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The Influence of Seed Biopriming with Rhizobacteria on The Control of Black Rot Disease by Xanthomonas campestris Pathogens Rahman, Fakih Nur; Aini, Luqman Qurata; Syib`li, Muhammad Akhid
Research Journal of Life Science Vol 10, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.rjls.2023.010.03.2

Abstract

The use of chemical pesticides in agriculture has negative impacts on the environment and health and leads to pathogen resistance. As an alternative, microorganisms such as PGPR or PGPF can enhance plant resilience and growth. Biopriming can trigger systemic resistance, improve nutrient uptake, and protect plants from pathogen infection. This study aims to evaluate the potential of biopriming and the effects of rhizobacterial application on plants. There are three main tests: the pathogenicity test of Xanthomonas campestris, the rhizobacterial test on cabbage seeds and seedlings, and the effectiveness of rhizobacteria in suppressing black rot disease in cabbage. Rhizobacterial application increased peroxidase enzyme and total phenol levels in plants, as well as plant height and leaf number. Rhizobacteria also improved cabbage seed germination and suppressed plant diseases. In conclusion, all tested rhizobacteria induced resistance in cabbage plants by increasing peroxidase enzyme and total phenol levels. Rhizobacterium TO9 (Clostridium sp.) was the most effective in enhancing plant resistance. Rhizobacteria also stimulated cabbage growth. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and effectiveness of rhizobacteria under different agricultural conditions.
Exploration of Endophyte Bacteria as Bio-Agent of Fusarium sp. on Jack Bean (Canavalia ensiformis) Under In-Vitro Testing Rahmadani, Pradina; Aini, Luqman Qurata
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtpp.2024.005.2.3

Abstract

Indonesia is the tropical country that becomes the home of millions type of flora such as jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). This plant has not gotten enough attention from locals as a beneficial commodity. The purpose of this research is to find out the potential of endophyte bacteria of jack bean as bio-agent to control the pathogenic attack on the jack bean caused by Fusarium sp. The step of research including sample collecting, isolation and identification of pathogenic fungus, isolation, and purification of endophyte bacteria from the root of jack bean plant, selection of endophyte bacteria as the antagonist of pathogenic fungus, inhibition test of endophyte bacteria against the fungus under in-vitro testing, and lastly, identification of bacteria. The result of the test used completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The result of research is there are 10 bacterial isolates. From the selection process, there are four isolates that are proven to inhibit Fusarium sp. as the fungal target, shown by the high percentage of fungal growth inhibition from antagonist test. At the end of the antagonist test, it was resulting in CE8 treatment as the highest percentage of fungal growth inhibition, reaching 76% in result. Characterization and identification were carried out to the 4 isolates, resulting in discovery of CE1 and CE5 coded bacterial isolates belong to Erwinia sp., and CE7 and CE8 belong to Clostridium sp.
Characterization of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Causing Crown Rot Disease in Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Rania, Khansa Diva; Aini, Luqman Qurata
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtpp.2025.006.1.1

Abstract

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is an annual plant belonging to the Caricaceae family. Papaya populations in Indonesia can be found in almost all regions. The extensive papaya cultivation areas in Indonesia often involve planting on wild land, which exposes papaya plants to various diseases. Crown rot disease is an example of a disease in papaya. Papaya plantations in Jajag, Gambiran, Banyuwangi Regency, are known to be affected by stem rot. To determine the appropriate disease control measures, it is necessary to identify the cause of the wet rot disease in papaya plant stems. The research was conducted through several stages, including sampling, media preparation, isolation of pathogenic bacteria, hypersensitivity tests, pathogenicity tests, potato soft rot tests, colony and cell morphological observation, Gram staining, oxidative/fermentative, yellow colony on YDC media, lecithinase, catalase, sensitivity to erythromycin, carbohydrate fermentation, and temperature treatment at 37°C and 40°C. The results showed that the plant pathogenic bacteria causing crown rot at the base of the stem in papaya plants were isolates B1 and B2, belonging to the group of Pantoea sp.; isolates B3, B6, and B7, belonging to the group of Erwinia sp.; and isolates B4 and B5, belonging to the group of Dickeya sp..
Aktivitas Antagonisme Cendawan Endofit terhadap Cendawan Penyebab Bintik Mata Cokelat Daun Kopi: Antagonism Activity of Endophytic Fungi Against Pathogenic Fungus That Cause Coffee Brown Eye Spot Asparita, Yulia Dwi; Aini, Luqman Qurata; Suharjono
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.20.5.242-254

