perpetrators of economic crimes. Whereas in Islam, the prevention of economic crime is divided into two categories, namely jarimah hudud and jarimah ta'zir. Sanctions applied in Islamic law are more of a deterrent effect, because sanctions for serious economic crimes have been determined directly by Allah SWT, then economic criminal policies in Indonesia tend not to achieve their essential goals, namely welfare and social protection for the community, this happens because there are shortcomings in the three stages of implementing economic criminal policies in Indonesia, namely the legislative stage, judicial stage, and executive stage. It is necessary to make a new formulation in the economic criminal policy in Indonesia, namely by specifying the sanctions that will be received by the perpetrators of criminal acts with the sanctions stated in Islamic law, from the point of view of the deterrent effect and the consequences received by the perpetrators.
Analisis Asas Itikad Baik Dalam Jual Beli Online Berbasis COD (Cash on Delivery) May Shinta Retnowati; Namira Muthia Rosalina; Devid Frastiawan Amir Sup; Muhammad Irkham Firdaus; Mohammad Syifa Urrosyidin
Alhamra Jurnal Studi Islam Alhamra, Volume 3, No. 1, Februari 2022
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1042.327 KB) | DOI: 10.30595/ajsi.v3i1.11867

Abstract

Sistem baru jual beli online yang lebih digemari di kalangan masyarakat adalah COD (Cash on Delivery). Akan tetapi dalam pelaksanaan jual beli secara online berbasis COD tidak semuanya sah secara hukum dikarenakan beberapa pelaku usaha gemar melakukan penipuan atau pemalsuan informasi, salah satunya adalah ketidaksesuaian informasi barang dengan bentuk barang yang diterima. Penelitian ini membahas tentang jual beli online dan implementasi asas itikad baik di dalam suatu transaksi jual beli online, dengan tujuan untuk memahamkan asas itikad baik kepada masyarakat luas dalam pengaplikasiannya pada transaksi jual beli online. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwasanya pengimplementasian asas itikad baik di dalam transaksi jual beli online dapat diterapkan oleh penjual dengan cara memberikan informasi tentang barang yang dijualnya dengan jujur, dan pembeli dengan cara membayarkan sejumlah uang sesuai dengan kesepakatan di awal perjanjian, sehingga keduanya akan sama-sama diuntungkan oleh transaksi ini. Selain itu penting untuk marketplace  agar memperbaiki sistem  yang digunakannya untuk menjadi situs web jual beli online sebagai salah satu bukti itikad baik yang ditujukan kepada pelaku usaha dan pembeli. Maka perlu bagi marketplace, pelaku usaha, dan juga pembeli untuk menerapkan asas itikad baik sehingga tidak ada pihak yang mungkin akan dirugikan.
Shariah Perspective on Investing in Islamic Capital Market: A Qualitative Study Muhammad Irkham Firdaus; Mufti Fitiyani
Journal of Islamic Economic and Business Research Vol. 2 No. 1: June 2022
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jiebr.v2i1.45

Abstract

The capital market is one indicator of economic growth in a country. The capital market development is currently very fast as an alternative to investment for investors. Sharia capital market activities do not conflict with sharia principles in the capital market. The Islamic capital market is universal and can be used by anyone regardless of ethnic background, religion, and race. This study aims to find out how sharia investment benefits elements in the world and in the hereafter, will become the main priority. Therefore, the investment is long-term. Islamic law strongly supports investment activities in the Islamic capital market because it contains the basis of Islamic law referred from the Qur'an, Hadith, Fiqh and the opinions of scholars.
Relevansi Pemikiran Ibnu Khaldun Dengan Teori Supply dan Demand Ekonomi Barat Muhammad Irkham Firdaus Firdaus; Aang Asari
El-Iqtishod: Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Vol 6 No 2 (2022): Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah EL-IQTISHOD
Publisher : Program Studi Ekonomi Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Pasar, negara, orang, dan masyarakat secara konsisten telah menjadi topik pembicaraan hangat dalam masalah keuangan. Aktivitas pasar akan dikendalikan oleh beberapa variabel, langsung dari biaya , minat pasar, dispersi dan spesialisasi pekerja, yang bila faktor-faktor di atas dijalankan oleh standar di negara tersebut. Artinya, perekonomian di negara ini akan stabil. Perekonomian negara yang besar didorong oleh sistem pasar yang menjaga peluang dan pemerataan, sehingga pasar bebas dan adil. Sepanjang keberadaan masalah keuangan di planet ini, beberapa analis bisnis Islam dan tradisional telah muncul yang mengangkat topik studi tentang sistem pasar, seperti Ibn Khaldun dan Adam Smith. Ibn Khaldun berkonsentrasi pada masalah moneter dengan melihat penyebabnya secara eksperimental, membandingkannya, dan kemudian menyimpulkan hukum yang menjelaskan keajaiban ini. Dengan cara ini ia dapat dikenal sebagai pencetus aspek keuangan utama. Sekitar empat abad setelah kematian Ibn Khaldun, para peneliti Eropa menerapkan teknik serupa. Orang yang melakukannya adalah Adam Smith.
Kajian Filsafat Hukum Islam (Tafsir dan Ijtihad Sebagai Alat Metodologi Pengalian Hukum Islam) Muhammad Irkham Firdaus; Selvia Namira Ahmad; Yashinta Aulia Santoso Putro
Al-Thiqah : Jurnal Ilmu Keislaman Vol 5 No 2 (2022): Oktober
Publisher : LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ushuluddin Darussalam Bangkalan Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56594/althiqah.v5i2.71

