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All Journal Jambura Journal of Chemistry Jurnal Ilmiah Manusia dan Kesehatan PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi dan Herbal Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai International Journal of Community Service Sasambo Journal of Pharmacy JIFI (Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Imelda) Jurnal Farmanesia International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) FARMASAINKES PCJN Pharmaceutical and Clinical Journal of Nusantara Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences. Social Engagement: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Jurnal Bakti Nusantara Journal of Pharmascience
Fithri Pulungan, Ainil
Universitas Muslim Nusantara Al-washliyah Medan
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Uji Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol, Fraksi n-Heksan Dan Etil Asetat Daun Seminyak (Champereia manillana (Blume) Merr.) Terhadap Bakteri Enterococcus faecalis Alvin Pratama; Haris Munandar Nasution; Ainil Fithri Pulungan; Zulmai Rani
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i1.1200

Abstract

Background: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a global concern, prompting the exploration of alternative antibacterial agents derived from natural sources. Enterococcus faecalis is a pathogenic bacterium frequently associated with root canal treatment failure due to its high resistance level. Seminyak leaves (Champereia manillana (Blume) Merr.) are known to contain secondary metabolites with potential antibacterial activity; however, studies based on solvent fractionation remain limited. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction of seminyak leaves against Enterococcus faecalis. Methods: An experimental study was conducted through plant identification, preparation of simplicia, extraction using the maceration method with 96% ethanol, and liquid–liquid fractionation using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Phytochemical screening was performed qualitatively and confirmed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Antibacterial activity was assessed using the disc diffusion method at concentrations of 15%, 30%, and 45% with three replications. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 10% was used as the negative control, while chlorhexidine (standard concentration) served as the positive control. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD post hoc test. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed that the ethanol extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. The n-hexane fraction predominantly contained nonpolar compounds (alkaloids and steroids), while the ethyl acetate fraction contained more diverse semi-polar compounds. Antibacterial testing showed that all samples exhibited activity against Enterococcus faecalis. The highest inhibition zone diameters at 45% concentration were 14.1 ± 0.21 mm (ethanol extract), 10.3 ± 0.17 mm (ethyl acetate fraction), and 8.5 ± 0.14 mm (n-hexane fraction). Statistical analysis indicated significant differences among treatments (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and n-hexane fraction of seminyak leaves exhibit antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis. The ethanol extract showed the highest activity, followed by the ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions. These findings suggest that antibacterial compounds are more dominant in polar to semi-polar fractions.
Ekstraksi Kitosan dari Jamur Tiram (Pleurotus ostreatus) serta Karakterisasi Fisikokimia dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakterinya Dahlia Hasibuan; Ridwanto Ridwanto; Anny Sartika Daulay; Ainil Fithri Pulungan
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i1.1533

Abstract

Background: Chitosan is a biopolymer derived from the deacetylation of chitin, which is generally obtained from crustacean waste. However, the utilization of more environmentally friendly alternative sources such as oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) has recently been developed. Chitosan exhibits biocompatible, biodegradable properties and antibacterial activity, making it potentially applicable in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Objective: This study aims to extract and characterize chitosan from oyster mushrooms and to evaluate its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. Methods: The study was conducted through extraction stages including deproteinization, depigmentation, demineralization, and deacetylation. Chitosan characterization included functional group analysis using FTIR, as well as physicochemical parameter testing such as yield, moisture content, ash content, and solubility. Antibacterial activity was tested using the disc diffusion method at various chitosan concentrations (0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%, and 0.9%). Results: The obtained chitosan had a degree of deacetylation of 80.64%, indicating successful conversion of chitin into chitosan. The physicochemical characteristics met quality standards, with a yield of 52.84%, moisture content of 0.666%, and ash content of 0.416%. Chitosan was soluble in 2% acetic acid. Antibacterial testing demonstrated inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli, with inhibition zones ranging from 10.1 to 14.2 mm, categorized as strong. Conclusion: Chitosan extracted from oyster mushrooms exhibits good physicochemical characteristics and promising antibacterial activity, indicating its potential as an environmentally friendly alternative material for applications in the food and pharmaceutical fields.
PENETAPAN KADAR FLAVONOID DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH SIAK-SIAK (Dianella ensifolia (L.) Rodouté) Fitri Cindy Fricilia; Anggitha Ningtias; Ainil Fithri Pulungan; Rafita Yuniarti
Jurnal Farmanesia Vol 13 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Farmanesia
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SARI MUTIARA INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51544/jf.v13i1.6223

