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Keragaan Agronomi dan Potensi Hasil Genotipe Jagung (Zea mays L.) Generasi S1 dan S2 di Dua Lokasi Salamah, Umi; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi; Aswidinnoor, Hajrial; Nindita, dan Anggi
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 45 No. 2 (2017): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (297.691 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v45i2.13156

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Hybrid maize breeding relies on the availability of good performing inbred lines with superior combining ability. The objectives of this study were to: (1) estimate genetic paramters and heritability for agronomic and yield traits, (2) estimate correlations among traits, and (3) estimate selection-balanced inbreeding depression level from S1 to S2 generations. The S1 trial was planted from June to September 2014 at two locations, followed by the S2 trial from January to May 2015 at the same locations. Each trials was arranged in an augmented design with three blocks consisting of 72 unreplicated test genotypes, 3 unreplicated inbred lines, and 5 replicated commercial hybrid varieties as checks. The results showed that the heritability estimates were medium to high for most observed traits. Best yielding genotypes in S1 and S2 generations were derived from P27xNK6326, Pertiwi3xP31, NK6326xP31, P31xNK6326, and P31xNK33 populations. Grain yield was positively correlated with plant height, ear height, ear length, and ear diameter in S1 and S2 generations. The S2 generation exhibited inbreeding depression for grain yield. The estimates of heritability, correlations, and inbreeding depression obtained from this study could be useful for selection in corn breeding programs.Keywords: correlation, heritability, inbreeding depression
Pengujian Daya Hasil dan Ketahanan Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri Tanaman Padi Hibrida Lopes Hornai, Ermelinda Maria; Purwoko, Bambang Sapta; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi; Dewi, dan Iswari Saraswati
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 44 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (446.325 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v44i2.13478

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ABSTRACTHybrid rice varieties  is an alternative technology to improve  productivity of low land rice. The results of previous studies have identified and found the male sterile lines Wild Abortive type and Kalinga are resistant to bacterial leaf blight pathotype III, IV and VIII. The objectives of the research were to obtain information on agronomic characters, yield evaluation, genetic parameters, and repeatability information. The experiment was conducted in two locations namely  Muara and Indramayu experimental stations. The design used was a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replication at each site.  Each replicate consisted of 17 hybrid rice and three check varieties. The results from locations showed that genotype BI485A/BP1 (IR53942) has the highest yield of 5.8 ton ha-1. The coefficient of genetic and phenotypic diversity of six agronomic characters was low. The repeatability for seven character observed were low, except for days to flowering. The  scoring value  of bacterial leaf blight disease in Indramayu showed that nine genotypes exhibit resistance.Keywords: cytoplasmic male sterile lines, disease resistance
Ketahanan Beberapa Klon Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) terhadap Asam Fusarat dan Penyakit Busuk Kering Umbi Sari, Dewi Citra; Dinarti, Diny; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi; Purwito, dan Agus
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 44 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (451.676 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v44i2.13488

Abstract

ABSTRACTFusaric acid produced by Fusarium spp. played a major role in potato dry rot development. Using fusaric acid as a selection agent may be useful to identify resistant clones. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the morphological responses of 10 potato clones (Granola, Atlantic, Cipanas, DTO 28, DTO 33, Russet Burbank, IPB 1, CIP 801040, CIP 801045, dan CIP 801050) and their resistance level to fusaric acid and Fusarium solani. The research was conducted in Plant Breeding Laboratory and Tissue Culture Laboratory 3, Departement of Agronomy and Horticulture from April 2014-February 2015. The in vitro experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with 4 fusaric acid concentrations and 4 replications, while the F. solani infection experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with 5 replications. The result showed that fusaric acid inhibits growth, reduce microtubers production, and caused planlets death. Correlation analysis between in vitro resistance to fusaric acid and F. solani infection on tuber showed positive and notable result. Accordingly, fusaric acid can be used to identify any clones resistant to F. solani.Keywords: Fusarium solani, phytotoxin, selection
Performance, Heritability and Genetic Advance for Oil Yield and some Economical Characters in Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacquin) of Cameroon Constantin, Mondjeli; Ridwani, Sobir; Syukur, Muhamad; Suwarno, and Willy Bayuardi
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 45 No. 2 (2017): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (328.56 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v45i2.14110

