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Journal : Media Veteriner

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Throughout the developing world, working animals are still vital important power bases of the small farmers' systems of production and transportation. With economic development, there is a growing interest in the animals for pleasure purposes, not only for aesthetic value but also for sport requiring speed and stamina for racing and other physical performances. An understanding of the physiology of exercise of animals is therefore needed including practical application such as to evaluate c Djokowoerjo Sastradipradja; I Ketut Sumadi; I Gede Mahardika
Media Veteriner Vol. 6 No. 1 (1999): Media Veteriner
Publisher : Media Veteriner

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Abstract

Throughout the developing world, working animals are still vital important power bases of the small farmers' systems of production and transportation. With economic development, there is a growing interest in the animals for pleasure purposes, not only for aesthetic value but also for sport requiring speed and stamina for racing and other physical performances. An understanding of the physiology of exercise of animals is therefore needed including practical application such as to evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness and information on training for improvement in health related fitness and performance. Under the existing local condition, success have been reached to record heart rate of animals telemetrically over extended periods, and to measure longterm body energy expenditures of large animals (buffalo) involving energy balance approaches and ill vivo body composition measurements by the water displacement method. These measurements enable the development of a modest practical fitness guideline for exercising swamp/ water buffalo, e.g. V02 = (0.1 X + 3.4) ml/min/kg BW for walking, and V02 =(0.2 X + 3.4) ml/min/kg BW for trot at 100-250 m/min speed. This value at a given speed offers a measure of running economy. The value of the oxygen pulse as an index of fitness is presented, above 0.05 is regarded athletic, while lower than 0.05 is the opposite. For the female buffalo the value is 0.066 at rest but decreases with exercise of pulling a load due to moving the body with a slower speed. Male buffalo has a higher oxygen pulse, 0.094 at rest and increases with exercise. Training seems to improve the oxygen pulse. These data enable the calculation of the heart's stroke volume and the O2 debt, which are other parameters of fitness. The field of exercise physiology of athletic animals in Indonesia should be explored. The acquisition of a treadmill, blood gas analysis and ergocardiorespirometry equipment for large athletic animals would be an advantage.
Co-Authors ., PROF.DRS. NENGAH BAWA ATMAJA, M.A A. W. Puger Ade Kiki Sintya Dewi Adnyana I P. G. G. Ameliya, Riska Anak Agung Ayu Sri Trisnadewi Anak Agung Putu Putra Wibawa Andini, Ni Putu Mega Arnawa I W. Bernika J.S. Bulu, Sosiawan CANDRADIARTA I P. M. Darmayasa, Dewa Komang Dewi, Ade Kiki Sintya Dharmawan N.S Dharmawan, I N.S. Djokowoerjo Sastradipradja Dwipayana I K. B Febryanti F. A. G.A.M. KRISTINA DEWI Gertrudis Vebriyanti Kahar Gusti A Malelak Gusti Ayu Mayani Kristina Dewi HARDIAWAN N. D HARDIAWAN N. D. Hartadi W. D. I Dewa Ketut Sastrawidana I G A Surya Utami Dewi I G. Lanang Oka Cakra I G. N. Kayana, I G. N. I Gede Ketut Sri Budarsa I Gede Putu Kawiana I GUSTI AYU MANIK ERMAYANTI I GUSTI LANANG OKA I Gusti Lanang Oka I Gusti Lanang Wiratma I K. E. A., Putrayasa I K. K. Agustina I K. SUMADI I Kadek Swastika I Kadek Yoga Kertiyasa I KETUT ARYANA I Ketut Catur Marbawa I Ketut Mangku Budiasa I Ketut Sumadi I Komang Budaarsa I M. Mudita I M. SUASTA I M. Y., Artawan I Made Adhika I Made Damriyasa I Made Dira Swantara I Made Dwi Setiawan I Made Nuriyasa I Made Rasta I Made Sara Wijana I N. Suastaka I Nengah Sujaya I Nengah Wirajana I NYOMAN RAI I P. A. Astawa I P. A. Astawa I P. A. Astawa I P. A. ASTAWA I Putu Andre Japani Satya Saputra I Putu Ari Astawa I Putu Suyadnya, I Putu I W BUDIARSA SUYASA I W. Suarna I W. SUDIASTRA I W. SUKANATA I Wayan Sandi Adnyana I Wayan Suarna I Wayan Sujana I. B. Sudana I. M. Mastika I. W. Suama I.G.A.M. ARYASIH I.W Kasa I.W. Kasa IDA AYU ASTARINI Ida Ayu Putu Sri Mahapatni Ida Ayu Putu Widani Sugianingrat Ida Bagus Gaga Partama Ida Bagus Made Oka Ida Bagus Ngurah Swacita Ida Bagus Sudana Ika Kurniawati Indra Arimahayana Iryanti Eka Suprihatin K. Yogi Purnamawati Kadek Karang Agustina Kadek Rihendra Dantes Kartikasari D Kencana Jaya IP.G.A.S Ketut Gede Suryawan Komang Suciani Paramita L. Doloksaribu Luh Dewi Anggreni Lumbansiantar M. M Ariasih M. Sudiana Mahendra Made Antara Made Novia Indriani Magna Anuraga Putra Duarsa N. K. S. P., Dewi N. N. Suryani N. P. Mariani N.N. Suryani N.S. Dharmawan Nasrullah H. I. Ngurah Kayana, I Gusti Ni Luh Putu Sriyani Ni Made Diani Ni Made Indra Wahyuni Ni Nyoman Ayu Widyasari Ni Nyoman Suryani NI PUTU MARIANI Ni Putu Mega Andini Ni Putu Putri Wijayanti Ni Putu Sarini Ni Putu Sarini Ni Wayan Suniasih Nyoman Sadra Dharmawan Oka A.A P. E. N., Putri P.A. Astawa Perdana, Sigit Pranata I P. Y. A. Prawira I G. I. K. Putu Lakustini Cahyaningrum PUTU SUYADNYA Putu Vindhy Chempaka Putri S. PUTRA S. Putra S. Putra Saransi A. U. Sastrawan I P. L. Sastrawan P. K. P. N SENTANA PUTRA SENTANA PUTRA Sentana Putra Sigit Perdana Simbolon M. Y. Sinta Dewi R. A. Sio Stefanus, Sio Sosiawan Bulu Sri Dian Meita Sari Suasta I M. Suasta IM. Supriana I M. Surya Kencana Jaya P. G. A. Tjokorda Gede Belawa Yadnya Udayana P. W. K. Wayan Andhika Putrayasa Wedayani, Ni Made Widnyani D A. P. Yusadana P.