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Nurjazuli Nurjazuli
Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto, S.H.,Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia | Universitas Diponegoro
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Analisis Faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Kualitas Bekteriologis Air Minum Isi Ulang Tingkat Produsen Di Kota Semarang Tahun 2004. Asfawi, Supriyono; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli; Sulistiyani, Sulistiyani
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (2004): OKTOBER 2004
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.3.2.50 - 53

Abstract

ABSTRACK Background:Water represents an absolute medium to human life and other living things. However, water can also be the best media of diseases to spread. Therefore, before consumed, water has to be processed drinking to eliminate or degrade impure materials up to the safest level. As water becomes more problematic these days, it attracts the attention of drinking water refill depots to. Furthermore, dringking water that produce is not yet legalized and standardized in terms of its process. This research to know determine factors related to bacteriological quality of drinking water product drinking water  refill in Semarang City. Methods:This  research was an Explanatory Research. Using  observation with a cross sectional approach. Samples are determined with standard error of 10% from 49 depots divided proportionally towards the spreading of depots throughout Semarang city. The variables used are a parameter of the bacteriologic number of coliform, E_Coli germs. Data analysis using Test correlation of kontingensi chi-square to know relation between variable. Results:The result of this research shows the relation to the variables using Chi-square test, it is shown that the condition of standard water and the condition of Bacteria of refill drinking water are C = 0,494, p = 0,0001, consequently Ho rejects it. Correlation test of instrument condition and the bacteriologic quality of refill drinking water showed that when C = 0,178, p = 0,447, Ho accepts it. While correlation test of processing of drinking water and the bacteriologic quality of refill drinking water showed that when C = 0,346, p = 0,035,  Ho rejects it. Correlation test of hygienic officer of depot and the bacteriologic quality of refill drinking water shows that when C = 0,263, p = 0,162, so Ho accepts it. And correlation test of DAMIU sanitation and the bacteriologic quality of refill drinking water showed that C = 0,512, p = 0,0001, so Ho rejects it. Conclusions: All depots have not yet met the requirements of producing standard water as requested by Department of Health. The hygienic behavior of  workers is still poor. The bacteriologic quality of refill drinking water based on the result of lab. test indicates that 34 samples ( 69,4%) have fulfilled the requirements of standard  drinking water but the rest have not yet reached the minimum standard of drinking water. This matter is caused by the standard water which is used, the procedure of processing and the environmental condition of depot. Keyword; drinking water, refill depots, bacteriology quality
Hubungan Faktor Kesehatan Lingkungan dengan Tinggi Rendahnya House Index (HI) di Desa Endemis dan Desa Bebas Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kota Semarang Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli; Ginanjar, Praba
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 1, No 1 (2002): APRIL 2002
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.1.1.1 - 5

Abstract

Dengue Haemorhargic Fever was still one of the serious health problem, especially in urban area. Semarang is one of the endemic district area in central of Java with the highest incidence rate. In 1994, It had 15,24 per 10.000 population in incidence rate and 27,5 % of the house index. Three years after (1997), 124  among 177 villages ( 70,1 % ) in Semarang to be endemic. These situations  may be correlated to environmental factors i.e. water supply system and the housing condition. The objectives of this study was to know the relationship between the environmental health factor with the house index in free and endemic village of dengue haemorhargic fever ( DHF ). Cross-sectional design was used in this study. Samples were taken with stratified  random sampling  from two villages ( 75 from free area of DHF and 75 from endemic area. The study took place in Bendan Duwur ( as endemic area ) and Ngijo ( as free area )  of DHF. The collected data would be analyzed using Chi-Square techniques at 0,05 level of significance. The results of this study, there was no relationship between environmental health factor and the house index. On the other hand, trere was relationship between the cleaning of breeding places of mosquitoes and the house index ( p = 0,013 ). Keywords:  Environmental Health Factor, House Index, Semarang,1999
Faktor Risiko dan Potensi Penularan Tuberkulosis Paru di Kabupaten Kendal , Jawa Tengah Wulandari, Agustina Ayu; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli; Adi, M. Sakundarno
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 14, No 1 (2015): April 2015
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.14.1.7 - 13

