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Journal : Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business

TRADE SPECIALIZATION INDICES: TWO COMPETING MODELS Saleh, Samsubar; Widodo, Tri
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business Vol 25, No 2 (2010): May
Publisher : Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business

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Abstract

Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index by Balassa (1965) is intensively applied in empirical studies on countries’ comparative advantage or trade specialization.Asymmetric problem in the criteria of RCA index encourages Dalum et al. (1998) and Laursen (1998) to make Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) index. Thesetwo indexes are commonly employed in econometric models for analyzing countries’ trade specialization. This paper aims to compare theoretically and empirically the twocompeting econometric models, one using RCA and the other using RSCA. The ASEAN countries’ comparative advantages are presented for the empirical case studies. Thispaper concludes that RSCA can, to some extent, reduce the “outlier problem” of RCA in the econometric model; therefore, the model using RSCA can be more statistically reliablethan the model using RCA. The two econometric models might not be suitable for forecasting purposes since the estimated values could theoretically violate their criteria ofcomparative advantage and disadvantage. In the cases of ASEAN countries, we find empirically that the model using RSCA is statistically more reliable than the one usingRCA. The ASEAN countries have exhibited de-specialization.JEL classification: F10, F14, F17Keywords: Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA).
CHARACTERISTICS OF JAPANESE HOUSEHOLD’S DEMAND Widodo, Tri; Donna, Duddy Roesmara
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business Vol 24, No 3 (2009): September
Publisher : Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business

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Abstract

This paper estimates and analyzes the characteristics of Japanese household’s demand on goods and services, i.e. (1) Food, (2) Housing, (3) Fuel, light and water charges, (4)Furniture and household utensils, (5) Clothes and footwear, (6) Medical care, (7) Transportation and communication, (8) Education, (9) Reading and recreation, and (10)Other living expenditure. This paper applies Linear Expenditure System (LES) model and seemingly uncorrelated regression (SUR) estimation method. Put (10) other living expenditure aside, this paper has exhibited some conclusions. First, increases in income(above supernumerary income) will be proportionally allocated more for (1) Food, (5) Clothes and footwear, (9) Reading and recreation, (7) Transportation and communication and (8) Education. Second, both demand and cross-price elasticities are inelastic. Third, demand on (4) Furniture and household utensils, (5) Clothes and footwear and (6) Education are income elastic.Keywords: elasticity, Linear Expenditure System (LES), Seemingly UncorrelatedRegression (SUR)
The Method of Constant Market Shares (CMS) – Competitiveness Effect Reconsidered: Case Studies of ASEAN Countries Widodo, Tri
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business Vol 23, No 3 (2008): July
Publisher : Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business

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Abstract

Constant Market Share (CMS) merupakan alat analisis empiris yang banyak digunakan untuk melihat kinerja ekspor suatu negara. CMS pertama kali dikenalkan oleh Tyszynki (1951), namun CMS versi Leamer dan Stern (1970) lebih banyak digunakan dalam penelitian empiris. Menurut Leamer dan Stern (1970), perubahan nilai ekspor suatu negara dapat dipilih menjadi empat efek yaitu (a) efek trendekspor dunia, (b) efek distribusi pasar (c) efek komposisi komoditi dan (d) residual tidak-terjelaskan (efek daya saing). Kritik Richardson (1971a, 1971b) terhadap CMS versi ini tidak mengurangi popularitasnya.Menurut Fagerberg and Sollie (1987), ketidakmampuan mengidentifikasi residual tidak-terjelaskan (efek daya saing) merupakan kelemahan mendasar CMS versi ini. Fagerberg dan Sollie mengembangkan lebih lanjut CMS versi Tyszynki (1951).Paper ini memiliki dua bagian utama. Pertama, paper ini mendiskusikan secara komprehensif metode-metode CMS tersebut dan kemudian memperbaiki CMS versi Leamer dan Stern (1970) berdasarkan kritik Richardson (1971a, 1971b) dan Fagerberg dan Sollie (1987). Paper ini menurunkan rumus baru CMS dimana perubahan nilai ekspor suatu negara dapat dipilah menjadi enam efek yaitu (a) efek trend ekspor dunia (b) efek pangsa pasar (c) efek komposisi komoditi (d) efek komposisi pasar (e) efek adaptasi komoditi dan (f) efek adaptasi pasar. Versi baru CMS ini mengoreksi kelemahan versi Leamer danSterm (1970) berkaitan dengan subyektivitas penentuan urutan efek distribusi pasar dan efek komposisi komoditi, interpretasi efek daya saing dan penggunaan indeks.Kedua, metode CMS baru ini kemudian diaplikasikan untuk menganalisis kinerja ekspor negaranegara ASEAN (Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand dan Philippine) untuk periode 1980-1985, 1985-1990, 1990-1995, 1995-2001 dan 2001-2006. Paper ini berkesimpulan bahwa trend ekspor dunia memiliki peranan dominan terhadap kinerja ekspor negara-negara ASEAN. Regionalism dan ekonomi integrasi pada periode 1990-1995membawa perubahan pola perdagangan, dimana pada periode ini perdagangan intraregionallebih dominan. Efek pangsa pasar dan efek komposisi pasar juga lebih signifikan mempengaruhi kinerja ekspor negara-negara ASEAN pada periode tersebut.Keywords: Constant Market Share (CMS), Commodity Adaptation Effect and Market Adaptation Effect.
INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION: INDONESIAN MANUFACTURE Widodo, Tri
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business Vol 20, No 4 (2005): October
Publisher : Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business