Abstract

Dalam kajian filsafat agama Islam tentang pendekatan, ketika seseorang mengerjakan suatu amal ibadah tidak akan merasa kekeringan dan kebosanan, semakin mampu mengenali makna filosofis dari suatu ajaran agama maka semakin meningkat pula sikap penghayatan dan daya spiritual yang dimiliki seseorang. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian Kepustakaan dan pendekatan kualitatif yang dimana data bersumber dari buku buku dan jurnal kemudian dikelola dengan kata kata deskriptif. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana filsafat hukum Islam mengambil penggalian hukum Islam dengan 2 alat metodologi yaitu tafsir dan ijtihad. Hasil dari penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa tafsir dan ijtihad dapat dikatakan alat metodologi penggalian hukum Islam apabila kejadian sesuai dengan perkembanagan zaman.
Co-Authors Aang Asari Aang Asari Aang Asari Aang Asari Abdul, Muhammad Adityo P, Satrio Pamungkas Aisyah, Lisda Alafianta, Novan Fatchu Aliyya Lathifa Daniswara Angelicha, Windy Angger Raafiu Annas Syams Rizal Fahmi Annas Syams Rizal Fahmi Aqil Mu’tashim Bilhaq Arif Dian Santoso Asari, Aang Averro, Muhammad Faruq Azidni Rofiqa Aziz, Faiz Mustafa Bambang Setyo Utomo Bilhaq, Aqil Mu'tasim Bilhaq, Aqil Mutashim Bilhaq, Aqil Mu’tashim Dakum Dakum Dakum, Dakum Daniswara, Aliyya Lathifa Daud Sukoco Deki Ridho Adi Anggara Devid Frastiawan Amir Sup Elsyafa, Thoriq Izza Fadhila Sukur Indra Fajar Satriyawan Wahyudi Fajar Satriyawan Wahyudi Faridl Noor Hilal Farroby, Muhammad Husayn Fathin Nur Ihsan, Muhammad Fauzi Alfatoni Friska Setiya Pamungkas Galih Istiningsih, Galih habrianto, Aulia Dian S Haerul Akmal Hisyam Hawari, Muhammadudy Ihsan Hudiana Jaya Sahputra M. Akhlis Azamuddin Tifani Maharani Pradnya Paramita Meitria Cahyani Milenia Ayu Saraswati Mohammad Ghozali Mohammad Ghozali, Mohammad Mohammad Syifaurrosyidin Mufti Fitiyani Muhammad Abdul Aziz Muhammad Abdul Aziz Muhammad Fakhri Rasyadi Muhammad Faruq Averro Muhammad Syaifuddin Muhammad, Emyr Naifah, Nurjihan Naini, In’amul Fadholis Namira Muthia Rosalina Nasution, Saiful Naufal, Muhammad Hilmi Nuarisa, Risma Hafida Nurwati Nurwati Nurwati Nurwati Pradhana, Theo Aditya Prasetya, Teguh Eka Puti Aqilla Asary Arief Putri Amimah Nurfaidah Putri, Sri Firda Rahmi Aliya Ramadhan, Ahmad Fathullah Rasyadi, Muhammad Fakhri Restu Hilwani Azra Retnowati, May Shinta Reyhan, Muhammad Rif'at Husnul Ma'afi Rofiqa, Azidni Rohmatul Laily Al Faiqoh Royyan Firdaus Rusandi Noor Saefudin Saefudin Sahputra, Jaya Saiful Nasution Saipul Nasution Salwa Fuadia Saputri, Anggi Martiningtyas Januwati Sasongko, Yogi Banar Sa’diah, Zulfatus Selvia Namira Ahmad Septrianto, Wahyu Shinta, May Slamat, Muhammad Arsyad Sri Firda Rahmi Aliya Putri Sujiat Zubaidi Teguh Eka Prasetya Theo Aditya Pradhana Theo Aditya Pradhana Theo Aditya Pradhana Theo Aditya Pradhana Tifani, M. Akhlis Azamuddin Wahyu, Khuza Tri Wahyudi, Fajar Satriyawan Wildan Taqiyuddin Yashinta Aulia Santoso Putro Yusuf Alayda Hafidz Zannuba, Yeni Zulfatus Sa�diah Zulfatus Sa’diah Zulfikar Yahya Anhar Zulfikar, Ryan Zulfikri Zulfikri Zulfikri Zulfikri, Zulfikri