Abstract

Background:Pulmonary tuberculosis (pulmonary TB) is an infectious disease that continues to increase and was a global problem, the number of new cases findings in Kendal showed a rising trend. The prevalence of TB has fluctuated and is likely to increaseby 124 per100,000 populationin 2013. Environmental and behavioral risk factors were factors closely associated with pulmonary TB transmission. One patient with pulmonary TB BTA(+) has the potential to infect other people. This study aimed to know risk factors and the potential forpulmonary tuberculosis transmission to family members. Methods: It was an observational using case control and cross-sectional desing. The subjects ofthis study was 130 people consisted of 65 cases and 65 controls. Data analysis using chi square test and binary logistic regression. Results: Results of sputum examination in contactracing as many as 65 people were successfully retrieved from 44 cases of research, the results showed that there are 3 smear positive(4.6%) and 62 negative smear (95.4%). Risk factors that affect the incidence of lung tuberculosis is residential densityp=0.002, OR=7.841, CI=2.126 to 28.920, room temperature p=0.001, OR=8.048, CI=2.279 to 28.424, p=0.018 indoor humidity, OR=4.705, CI=1.310 to 16.894, the type of house floorp=0.016, OR=5.266, CI=1.356 to 20.446, a habit of throwing sputumany placep=0.016, OR=4.402, CI=1.322 to 14.660, habit cough / sneeze without closing them out hp =<0.001, OR=9.137, CI=2.694 to 30.992. Conclusions: This study concluded that residential density, room temperature, indoor humidity, the type of floor of the house, the habit of throwing sputum any place, habit cough / sneeze without covering them out hare risk factor sincidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in district Kendal. Keywords :Risk factors, pulmonary tuberculosis, transmission.
Kajian Manajemen Sanitasi Lingkungan di Pelabuhan Pontianak Sutrisno, Sutrisno; Raharjo, Mursid; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 8, No 2 (2009): Oktober 2009
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.8.2.52 - 62

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Management of environmental sanitation is an activity to create a condition of healthy & sustainable environment in the Harbor area. Activities at Pontianak Port can cause health problems including pollution of air, soil, water, and food/beverage and may cause of high risk disease. In 2007, total number of disease cases was 1.277. Number of diseases based on environment was 1.057 (82.77%) that consisted of 407 cases of Acute Tract Respiratory Infection (31.87%), 317 cases Diarrhea (24.82%), 105 cases thypus abdominalis (8.22%), 70 cases Allergy Dermatitis (5.48%), 64 cases Conjunctivitis (5.01%), 49 cases Eye Irritation (3.84%), and 45 cases Taenia Pedis (3.52%). Number of diseases which was not based on environment was 220 cases (17.23%) that consisted of 139 cases of General Weakness (10.88%), 59 cases of Hypotension (3.92%), and 31 cases of Gastritis (2.43%). Method: Design of this research was a descriptive-explorative study using qualitative analysis. Number of sample was 22 persons carried out by using a purposive sampling. Data were collected primarily and secondarily to identify and to analyze five aspects of management from six components of harbor’s environmental sanitation. Furthermore, inspection of sanitation, sample test, survey, eradication, and management analysis were performed. Result: Result of this research showed that in drinking water, number of MPN Coli form was high (96, 240, 240, 240, 12). Canteen had a high risk to be polluted for  the procedure (80%), place (100%), and management (100%). Condition of kitchen and cooking tools inside a ship was dirty. There were 10 carts, 5 containers, and 46 toilets. There was no installation of waste water processing and absorption. Vector control used fogging, providing abate powder to eradicate larva of mosquito, and trapping of rat. Inspection of sanitation is sometimes done in a half of sanitation components. Managerial institution had a different focus in terms of a cost and an activity and it is not coordinative. Regulation of Health Ministry No. 340 year1985 had not performed consistently. Community had a complaint in the availability of environmental sanitation facilities quantitatively and qualitatively. Conclusion: Management of environmental sanitation at Pontianak Port has not been in accordance with the health standard which is published by the government (Health Department of Indonesia Republic) and international world (International Health Regulation/ IHR 2005). It is suggested to manage Harbor’s sanitation continually and to implement a strict  regulation in order to reach condition of public health optimally. Keywords : management, environmental sanitation, Harbor, Pontianak
Hubungan Pajanan Pestisida dengan Gangguan Keseimbangan Tubuh Petani Hortikultura di Kecamatan Ngablak Kabupaten Magelang Samosir, Kholilah; Setiani, Onny; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 16, No 2 (2017): Oktober 2017
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.16.2.63-69