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Knowledge of the magnitude of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in the selection of desirable characters could assist the plant breeders in ascertaining criteria to be used in the breeding programmes. Twenty three introgressed oil palm progenies were evaluated at the Specialized Centre for Oil Palm Research of Cameroon, from 2004 to 2014 to estimate performance, genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of oil yield and some economic traits in terms to select new oil palm parent materials with the traits of interest. The results revealed high variability among oil palm population for all the characters. Moderate estimates of the phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variations associated with high heritability and moderate genetic advance as percent of mean were obtained for characters of fresh fruit bunch, bunch number, oil yield, kernel to bunch, kernel to fruit, kernel yield and height increment. The results suggest the effectiveness of selection method for these traits and their improvement through their phenotypic performance. LM11087T x LM2749D and LM12960T x LM7409D were obtained as superior oil palm crossing parents with the potential production of 6.26 ton ha-1yr-1 of crude palm oil; they can be exploited in seed production and further breeding program.Keywords: genetic advance, heritability, introgressed progenies, oil yield, Phenotypic
Karakter Agronomi Galur Padi Dihaploid Asal Kultur Antera Hasil Persilangan Three Way Cross Syafii, Mohammad; Sapta Purwoko, Bambang; Saraswati Dewi, Iswari; Bayuardi Suwarno, dan Willy
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 46 No. 1 (2018): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (389.098 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v46i1.16187

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Anther culture is useful tool in rice breeding. The technique shortens the time to obtain full homozygous plant in just one generation. Information related to genetic variability among the regenerants is important for further analysis including selection activities. The objective of this study was to analyze agronomic character variability and yield potential among doubled-haploid lines (DH0) derived from anther culture. This study was carried out in Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (BB Biogen) from October 2016 to February 2017. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Forty eight doubled haploid lines derived from anther culture and three check varieties were evaluated. The results showed high genetic variability as well as broad sense heritability (more than 90%) for all variables tested. Several lines showed superior agronomic characters compared to check (Ciherang, Inpari 18, Inpago 10). Anther culture could generate high genetic variability for further selection.Keywords: anther culture, broad sense heritability, haploid technology
Analisis Genetik Arsitektur Malai Padi Menggunakan Dua Populasi F2 Ramadhan, Fitrah; Bayuardi Suwarno, Willy; Nindita, Anggi; Aswidinnoor, dan Hajrial
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 46 No. 1 (2018): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (727.129 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v46i1.17265

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Improvement of rice panicle architecture is one important objective in the development of improved new-plant-type rice varieties. Panicle architecture is directly related to yield components in rice. The aims of this study were to obtain information on inheritance pattern of panicle architecture on F2 generation and to obtain the best selected individuals. The experiment was conducted at Sawah Baru Experimental Farm Bogor, from May to October 2016. Two F2 populations derived from crosses of IPB 3S/IPB160-F-36, IPB160-F-36/IPB 5R and three genotypes of parents were used as experimental materials. A total of 208 and 204 plant samples were taken representing each of the two F2 populations and 20 plants representing the parents. Three panicles were taken randomly from each individual as observed samples. The results showed that additive gene action influenced number of primary branches in population of IPB 3S/IPB160-F-36, whereas in the population of IPB160-F-36/IPB 5R, most of the panicle architecture traits were controlled by additive gene action except for the length of primary branches. All of panicle architecture traits were controlled by relatively many genes except length of primary branches and number of grains on primary branches in the IPB 3S/IPB160-F-36 population. The panicle architecture of the two observed population was genetically varies. The heritability estimates were moderate to high. Selection could increase the mean of panicle architecture traits using either single or multiple traits simultaneously.Keywords: gene action, heritability, genetic variability, panicle traits
Morfologi Malai Padi (Oryza sativa L.) pada Beragam Aplikasi Pupuk Nitrogen Rahayu, Sherly; Ghulamahdi, Munif; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi; Aswidinnoor, dan Hajrial
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 46 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (400.779 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v46i2.18092