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Abstract

Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) merupakan isu sentral dalam Industrial-Organization (IO). Analisis SCP biasanya menggunakan pendekatan parsial dan liniersederhana, Structure mempengaruhi Conduct dan Performance. Dalam dunia nyata,Structure, Conduct dan Performance memiliki hubungan yang terkait satu dengan yanglain (interaktif). Paper ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis model SCP interaktif untukmenganalis SCP industri manufaktur Indonesia dan mengaplikasikan model ekonometrikpersamaan simultan. Paper ini berkesimpulan bahwa konsentrasi tidak dapat dijadikanvariabel eksogen untuk perilaku perusahaan-perusahaan (conduct) dan kinerja pasar(performance) seperti dalam paradigma SCP.Keywords: Structure-Conduct-Performance; Industrial Organization; Interactive Model.
THE IMPACT OF EDUCATION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDONESIA Reza, Faizal; Widodo, Tri
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business Vol 28, No 1 (2013): January
Publisher : Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business

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Abstract

Does education promote economic growth? The aim of this study is to find out the impact of education on economic growth in Indonesia. This research employed panel datatechnique to investigate the relationship between education and economic growth in Indonesia during the period 1996-2009. The empirical results show that education perworker has a positive and significant impact on economic growth. The estimates of panel model suggest that a 1% increase in average education per worker will lead to about1.56% increase in output. By using instrument analysis, researchers found that Jawa Timur is a province with highest economic growth in Indonesia. In contrast, Bengkuluexperiences the lowest position with the lowest economic growth. The results show us that there are still substantial disparities within the provinces in Indonesia. Keywords: education, economic growth, panel data.
PERAN SEKTOR INFORMAL TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN DAERAH: PENDEKATAN DELPHI-IO DAN APLIKASI Widodo, Tri
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business Vol 21, No 3 (2006): July
Publisher : Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business