Abstract

Latar belakang, Upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi pertanian agar tanaman tidak rusak oleh hama dan penyakit petani menggunakan pestisida dengan harapan mampu meningkatkan hasil pertanian dan serta dapat membuat biaya pengelolaan pertanian menjadi lebih efisien dan ekonomis. Pestisida dapat bersifat akut, kronis maupun sistemik, yang dapat menyerang sistem syaraf ,salah satunya gangguan keseimbangan,hati atau liver,dan keseimbangan hormonal dengan cara mempengaruhi kerja enzim. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui hubungan pajanan  pestisida dengan gangguan keseimbangan tubuh pada petani hortikultura di Kecamatan Ngablak, Kabupaten Magelang.Metode, penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitan adalah petani yang termasuk dalam kelompok tani desa Sumberejo. Sampel adalah petani desa Sumberejo yang memenuhi kriteria sebanyak 70 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner, pemeriksaan kolinesterase dalam darah menggunakan Spectrophotometer, dan gangguan keseimbangan tubuh dengan menggunakan romberg test.Hasil, Sebanyak 14,3 % petani dari hasil pemeriksaan kadar kolinesterase pada petani desa Sumberejo di Kecamatan Ngablak mengalami keracunan pestisida dan 34,3% petani dari hasil pemeriksaan romberg test mengalami gangguan keseimbangan, dari hasil uji chi square menunjukkan ada hubungan antara masa kerja  nilai (p = 0,036),lama kerja per hari (p = 0,015), penggunaan alat pelindung diri (p = 0,035 dan kadar kolinesterase (p = 0,000 dengan gangguan keseimbangan dan tidak ada hubungan antara frekuensi, jumlah, jenis, dosis, cara penyemprotan, dan pengelolaan pestisida dengan gangguan keseimbangan tubuhKesimpulan, faktor risiko masa kerja petani, lama kerja per hari,cara penyemprotan, penggunaan alat pelindung diri mempengaruhi adanya kadar kolinesterase dalam darah yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan keseimbangan tubuh. ABSTRACTBackground: Efforts to increase agricultural production to prevent damage or plant from past and deseae are using pesticides. It is expected to increase the agricultural yields and also can make the cost of management cheaper and economical. The pesticide give rice to cause acute, chronic or systemic poisoning. Pesticides can attack nervous system, and cause body balance disorder, The liver disorder, stomach, the immune system and the hormonal balance affect the action of enzyme. The purpose of this research was to the assocation between the pesticide exposure and body balance disorders on horticultura farmers in Ngablak sub district, Magelang District.The method: This research used the observational analiytic method with cross-sectional approach. The population in this research were horticultura farmers of Sumberejo village. The sample in this research were farmers that meet the inclusion criteria. Data collection used the questionnaire, cholinesterase in blood by spectrophotometer, examination the body were disorder was measured by the romberg test. The number of samples in this research ballance 70 farmer in Ngablak sub district, Magelang District.The results: The average level of cholinesterase of the farmer at Sumberejo village in Ngablak sub-district showered that 14,3% were poisoned by pesticide. The study result showed that 34,3% horticultura farmer at Ngablak sub-district suffered ao body balance disorder. Based on chi-square test it showed a assocation between the working period (=0,036), the duration day of work (p=0,015), the personal protective aquipment (p=0,035), the average level of cholinesterase (p=0,000) balance disorders and there is no relationship between the number, type, management, frequency and dose of pesticide spraying with body.The conclusion: Of this research, risk factor of the farmer’s working, the length of work, the spraying method, personal protective equipment effect the avarage level of cholinesterae in blood can cause distrurbance of body balance horticultura farmers.
Analisis Spasial Karakteristik Lingkungan dan Dinamika Kepadatan Anopheles sp. Pengaruhnya terhadap Kejadian Malaria di Kecamatan Seram Barat Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat Maluku Watmanlusy, Efraim; Raharjo, Mursid; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 18, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.18.1.12-18