Abstract

Kopi merupakan komoditas perkebunan yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dan berperan sebagai sumber devisa negara. Namun demikian produktivitas dan kualitas kopi mengalami penurunan yang disebabkan oleh cendawan penyebab bintik mata cokelat pada daun tanaman kopi. Salah satu alternatif untuk mengatasi pertumbuhan cendawan patogen tersebut ialah memanfaatkan cendawan endofit antagonisnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi cendawan penyebab bintik mata cokelat daun tanaman kopi dan cendawan endofit antagonisnya serta mengevaluasi potensi dan mekanisme antagonismenya. Cendawan patogen diisolasi dari daun tanaman kopi dengan gejala penyakit bintik mata cokelat, sedangkan cendawan endofit diisolasi dari daun kopi sehat yang dikumpulkan dari Perkebunan Kopi Desa Taji, Kecamatan Jabung, Kabupaten Malang. Masing-masing cendawan dimurnikan berdasarkan metode monospora. Isolat cendawan patogen diseleksi berdasarkan uji patogenisitas. Isolat cendawan endofit diuji potensi antagonisnya terhadap isolat cendawan patogen terpilih. Isolat cendawan endofit dengan potensi tertinggi menghambat pertumbuhan isolat cendawan patogen diidentifikasi berdasarkan similaritas sekuens 18S rDNA. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa isolat cendawan penyebab bintik mata cokelat memiliki similaritas sekuens 100% dengan Mycosphaerella coffeicola-PF2. Isolat cendawan endofit paling potensial mampu menghambat pertumbuhan isolat cendawan patogen, memiliki similaritas sekuens 99.94% dengan Colletotrichum sp.-EF1. Cendawan endofit Colletotrichum sp. menghambat pertumbuhan M. coffeicola dengan mekanisme kompetisi dan mikoparasit. Cendawan endofit Colletotrichum sp. dapat dikembangkan sebagai agens biopestisida untuk mengendalikan M. coffeicola penyebab penyakit bintik mata cokelat pada daun tanaman kopi.
Potential of PGPR from Rhizospheric Grass in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, Indonesia, against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Hapsari, Femita; Muhidin, Ahmad; Aini, Luqman Qurata; Rachmawati, Rina
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.9.1.14-25.2025

Abstract

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is one of the most destructive diseases affecting rice, resulting in significant yield losses and reduced grain quality. The overuse of chemical bactericides has raised environmental concerns and contributed to the emergence of resistant pathogen strains, emphasizing the need for sustainable alternatives. Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) offer a promising alternative due to their dual role in enhancing plant growth and suppressing phytopathogens. This study aimed to isolate and characterize PGPR from the rhizosphere of Imperata cylindrica, a grass species thriving in the extreme sand sea environment of Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (BTSNP), Indonesia. The sampling site represents a unique volcanic soil ecosystem characterized by sandy texture, high surface temperatures, and nutrient-poor conditions, with no vegetation other than I. cylindrica. These extreme environmental conditions suggest that the associated microbial communities may be highly adapted to abiotic stress and possess valuable traits for plant growth promotion and pathogen suppression. A total of 46 rhizobacterial isolates were obtained, of which five (Isolates 5, 6, 8, 10, and 12) demonstrated nitrogen-fixing ability, phosphate-solubilizing activity, and strong antagonism against Xoo. Morphological, physiological, and biochemical analyses identified Isolates 5, 8, and 12 as Pantoea spp., while Isolates 6 and 10 were classified as Erwinia spp. In vitro inhibition assays revealed that Isolate 6 exhibited the highest antagonistic activity, comparable to streptomycin, and was categorized as "Very Strong." These findings highlight Isolate 6 as a promising candidate for development as a biological control agent for sustainable rice disease management.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI ENDOFIT DARI TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa) SEBAGAI PENGENDALI PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI AKIBAT Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Serdani, Army Dita; Aini, Luqman Qurata; Abadi, Abdul Latief
Viabel : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Vol 12 No 1 (2018): Mei 2018
Publisher : Universitas Islam Balitar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (509.244 KB) | DOI: 10.35457/viabel.v12i1.422