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The effects of nitrogen fertilizer on agronomic and morphological characters depend on several factors such as genotypes and nitrogen rate. The study was aimed to evaluate nitrogen effects on rice panicle. A field experiment was conducted at Babakan Research Station during November 2015- February 2016 using a split-split plot design with three replicates. Nitrogen doses was a main plot, genotypes was a subplot, and time of application was a sub-subplot. A greenhouse experiment was carried out at PAIR, Jakarta during February-July 2017 using a completely randomized design with three replicates. The results from the field experiment indicated that the highest panicle number (13.25), number of filled grains (177.94) and spikelet number (213.76) were obtained at doses of 450 kg urea ha-1. Analysis of variance showed that the genotypic effects were significant for all traits observed, while the interaction effect between genotypes and time of nitrogen application was significant on the length of first grain from first node. However, the three-factors interactions were not significant for all traits. The greenhouse experiment revealed that both genotypes and N rates significantly affected all traits except for panicle number and the length of first grain from first node, respectively, while their interaction only significant for number of primary branch. Nitrogen increased all traits observed except the length of first grain from first node. Simultaneously, both experiments showed significant effects of genotypes for all traits observed. Doses of urea fertilizers above 400 kg ha-1 could improve the performance of panicle traits in order to increase yield potential.
Heritabilitas, Karakterisasi, dan Analisis Clustergram Galur-galur Padi Dihaploid Hasil Kultur Antera Anshori, Muhammad Fuad; Purwoko, Bambang Sapta; Dewi, Iswari Saraswati; Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi; Safitri, dan Heni
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 46 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (440.968 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v46i2.18377

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Doubled haploid rice formation through anther culture becomes one of the alternatives in the plant breeding. The lines need to be characterized, clustered, and selected. This study aimed at determining heritability, characters, and cluster of doubled haploid lines obtained from anther culture. This experiment was conducted at IPB Rice Field Experiment Station, Darmaga, Bogor from October 2016 until January 2017. The experiment was managed according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications and genotype as the single factor treatment. Genotypes used were 60 genotypes consisting of 56 doubled haploid lines and 4 control varieties. The controls were Ciherang, Inpara 5, Inpari 29, and Inpari 34 Salin Agritan. The results showed that all characters have significant effect and high heritability (above 60%), so they could be used as a selection character. The tested genotypes could be grouped into three main groups. The first group consisted of 11 genotypes, the second group consisted of 44 genotypes, and the third group consisted of 5 genotypes. The main group determinant characters were productive tillers, percentage of filled grain number, plant height, panicle length, and weight of 1,000 grains. The number of filled grain and productive tillers can be used as selection characters together with yield potential.
Kandungan Minyak 30 Genotipe Jagung dan Korelasinya terhadap Beberapa Karakter Agronomi Karomah, Nailatul; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi; Azrai, dan Muhammad
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 46 No. 3 (2018): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (337.085 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v46i3.19013

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Industrial demand for maize oil has been increasing and therefore corn breeding efforts began to focus on developing improved maize varieties with high oil content. The objectives of this research were to determine oil content of maize genotypes and its relationship with several agronomic traits. The oil content of maize genotypes ranged from 3.77 to 5.46%. Based on the correlation analysis, oil content correlated significantly with plant height, ear height, embryo weight, kernel weight, endosperm weight, and embryo and endosperm area ratio. In addition, oil content of maize genotypes could be estimated by a regression model involving embryo and endosperm area ratio, endosperm weight, ear height, cob lenght, number of kernel rows, number of kernel per row, cob diameter, and husk coverage (R2 = 79.66%; P = 0.0001). The oil-correlated traits and regression model obtained can be considered for facilitating selection for high oil maize genotypes. In addition, the results indicate that high oil maize can be bred and selected without affecting yield.Keywords: high oil maize, simultaneous selection, stepwise regression
Penentuan Indeks Seleksi Toleransi Kekeringan Galur Dihaploid Padi Sawah Tadah Hujan pada Fase Perkecambahan Akbar, Miftahur Rizqi; Purwoko, Bambang Sapta; Dewi, Iswari Saraswati; Suwarno, dan Willy Bayuardi
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 46 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (310.866 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v46i2.19086