Abstract

Latar belakang: Kecamatan Seram Barat merupakan salah satu wilayah di bagian timur Indonesiayang endemis malariadan dikategorikan tinggi dengan indikator API diatas angka nasional. Angka kesakitan malaria per 1000 penduduk pada tiga tahun terakhir fluktuatif dimana API tahun 2014 (22,8‰), 2015(6,147‰) dan 2016 (9,03‰) dengan441kasus klinis,248kasus positif, ditemukan 23 spesies namun belumterkonfirmasi sebagai vektor malaria.Tujuan : Menganalisis secara spasial karakteritik linkungan dan dinamika kepadatan Anopheles sp. pengharunya terhadap kejadian malaria di Kecamatan Seram Barat.Metode : Jenis Penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik, desainnyacross sectionalyang pelaksananya di Kecamatan Seram Barat terhadap 100 orang yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi  dan Penangkapan nyamuk dengan metode upan orang didalam dan di halaman rumah. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square.Hasil :Hasil penelitian ditemukan 41 reponden positif malaria, 5 spesies Anopheles sp. yakni An.vagus, An.teselaltus, An.kochi, An.barbirotris, An.farautidan tidak terkonfirmasi sebagai vektor malaria, variabel yang mempengaruhi kejadian malaria adalah Suhu udara (p= 0,022, PR = 2,082), Kelembaban (p= 0,003, PR = 3,421),Kepadatan Anopheles sp. (p=0,001, PR = 2,853), Jarak Breeding places (0,000, RP= 10,054). Kesimpulanadalahtedapat 41 kasus, 5 spesies Anopheles sp. Suhu udara, kelembaban, kepadatan Anopheles sp, jarak breeding placesmempengaruhi kejadian malaria, tidak ditemukan Anopheles sp sebagai vektor malaria di Seram Barat berdasakan hasil uji PCR ABSTRACTTitle: Spatial Analysis of Environmental characteristics and Dynamics of Density Anopheles sp. As The Effect on Malaria Case in West Seram District, Western Area of Seram Regency, Maluku.Background: West Seram District is one of the regions in eastern Indonesia that became malaria endemic area and categorized as high with the API indicator above the national figure. The number of malaria morbidity, per 1000 of population, had been fluctuating in last three years which shown by API in 2014 (22.8 ‰), 2015 (6,147 ‰) and 2016 (9.03 ‰) with 441 clinical cases, 248 positive cases, 23 species have been found but it has not been confirmed yet as a malaria vector. The purpose of the study is to analyze spatially the characteristics of the environment and the dynamics of the density from Anopheles sp. as the effect on the case of malaria in West Seram District.Methods: the type of this research is boservational analytic with cross sectional design. The research was held in West Seram District toward 100 people that were selected by purposive sampling.The collecting data had been done through interview, observation, and catching the mosquitoes using bait people method inside and outside the house yard. The analysis were using chi-square test.Result : The results of the study found 41 respondents positive for malaria, 5 species of Anopheles sp. namely An.vagus, An.teselaltus, An. kochi, An. barbirotris, and An. farauti. The variables affecting the case of malaria were air temperature (p = 0.022, PR = 2.082), humidity (p = 0.003, PR = 3.421), density of Anopheles sp. (p = 0.001, PR = 2,853), breeding places distances (0,000, RP = 10,054). The result of PCR test shows that there are no species containing Plamodium were found. Conclusion;The result detected  41 cases, identified 5 species of Anopheles sp. air temperature, humidity, density of Anopheles sp, distance of breeding places affecting the case of malaria. There are no Anopheles sp were found as a malaria vector in Seram Barat based on PCR test result.
Kajian Gangguan Fungsi Paru Pada Pekerja Pengelasan Di Kecamatan Mertoyudan Kabupaten Magelang Sukawati, Endang; Setiani, Onny; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 13, No 2 (2014): Oktober 2014
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.13.2.45 - 50