Abstract

Rice cultivation often face obstacles, and one of them is bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). The application of endophytic bacteria is one of solutions to overcome this problem. Endophytic bacteria are non-pathogenic bacteria, which live in plant tissues. These bacteria could be isolated from the plant tissues. They may adapt to the plant tissues and produce antibiosis that could increase the plant resistance. Therefore, objectives of the research were to isolate the endophytic bacteria from healthy plant tissues and to identify them through morphology, physiology, biochemistry, and molecular. Method of the research was explorative along with three principal activities, such as isolation, selection, and identification on the potential endophytic bacteria. The isolation of the endophytic bacteria from healthy rice tissues has resulted 53 isolates and five of them have antagonistic ability in vitro against Xoo. Isolate ak9 has the highest antagonistic ability, 7.67 mm, in comparison with other isolates. Results of identification showed that those five potential bacteria have close relations, such as da3 with Bacillus cereus, isolate ak9 with Burkholderia sp., isolate ak30 with Enterobacter sp and isolate da9, as well as ak15 are Corynebacterium sp.
Potential of Indigenous Yeast as a Paraquat Biodegradation Agent in Sumberbrantas, Batu City, Indonesia Bosha, Mohammed; Abadi, Abdul Latief; Aini, Luqman Qurata
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtpp.2022.003.1.1

Abstract

Herbicides are a substance or chemical compound used to inhibit growth or kill plants. Herbicides are toxic to weeds or pests as well as cultivated plants. The impact of using the herbicide paraquat causes some microbes to become more resistant and has the potential to be used as a paraquat biodegradation agent. Indigenous yeast is one of the microbes that can be used as a biodegradation agent because it is resistant to the environment. For this reason, This research aimed to investigate the indigenous yeast isolated from the potato field in Sumberbrantas village, Batu City as a bioremediation agent for paraquat herbicide residues.The sampling was carried out in the potato field of Sumberbrantas, Batu City, which in routine maintenance uses a herbicide with active paraquat (1,1 dimethyl -4, 4-bipyridinium dichloride).The isolation results obtained 6 isolates of indigenous yeast which had the potential as biodegradation agents for paraquat. Treatment of yeast isolates MB 1, MB 3, MB 4, MB 6, MB 7, MB 8 at concentrations of 250, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 paraquat were able to survive with a growth percentage of 75-100%. At a concentration of 5,000 Isolated yeast decreased with a growth percentage of 50-75% and MB 1 isolate with 10,000 ppm concentration still survive with a growth percentage of 1-25%. The highest biodegradability ability of yeast was in MB 1. The identification of MB 1 isolates based on molecular characters have similarities in the basic structure of 98.89% with Geotrichum silvicola UFMG 354-228S isolates with accession number NG_0606221.1.
The Potential of Endophytic Fungi Producing Hydrolytic Enzymes as Biocontrol Agents of Alternaria porri Causing Onion Purple Blotch Firdausi, Wita; Abadi, Abdul Latief; Aini, Luqman Qurata; Martosudiro, Mintarto; Tarno, Hagus
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 47, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v47i3.4924

Abstract

Purple blotch caused by Alternaria porri is the primary disease in shallots, causing yield losses of 30-100%. The use of endophytic fungi as biocontrol agents has several advantages, including adaptability to host plants, selective targeting of pathogenic fungal cell walls without harming plant cells, and environmental friendliness. This study aims to select endophytic fungi producing hydrolytic enzymes with the highest inhibitory effect against A. porri. Endophytic fungi were isolated from the Batu Ijo local variety of shallots in Dau District, Malang, then evaluated for antagonism and for their ability to produce hydrolytic enzymes. This study obtained 42 isolates, consisting of 25 fungi and 17 yeasts. The endophytic fungi with the highest inhibitory activity were identified as Trichoderma asperellum (71.4%) and Pichia onychis (70.04%). T. asperellum produced cellulase at concentrations of 16.78 µg/ml and chitinase at 3.85 µg/ml, while P. onychis produced cellulase at concentrations of 11.47 µg/ml and chitinase at 1.56 µg/ml. Microscopic observation of A. porri hyphae showed that both endophytic fungi caused lysis with hyphal fragmentation, discoloration, and deformation. The endophytic fungi T. asperellum and P. onychis were proven to inhibit A. porri in vitro through their ability to produce hydrolytic enzymes that caused A. porri hyphal lysis.
Effect of Rhizobacteria on Growth and Yield of Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) in Saline Conditions Yamika, Wiwin Sumiya Dwi; Aini, Luqman Qurata; Azizah, Nur; Sukmarani, Elok; Aini, Nurul
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia (JHI) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2019): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (354.06 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jhi.10.3.182-189