Abstract

Rainfed rice tolerant to drought and high yielding would be an alternative to rainfed lowland areas prone to drought stress. Selection in the early phase of plant growth will accelerate the effort to obtain rainfed varieties. The objective of this experiment was to identify characters that significantly affect the selection of drought tolerance using PEG 6000 concentration of 25% in the germination phase. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse of ICABIOGRAD, Bogor, using a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was 32 rice genotypes while the second factor was 2 levels of PEG 6000, i.e., concentrations of 0 and 25%. The results showed that the correlation analysis and principal component analysis obtain the important characters namely the germination percentage, seminal root length, and the dry weight of seminal roots. Based on discriminant analysis, the index matching value of 96.77% was suitable to distinguish tolerant and sensitive genotypes using PEG 6000 concentration of 25% in the germination phase.
Co-Authors , Krisantini , Supartopo , Suwarno Abdul Qadir Adlan Adriwan Siregar, Heri Agus Purwito Ajitama, Trio Fanny Akbar, Miftahur Rizqi Alfian Helmi Amalia Nurul Huda AMIN NUR Amin Nur Amy Estiati Anas Dinurrohman Susila Andayani, Nining Anggara, Heru Anggita Duhita Anindyajati Anggraeny, Bunga Anshori, Muhammad Fuad Aprilianti, Devi Kurnia Aris Hairmansis Awang Maharijaya Ayub Darmanto Azis Boing Sitanggang Azrai, dan Muhammad Badrieh, Haian Amin Baharuddin Baharuddin Bambang Sapta Purwoko Bambang Suprihatno Bayu Pramono Wibowo Budi Indra Setiawan Butarbutar, Lidya Kristina Sari Chusnah, Uswatun Chusnul Arif Constantin, Mondjeli Cucu Gunarsih da Cunha, Rojino Danu Kuncoro Deden Derajat Matra Desi Anugra Safitri Dewi Sukma Dewi, dan Iswari Saraswati Diah Setiowati, Retno Dian Rakhmad Diny Dinarti Efendi, Darda Efendy, Roy Ekasari Putri, Nurwanita Endang Gunawan Eny Widajati Fadhli, Nur Farid, Muh Fidya Novita Firmansyah, Muh HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR Hishar Mirsam I Made Legawa I Putu Adi Saputra, I Putu Indrastuti A. Rumanti Indrastuti Apri Rumanti Iskandar Lubis Iskandar Lubis Iswari Saraswati Dewi Iswari Saraswati Dewi Iswari Saraswati Dewi Jayaningsih, Elvita Dwi Juharni Jundi Aiman Abdullah Kusuma, I Gede Artha Surya Kuswandi Kuswandi Lianda Dewi Sartika Lopes Hornai, Ermelinda Maria Maharijaya, dan Awang Matsuda, Hiroshi Maya Melati Mohammad Syafii Muhamad Askari Muhamad Syukur Muhammad Azrai, Muhammad Muhammad Jauhar Firdaus Muhammad Roiyan Romadhon Munandar, Arief Munif Ghulamahdi Nafisah Nailatul Karomah Ni Made Armini Wiendi Nindita, Anggi Novianti, Fira Nugroho, Rizki Anjal Puji Nugroho, Rizki Bagus Nugroho, Syarul Nurul Khumaida Priyanto, Slamet Bambang Purwoko, Bambang Sapta Purwoko Purwoko, Bambang Sapto Rahmah, Syifaur Ramadaniarto Rizqullah Ramadhan, Fitrah Ramadhani, Nabilah Zulfah Reswari, Helvi Ardana Ridwani, Sobir Rika Miftakhul Jannah Rina Hapsari Wening, Rina Hapsari Rokhana Faizah rudiyanto Rusianto Safitri, dan Heni Salengke, Salengke Sani, Mutiyara Sari, Dewi Citra Sari, Siti Hapita Satyanto Krido Saptomo Sherly Rahayu Sintho Wahyuning Ardie Siti Nurhidayah Siti Nurhidayah Siti Yuriyah Slamet Susanto Sobir Sobir Sobir Sri Ratnawati Sri Wahjuni Sri Wening Sri Wening, Sri Wening Sugiyanta, dan Suriani Suriani Surjono Hadi Sutjahjo Susila, Anas Dinnurohman Suwarno, Punjung Medaraji Syah, Uswah Trywulan Syaifullah Rahim Syawaluddin, Dwi Dana Syilvia Nosya Pratama Tamura, Koremasa THAMRIN, SULAEHA TRI HASTINI Trias Sitaresmi Trikoesoemaningtyas Tutik Kuswinanti Umi Salamah Untung Susanto Wage Ratna Rohaeni Wida W. Khumaero Widodo Widodo Wijaya, Aldi Kamal Winarso D. Widodo Wira Hadianto, Wira Yudiwanti Wahyu E. Kusumo Yuli Irvana Dewi Yuli Rahmadi, Hernawan YUNUS MUSA Z, Bunyamin Zakiah, Rizqi Alifahasni