Abstract

Background: Welders are at high risk for suffering from pulmonary function disorders. A preliminary study revealed that as many as 50% of welders suffered from this kind of disease. This study aimed to explain risk factors associated with the occurrence of pulmonary function disorders among welders in their workshops. Methods: It was observational research with cross-sectional approach. Number of samples ware 47 welders worker at industries. Pulmonary function testing was measured using Spirometer Lab III. While, dust levels inside workplace were measured using Low Volume Sampler (LVS). Results: Factors of dust levels (p=0.475; PR=1.278), duration of exposure (p=0.697; PR=1.231), nutritional status (p=0.077; PR=1.913) and number of cigarettes more than 9 rods a day (p=0.037; PR=1.765) had no significant association with pulmonary function disorders. On the other hand, factors of age (p=0.011; PR=1.965), length of work more than 5 years (p<0.001; PR=9.257), length of smoking (p=0.024; PR=1.878) had significant association with pulmonary function disorders. Furthermore, multivariate analysis showed that the length of work more than 5 years was the most dominant variables influencing pulmonary function disorders (p=0.007 and Exp(B) with 95%CI=24,158 (2.348 – 248.516). Conclusion: Welders who have been working more than 5 years are 24 times as likely to have pulmonary function disorders as those who have been working less than or equal to 5 years.    Keywords: Dust Levels, Pulmonary Function Disorders
Hubungan Paparan Merkuri (Hg) Dengan Kejadian Gangguan Fungsi HatiPada Pekerja Tambang Emas di Wonogiri Dewanti, Nikie Astorina Yunita; Setiani, Onny; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.12.1.64 - 69

Abstract

Background: Traditional gold mining activities that using WOA/ amalgamation can cause Hg emissions to the environment. The emissions could raise mercury poisoning in the environment and human. Liver as a major part of the metabolism and accumulation of Hg in the human body, so that Hg could lead to liver damage. In the previous research, Hg exposure in male rats caused hepatotoxicosis. Average blood mercury levels of workers was 53.5 μg/m3. Objective: To determine the association between mercury (Hg) exposure and theoccurance of liver dysfunction on gold mine workers at Jendi Village, sub-district Selogiri, Wonogiri District. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study, total sample were 41 workers. The data obtained from the results of laboratory tests of blood samples and the results of the interview respondents.Data would be analyzed using biavariate and multivariate statstic test. Results:There was 41.16% of respondents were miners, processors as well as grates, the average of working period was 10 years, work duration 6 hours a  day and 6 days a week. 97.56% of respondents have blood mercury levels above normal (U.S. EPA: 5.8 ppb). Elevated levels of SGOT experienced by 24.4% of respondents , SGPT 17.1% of  respondents and ALP 58.8% of  respondents or as much as 68.3% of respondents having liver disfunction. There was no difference incidence of liver dysfunction seen from the type of work (p value = 0.459), There was no assossiation between  work duration, work period and blood mercury  levels with the incidence of liver disfunction in workers (p value = 0.148; 0.408 and 0.608). There was a relationship between blood mercury levels with SGPT as an indicator of liver dysfunction (p value = 0.042) Conclusion: Overall, the data did not provide strong evidence that mercury exposure associated with incidence of liver disfunction.   Keywords: mercury exposure, liver disfunction, SGOT, SGPT, ALP
Analisis Penerapan Metode Kaporitisasi Sederhana Terhadap Kualitas Bakteriologis Air PMA. Rohim, Miftahur; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli; Joko, Tri
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2006): OKTOBER 2006
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.5.2.39 - 44

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Water bacteriological quality is a parameter required for fresh water. The bacteriological content  is high because of the contamination from surrounding or activity of people near the area. From fact in the field, most of water bacteriological quality in Indonesia is still worse. In Flores land area, especially in Boawae the water from PMA are not treated by a good tretment water. Result of water quality monitoring program in Boawae, indicating that the MPN Coli Content is 210 Col/100 ml sample. One of the alternatives is to improve bacteriological quality is by using chlorination process of the PMA water. The aim of the study was to analyze the difference between physicchemist parameter and bacteriological parameter in PMA water after chlorinated by using three methods (Single Tube an Layered Tube and Molasses Tube). Methods: The research was experimental research with one group and after intervention design. Number of sample is 270: 30 samples of PMA water control, 120 samples before treatment and 120 samples after the treatment. The physicochemist sample and bacteriological sample has examinate according to examination procedure in laboratory. Data was analyzed by using method of univariate, bivariate and multivariate as Kruskal Wallis test and Cochran test. Results: The result of the research showed that from the treatment of a single tube, layered tube and molasses tube was found that there were  differences among parameters of pH, TDS, Chlor, Fe, Mn, NO2 , NO3 , CaCO3 , Coliform total, E.Coli with a 5%  p=0,0001. Conclusion : It is concluded that based on parameter of Chlor, Coliform total and E.Coli, the better and suitable devices of water  treatment is Layered Tube Key Words : Clean Water, Chlorination and Bacteriological
Studi Deskriptif Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) Dengan Pendekatan Spasial Di Kota Kupang (Analisis Data sekunder Tahun 2010-2011) Maran, Albertus Ata; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli; Suhartono, Suhartono
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 11, No 2 (2012): Oktober 2012
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.11.2.114 - 122