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan pengaruh rhizobakteri pada pertumbuhan, klorofil dan kandungan allicin tanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) dalam kondisi salin. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Kaca di Agrotechnopark Universitas Brawijaya, Desa Jatikerto, Malang-Indonesia yang dilaksanakan mulai bulan Februari hingga Juni 2018. Strain rhizobakteri yang digunakan terdiri dari isolat-isolat bakteri toleran salin berasal dari tanah salin di pesisir Lamongan, Jawa Timur, Indonesia dengan kode isolat SN13 (Streptomyces sp.), SN22 (Bacillus sp.) and SN23 (Corynebacterium sp.). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan petak terbagi (split plot), terdiri dari kondisi salin sebagai petak utama dan konsentrasi bakteri toleran salin sebagai anak petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman yang diinokulasi bakteri mempunyai bobot kering akar yang sangat nyata lebih tinggi (22.10 - 30%), jumlah klorofil (mencapai 26.03%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa inokulasi, tetapi memiliki allicin pada umbinya lebih rendah. Aplikasi bakteri toleran salin dapat memperbaiki pertumbuhan tanaman dalam kondisi salin. Kondisi salin menurunkan baik pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah, namun meningkatkan kandungan prolin. Peningkatan konsentrasi prolin pada daun merupakan respon fisiologis dari tanaman bawang merah pada kondisi salin. Kata kunci: allisin, klorofil, prolin, salinitas, umbi
IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIAL WILT AND LEAF BLIGHT DISEASE ON MAIZE (Zea mays) FOUND IN KEDIRI, INDONESIA Aini, Luqman Qurata; Suryani, Lilis; Sugiharto, Arifin Noor; Abadi, Abdul Latief
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v35i1.245