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Abstract

This paper analyzes theoritically and empirically the role of informal sectors onthe local economic development. In general, the local governments do not put theinformal sectors as a focus of the local economic development. Regular data collectionregarding to the informal sectors is almost unavailable. This paper derives a method inanalysing the role of the informal sectors in local economy by combining quantitative(non survey) and qualitative (survey) method. Input-Output (IO) Table analysis isapplied. Survey (Delphi method) is conducted to get the information about thecontribution of the informal sectors. This information is used to derive the Input-OuputTable (IO*) which put into account the role of the informal sectors. Therefore, someparameters (multipliers and linkages) calculated from IO and IO* are compared. Thispaper applies the method to look at Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) as a case study.Some conclusions are withdrawn in the case of DIY: first, the informal sectors give apositive contribution to local economic development in terms of output, income,employment and sectoral linkages. Second, the role of informal sectors has to be limmitedin some certain level.Keywords: Informal sectors; Input-Output Analysis; Delphi Method
Co-Authors AA Sudharmawan, AA Abdul Jamil Adam Qowiy, Okghi Adi Prasetyo Aditia Yudhistira Adityo Suksmono, Adityo Al Fansyah, Fajar Alexandra, Francisca Diana Alfian, Ganjar alwiyanti, namira anjany Angeline Novia Toemon, Angeline Novia Anggraini, Weli Anhar, Khansa Hanifah Aniyatussaidah Annisa Rahmadita Arini Ratnasari Arnilia, Okma Arshad, Muhammad Waqas Aryani, Wiwin Asyadi, Dodi Austin Bertilova Carmelita, Austin Bertilova Azhara, Lulu Bambang Sugiantoro Bismantoko, Sahid Chasanah, Umi Dian Mutiasari, Dian Djoko Widodo Donny Avianto Duddy Roesmana Donna Duddy Roesmara Donna Dwi Ratnawati, Dwi DYP Sugiharto, DYP Elvanisa Ayu Muhsina, Elvanisa Ayu Emanuel, Andi W. R. Eny Sulistyaningrum Fadilah, Aidil Risqi Fardiansyah, Ismail Fatma, Nur Fadilah Fauzi Fahlefi, Muhamad Ferdiansyah, Ismail Fitrady, Ardyanto Frimantama, Yohanes Putra Furtuna, Dwi Klarita Gufron, Ali Gunawan, Rakhmat Dedi Hanafi, Hanan Hanasia Hardiyantari, Oktavia Harris Zaenal, Harris Haryono, Asep Haryono, Diajeng Akbar Hendajany, Nenny Herlina Eka Shinta Hidayat, Ahmad Tri Hidayat, Sofwan Ina Purwantini Rahayu Inarae, Gabriella Irman maulana Ishak, Sahrial Ihsani Joko Pramono Kadir, Andi M. Karmiadji, Djoko Wahyu Khabibi , Akhmad Khaerunisa, Unis Khusyaini, Ahmad Komara, Nisa Kartika Kuntoro, Hizkia Fernando Kurnia kusuma wardani Lestarisa, Trilianty Lutfi, Mohamad Anwari Luthfiyah, Hilda Marliah, Dinda Mauludi, Putri Nabila Mayesti, Freya Ekklesia Midiawati Mokhammad Khukaim Barkhowa Muhammad Edhie Purnawan Muhammad Syafrudin Muinah, Siti Nararya Budiyono Natalia Sri Martani Ni Putu Wiwin Setyari Nugraha, Aditya Bagas Nugroho, Rendy Febry Nur Widiastuti Nurdam, Nofriyadi Nurochman, Rizal Sofyan Patricia, Tisha Permatasari, Silvani Pita Sari, Nita Ponda, Henri Pramana, Nurhadi Puspita, Maria Entina Putra S, Ravenalla Abdurrahman Al Hakim Sampurna Rosyidi, M. Rosyidi, Mohammad Ryan Randy Suryono Salenda, Rivangga Samsubar Saleh Santoso, Angga Bayu Sari, Seftin ludfita Setiawan, Feny Setiawan, Muhamad Anjas Setioko, Sigit Setyawan, Andri Sie Motik Nainggolan, Michael Sitohang, Megawati Soraya Fatmawati Sri Rejeki Retnaningdyastuti, Sri Rejeki SUHIRMAN SUHIRMAN Sukmawati, Ade Irma Syahlarriyadi, Syahlarriyadi Syamsuddin Hasrito, Eko Syamsul Arifin Tatwa, I Gusti Nyoman Agung Bisma Teresa, Astrid Tri Untoro, Iwan Hartadi Trisia, Adelgrit Triwidadi, Kurniawan Adhisukma Ula, Syarifatul Ulum, Faruk Utami, Dwi Jasela Veronica, Anna Marthea Vivianti Wahdan Wahyudi, Agung Deni Waluyo, Bambang Suhardi Warmin Warmin, Warmin Widiarti, Astri Widodo, Faradila Widyaningtyas, Dian Wiharta, Trisna Winarno Winarno YULI WIJAYANTI Yuliani, Ni Nyoman Sri Zahara, Tomi Zebua, Sukriyadin