Abstract

Background :Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF), an endemic disease in Kupang, has been an enormous healthissue throughout years, as it frequently causes outbreak. The risk factors of the disease, according to certainvariables; time, location, civil and population density, climate, precipitation, temperature, humidity, and diseaseincidence, are still remaining unknown. Therefore, no predictive agent to estimate the DHF outbreak in Kupang hasbeen found.Methode : The research is a obsevasional study, with a spatial approach. The research variables were inspectedat same time and the samples were taken from the whole population; all secondary data on Health Departmentregistration record of Kupang. The data was presented on tables and were analyzed by descriptive method.Result : The result of the secondary data analysis indicated that the endemic trend of DHF profile in Kupang hasbeen decreasing over the last 2 years, however the number of exposed area towards DHF endemic increases. DHFIR showed decreasing trend; particular decline was noted on 2011 (55.45 per 100.000 people) compared to 2010.Highest proportion of DHF patient was found on age 5 – 9 years, followed by age 1 – 4 years, and age 15-19 years.There was changed phenomenon in time, distribution pattern and age; from younger age into productive age,with increasing proportion. There were 6 kecamatan and 44 kelurahan that proned to DHF. DHF IR reached thehighest point at 2010, in Kecamatan Kota Raja (122.80 per 100.000 people), the lowest point indicated atKecamatan Kelapa Lima 50.55 per 100.000 people. In 2011, highest IR was indicated at Kecamatan Kota Lama(84.64 per 100.000 people) while the lowest IR indicated at Kecamatan Alak (35.40 per 100.000 people). Certainfactors are believed to take effect on DHF incidence, these factors are; population density, location, precipitation,air temperature and humidity.Keywords: DHF, incidence, descriptive, spatial
Co-Authors A'yunina, Anggun Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Abudin, Syafii Afriyanto Afriyanto Agustina Ayu Wulandari, Agustina Ayu Albertus Ata Maran Alfadhylla Rosalina Wibisono Alfan Aulia Alice Ximenis Naben Anak Agung Gede Sugianthara Anies Anies Apriyana Irjayanti Ari Suwondo Aris Santjaka Arum Sari, Anika Arum Siwiendrayanti Ashanur Jenni, Ashanur Astorina Yunita Dewanti, Nikie Atik Mawarni Ayun Sriatmi B Budiyono Bagoes Widjanarko Bahtiar Bahtiar Baji Subagyo Bari'ah, Asti Awiyatul Bayu Chondro Purnomo Billy Zia Napoleon Bayusunuputro Bina Ikawati Budi, Waella Septamari Budiono Budiono Budiyono Budiyono Budiyono Budiyono Cecilia Sri Rahayu David Laksamana Caesar, David Laksamana Deby Hizky Butarbutar Deviandhoko Deviandhoko Devina Alya Maulida Dian Nur Afriliani Dinar Matsnanuha Khalista Diyah Nur Ekowati Dorce Mengkidi, Dorce Dorsanti, Desy Mery Dwi Saptarini, Swastika Dyah Puji Lestari, Dyah Puji Edo Muhammad Edwina Leonita Pyopyash Eko