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Journal : Journal of Educational Technology and Learning Creativity

Machine Learning-Based Multi-Sensor IoT System for Intelligent Indoor Fire Detection Junfithranaa, Anggy Pradifta; Almohab, Hadi; Dewi, Deshinta Arrova
Journal of Educational Technology and Learning Creativity Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Cahaya Ilmu Cendekia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37251/jetlc.v4i1.2614

Abstract

Purpose of the study: This study aims to develop an intelligent indoor fire detection system by integrating low-cost Internet of Things (IoT) sensors with machine learning-based multi-sensor data fusion to improve early fire hazard detection accuracy while reducing false alarms compared to conventional single-sensor fire detection systems. Methodology: The system is implemented using an ESP32 microcontroller connected to temperature, humidity, flame, and sound sensors for real-time data acquisition. A dataset of 1,500 sensor samples is collected and labeled into Normal, Fire-Risk, and Fire classes. Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, and Random Forest classifiers are trained and evaluated using Python-based machine learning libraries. Main Findings: Experimental results indicate that the Random Forest model outperforms the other classifiers, achieving 95% overall accuracy, perfect recall for fire events, and a Macro ROC-AUC score of 0.993. Feature importance analysis reveals that humidity and temperature are the most influential parameters for early fire detection in indoor environments. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study proposes a lightweight intelligent fire detection framework that integrates multi-sensor Internet of Things data including temperature, humidity, flame, and sound signals with machine learning–based classification for indoor environments. Unlike conventional systems that rely on single-sensor or threshold-based detection, the proposed approach utilizes multi-sensor data fusion and ensemble learning to improve early fire-risk identification while remaining computationally efficient for low-cost platforms such as the ESP32 microcontroller.
Machine Learning-Based Multi-Sensor IoT System for Intelligent Indoor Fire Detection Junfithranaa, Anggy Pradifta; Almohab, Hadi; Dewi, Deshinta Arrova
Journal of Educational Technology and Learning Creativity Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Cahaya Ilmu Cendekia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37251/jetlc.v4i1.2614

Abstract

Purpose of the study: This study aims to develop an intelligent indoor fire detection system by integrating low-cost Internet of Things (IoT) sensors with machine learning-based multi-sensor data fusion to improve early fire hazard detection accuracy while reducing false alarms compared to conventional single-sensor fire detection systems. Methodology: The system is implemented using an ESP32 microcontroller connected to temperature, humidity, flame, and sound sensors for real-time data acquisition. A dataset of 1,500 sensor samples is collected and labeled into Normal, Fire-Risk, and Fire classes. Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, and Random Forest classifiers are trained and evaluated using Python-based machine learning libraries. Main Findings: Experimental results indicate that the Random Forest model outperforms the other classifiers, achieving 95% overall accuracy, perfect recall for fire events, and a Macro ROC-AUC score of 0.993. Feature importance analysis reveals that humidity and temperature are the most influential parameters for early fire detection in indoor environments. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study proposes a lightweight intelligent fire detection framework that integrates multi-sensor Internet of Things data including temperature, humidity, flame, and sound signals with machine learning–based classification for indoor environments. Unlike conventional systems that rely on single-sensor or threshold-based detection, the proposed approach utilizes multi-sensor data fusion and ensemble learning to improve early fire-risk identification while remaining computationally efficient for low-cost platforms such as the ESP32 microcontroller.
Co-Authors - Kurniawan, - Achsan, Harry Tursulistyono Yani Adi Suryaputra Paramita Adi Wijaya Afriyani, Sintia Agustina, Dea Ahmad Sanmorino Alde Alanda, Alde Ali Amran Almohab, Hadi Alqudah, Mashal Kasem Alqudah, Musab Kasim Andri Andri Andriani, Putu Eka Anita Desiani Armoogum, Sheeba Armoogum, Vinaye Aryananda, Rangga Laksana Asro Asro Azali, Lalu M. Panji Aziz, RZ. Abdul Azmi, Nurhafifi Binti Bappoo, Soodeshna Batumalay, Malathy Bin Abdul Hadi, Abdul Razak Budi Prasetyo Bujang, Nurul Shaira Binti Chandra, Anurag CSA Teddy Lesmana Devi Udariansyah Diana Diana Dita Amelia, Dita Efrizoni, Lusiana Elyakim Nova Supriyedi Patty, Elyakim Nova Supriyedi Endro Setyo Cahyono, Endro Setyo Eva Yulia Puspaningrum Fadly Fadly Fara Disa Durry Fatoni, Fatoni Fikri, Ruki Rizal Nul Firosha, Ardian Fitriyani, Amelia Sofa Fuad, Eyna Fahera Binti Eddie Habib, Shabana Hanan, Nur Syuhana binti Abd Hasibuan, M.S. Hasibuan, Muhammad Siad Henderi . Hendra Kurniawan Heng, Chang Ding Hidayani, Nieta Hisham, Putri Aisha Athira binti Humairah, Sayyidah I Gede Susrama Mas Diyasa Irianto, Suhendro Y. Irwansyah Irwansyah Ismail, Abdul Azim Bin Isnawijaya, Isnawijaya Jayawarsa, A.A. Ketut Junfithranaa, Anggy Pradifta Kezhilen, Motean Khasanah, Eka Uswatun Kijsomporn, Jureerat Kurniawan, Tri Basuki Lexianingrum, Siti Rahayu Pratami Lies Sulistiani Lin, Leong Chi M Said Hasibuan M. Anjar Pamungkas M. Fariz Fadillah Mardianto Maizary, Ary Malik Cahyadin Mantena, Jeevana Sujitha MARIA BINTANG Mashal Alqudah Melanie, Nicolas Misinem, Misinem Mohd Salikon, Mohd Zaki Motean, Kezhilen Muhammad Islam, Muhammad Muhammad Nasir Muhayeddin, Abdul Muniif Mohd Murnawan, Murnawan Nathan, Yogeswaran Nazmi, Che Mohd Alif Nella Sumika Putri Okengwu, Ugochi Oktavia, Fania Onn, Choo Wou Panguluri, Padmavathi Periasamy, Jeyarani Pratiwi, Ananda Pratiwi, Firda Aulia Praveen, S Phani Putra, Muhammad Daffa Arviano Putrie, Andi Vania Ghalliyah R Rizal Isnanto Rahmadani, Olivia Rendra Gustriansyah Rizky, Wahyu Rizqi, Zakka Ugih Rufi'i Saelan, Saelan Samihardjo, Rosalim Saringat, Zainuri Setiawan, Ariyono Shinta Puspasari Singh, Harprith Kaur Rajinder Sirisha, Uddagiri Slamet Riyadi Sri Astuti Iriyani Sri Karnila Sri Lestari Sugiyarto Surono, Sugiyarto Sulaiman Helmi Sulaiman, Agus Sunda Ariana, Sunda Taqwa, Dwi Muhammad Tarigan, Masmur Thinakaran, Rajermani Triloka, Joko Trinawarman, Dedi Valentina, Amara Wahyu Caesarendra Wahyu Dwi Lestari Wahyuningdiah Trisari Harsanti Putri Wei, Aik Sam Wibaselppa, Anggawidia Widyangga, Pressylia Aluisina Putri Widyaningsih , Upik Wijayanti, Dian Eka Yahya Darmawan Yeh, Ming-Lang Yorman Zakari, Mohd Zaki Zakaria, Mohd Zaki