Abstract

Recently, a new bacterial disease of maize (Zea mays) was observed in Kediri, East Java, Indonesia. Infected plants showed wilt symptoms occasionally accompanied by leaf blight. This study aims to characterize the causal agent of bacterial wilt and leaf blight of maize observed in Kediri. Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic bacteria were isolated from the diseased tissues. All bacterial strains (KD1A, KB2A, KD1, KD4, KB1) gave positive result both in the hypersensitive response and pathogen-nicity assays. However, only KD1 and KB1 strains could be re-isolated from the diseased tissues. Based on several physiological and biochemical assays, the bacteria resembled Pantoea agglomerans. Moreover, the strains showed negative result on PCR amplification using HRP1d and HRP3r, a primer pair specific for detection of P. stewartii subsp. stewartii. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence of KD1 and KB1 showed highest homology at 88% and 90%, respectively to P. agglomerans strain DSM 3493 (NR 0419781).  The homology values were too low to conclude that the bacteria were similar to P. agglomerans. These results suggest that bacterial pathogens isolated from maize in Kediri were strains of Pantoea sp. Keywords: maize, Pantoea sp., wilt, leaf blight
Co-Authors Abd Latif Abadi Abd Latif Abadi Abdul Cholil Abdul Cholil Abdul Karim Fanani Abdul Latief Abadi Abdul Latief Abadi Abdul Latief Abadi Achmad Noerkhaerin Putra Achmad Roekhan Adi Setiawan Agung Nugroho Agung Wahyu Susilo Aini Nurul Aini, Febrilia Nur Akhmad Rizali Albert Fernando Sitorus Alda Dwi Aprilia Alfi Inayati Aminudin Afandhi Aminudin Afandhi Anastasya, Nabilla Alya Andhy Handoko Andhy Handoko Anton Muhibuddin Apriyani, Aliffia Nuraita Ardiyan Taruna Arifah, Fitri Ariffin Noor Sugiharto Arifin Noor Sugiharto Aris Budiman Asnawi Asnawi Asparita, Yulia Dwi Auliya Zendhabad Aulya Retno Setyari Aulya Retno Setyari Bayu Setyawan, Bayu Berliana, Sonia Bogi Diyansah Bosha, Mohammed Cindy Diah Ayu Fitriana Cokorda Javandira Cokorda Javandira Daniel Happy Putra Dayanti, Ayu Ike Dewi, Fibrianti Shinta Dian Eka Kusumawati Dianti, Sylvia Dianti, Sylvia Herli Dinata, Gallyndra Fatkhu Diyana Lestari Dwi Wulandari Dyah Ayu Kusuma Wardani Eka Kartini Eriyanto Yusnawan Eriyanto Yusnawan Fibrianti Shinta Dewi Firdausi, Wita Galuh Setyanto Pradana Galuh Setyanto Pradana Ganestya Indina Sari Ganestya Indina Sari Hagus Tarno Hapsari, Femita Hasanah, Ifa Maulidah Husna Fikriya Baroroh I Made Indra Agastya Ichsan Firmansyah Imam Chanif Imam Chanif, Imam Indah Anita Sari Irisa Trianti Irisa Trianti Ismat Ishak Istiqomah Istiqomah Istiqomah, Istiqomah Ito Fernando Ito, Satoshi Iva Dewi Lestariningsih, Iva Dewi Izza, Junda Fauzul Karuniawan Puji Wicaksono Kestrilia Rega Prilianti Khoirun Enisa Maharina Khoirun Enisa Maharina Khoirunisa, Fenti Rahma Kusuma, Restu Rizkyta Liliek Sulistyowati Lilis Suryani Ma'alifah, Nur Maharina, Khoirun Enisa Minal Maimanah Mintarto Martosudiro Mochammad Syamsul Hadi Mochammad Syamsul Hadi Muhammad Akhid Syib’li Muhammad Akhid Syibli Muhammad Febriansyah Muhidin, Ahmad Nava Karina Nindi Kurniasari Novia Dwirani Novie Utami Asputri Nugroho Sulistyo Putro Nugroho Sulistyo Putro Nur Azizah Nurul Aini Nurul Aini Nurul Aini Nurul Aini Oktaviani, Rahmania Pamungkas, Bayu Aji Paramyta Nila Permanasari, Paramyta Nila Prabowo, Matheus Randy Prillianti, Kestrillia Rega Puput Wahyuningsih Rachmi Masnilah Rahmadani, Pradina Rahman, Fakih Nur Ramadhan, Varotama Putra Ramadhani, Fatchuliani Safitri Rania, Khansa Diva Ratri Kusuma Devi Ratri Kusuma Devi Rida Iswati Rifani Rusiana Dewi Rina Rachmawati Rina Rachmawati Roekhan, Achmad Rudin, Sofyan Sudirman Saitama, Akbar Sallygresya Theodora Dwifelita Matondang Santoso, Verisca Agil Winanda Sektiono, Antok Wahyu Serdani, Army Dita Setyono Yudo Tyasmoro Sheila Desi Kharisma Sheila Desi Kharisma Silfiani, Intan Siska Irhamnawati Pulogu Soemarno Soemarno Suharjono Sukmarani, Elok Syamsuddin Djauhari Syamsul Arifin Syarifah Maulidya Rahmah Syib'li, Muhammad Akhid Syibli, Muhammad Akhi Syib`li, Muhammad Akhid Syib’li, Muhammad Akhid Taruna, Ardiyan Tatiek Wardiyati Theresia Rani Kartika Ayu Tita Widjayanti Toto Himawan Toto Himawan Tri Ardiyati Tri Ardiyati Tri Ardyati Trisnawati, Luh Putu Adi Tutung Hadi Astono Tutung Hadiastono Tutung Hadiastono Udayana, Cicik Uma Khumairoh Wardiyati, Tatiek Wita Firdausi Wiwik Jatnika Wiwin Sumiya Dwi Yamika Wiwin Sumiya Dwi Yamika Wiwin Sumiya Dwi Yamika Wiwit Wicaksono Jati Yani Kurniawan, Yani Yogo Setiawan Zainudin Zainudin Zainudin Zainudin Zainul Abidin