Handoyo Eko Sediyono El Muzdalifa Elsa Christiana Hutajulu Elvi Sunarsih Elza Muthia Septanti Endang Sukawati, Endang Eni Mahawati Eny Hastuti, Eny Erlina Krisanti Fatma Nur Suryaningrum Fauziyyah, Rizqiana Fernando P, Nickolas Fikri Faidul Jihad Gandha Sunaryo Putra Hanan Lanang Dangiran, Hanan Lanang Hanif Tegar Muktiana Sari Haryati Boimau, Curniasti Duhitantia Humaira Rofidah Zahra Ike Ani Windiastuti Intan Ayuning Astuti irene silitonga, irene Islamiyati, Nur Izza Hananingtyas Jamal Hisham Hashim James Khristian Imbiri Juliana, Cut Karroghi, Silmi Aziza Kartika Dian Pertiwi Khairunnisa, Shafira Mutia Kholilah Samosir Kuswati Kuswati Laliyanto Laliyanto Linda Triana Lubriyana, Triyani M. Sakundarno Adi Marisdayana, Rara Martha Irene Kartasurya Martini Martini Masfufatun Juni, Masfufatun Mateus Sakundarno Adi, Mateus Sakundarno Maurend Yayank Lewinsca Maurend Yayank Lewinsca Meta Suryani, Meta MG Catur Yuantari Miftahur Rohim, Miftahur Mochammad Imron Awalludin Muh, Fauzi Muhammad Addin Rizaldi MUHAMMAD ALI Mujiarto, Eko Mursid Rahardjo Mursid Rahardjo Mursid Raharjo Murthya Azhari Nabilah Zahra Nadiva Dzikriyati Nadiva Dzikriyati Nikie Astorina Yunita Dewanti Nikie Astorina Yunita Dewanti Nikie Astorina Yunita Dewanti Nopi Reknasari Nopriwan Nopriwan Nur Endah Wahyuningsih Onny Setiani Paramastri, Nerpadita Poppi Nastasia Yunita Dewi Praba Ginanjar Pradnyandari, Ida Ayu Tika Pramudiyo Teguh Sucipto, Pramudiyo Teguh Purnama, Wary Purwanto, Anto Purwita Sari, Purwita Pusaka, Semerdanta Qolifah, Lina Nur Rahanyamtel, Robo Rahman, Muhammad Auliya Rasyid, Khairul Retno Wulandari Richard Victor Ombuh Riyana Husna Riyana Husna Rizka Dwiyovita Rizky Aulia Salsabila AM ro'isah - ayu Rodhwa Asma&#039; Amanina Rositian, Ade Melia Rosmiati Saleh Rozi, Choirul Rusiyati Rusiyati Samal, Rizky Febryan Samsul N Hidayat, Samsul N Sari Lestari Rahmawati Septo Pawelas Arso Sigit Tri Ambarwanto, Sigit Tri Siti Fitriatun, Siti Siti Maisyaroh Bakti Pertiwi Siti Vitria Nurpauji, Siti Vitria Siti Yulaekah, Siti Slamet Budiono Slamet Wardoyo Solly Aryza Sri Handayani Sri Mulyati Sri Ratna Astuti, Sri Ratna Sriratih, Eldrajune Agnes Suci Kurniawati Sudarmanto Sudarmanto, Sudarmanto Suhartono Suhartono, Suhartono Sujarwo Sujarwo Sularno, Suryo SULISTIYANI SULISTIYANI Sulistiyani Sulistiyani Sulistyani Sulistyani Supriyono Asfawi Sutrisno Anggoro Sutrisno, Sutrisno Suwito Suwito Syamsulhuda BM Teguh Budi Prijanto, Teguh Budi Tri Joko Tri Joko Tri Joko Tri Joko Tri Joko Trijoko Trijoko Tuakong, Wigberta Mogi Untari Fajar Suryani Untung Sujianto Vijja Ratano Vira Tika Yuniar Virgianti, Liza Wahyu Widyantoro Wahyudi Wahyudi Wardana, Lalu Muhammad Fikri Watmanlusy, Efraim Wikri Eko Putra Yana afrina Yana Afrina Yigibalom, Nofi Yundari, Yundari Yuni Pradilla Fitri, Yuni Pradilla Yusniar Hanani Yusniar Hanani D., Yusniar Yusniar Hanani Darundianti Yusniar Hanani Darundiati Yusniar Hanani Darundiati Zeta Rina Pujiastuti, Zeta Rina