Abstract

Latar belakang: Indonesia merupakan negara dengan keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi, termasuk berbagai tanaman obat yang berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai agen antibakteri. Salah satu tanaman tersebut adalah buah siak-siak (Dianella ensifolia (L.) Rodouté) yang secara empiris digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional untuk berbagai penyakit infeksi Tujuan: untuk mengetahui kandungan flavonoid total serta mengevaluasi aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksan, dan fraksi etil asetat buah siak-siak terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Metode: metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis untuk penetapan kadar flavonoid dengan kuersetin sebagai standar pembanding. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%, diikuti fraksinasi dengan pelarut n-heksan dan etil asetat. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram menggunakan media Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) terhadap bakteri uji S. aureus (Gram positif) dan E. coli (Gram negatif), dengan konsentrasi sampel masing-masing 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Hasil: bahwa fraksi etil asetat memiliki kadar flavonoid tertinggi sebesar 44,6305  ± 0,168457mgQE/g diikuti oleh ekstrak etanol sebesar 33,21952± 0,30469 mgQE/g, dan fraksi n-heksan sebesar 18,85979  ± 0,35660 mgQE/g. Fraksi etil asetat menunjukkan daya hambat paling kuat terhadap S. aureus (13,2 mm) dan E. coli (12,6 mm) pada konsentrasi 20%, mengindikasikan aktivitas antibakteri yang signifikan. Kesimpulan: bahwa buah siak-siak mengandung senyawa flavonoid dalam jumlah yang tinggi dan memiliki potensi sebagai agen antibakteri alami, terutama pada fraksi etil asetat.   
Stop Vape And Cigaretesn: Community Service For A Healthy, Nicotine Free Generation At SMK Al-Washliyah 3 Medan Zola Efa Harnis; Ainil Fithri Pulungan; Zulmairani Zulmairani
International Journal Of Community Service Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): August 2026 ( Indonesia - Malaysia - Thailand)
Publisher : CV. Inara in Colaboration with www.stie-sampit.ac.id

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijcs.v6i3.1016

Abstract

The use of conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes (vapes) among adolescents is a public health issue that requires serious attention. Poor understanding of the dangers of nicotine and the perception that vapes are safer than cigarettes are factors driving the increased use of nicotine products among students. This community service activity aims to increase the knowledge and awareness of students at SMKS Al Washliyah 3 Medan regarding the dangers of cigarettes and vapes, their nicotine content, and their impact on health through scientific evidence-based education. The activity was implemented through a participatory educational approach, including health education, presentations, interactive discussions, and refusal skills training for students who are tempted to use cigarettes and vapes. The target group of the activity was adolescent students at SMKS Al Washliyah 3 Medan. Educational materials covered the differences between cigarettes and vapes, the harmful substances contained in nicotine products, the impact of nicotine on adolescent brain development, the risks of short-term and long-term health problems, and strategies for developing a healthy lifestyle without nicotine. The results of the activity showed an increase in students' understanding of the risks of cigarette and vape use, particularly regarding nicotine content and the potential for dependence. Through discussion sessions, students also began to understand that vaping is not a safe product, but rather carries health risks and can be a gateway to conventional smoking. This activity also encouraged students to develop positive attitudes toward rejecting the use of nicotine products and supporting the creation of a healthy, smoke-free school environment. This community service activity contributed to improving adolescent health literacy through a promotive and preventative approach based on evidence-based education. Continuous education about the dangers of smoking and vaping in the school environment is expected to foster a more health-conscious, productive, and nicotine-free young generation.
Edukasi Penyimpanan Sediaan Obat dan Kosmetik yang Baik dan Benar di Rumah: Penelitian Rahmadani Rahmadani; Supiyani Supiyani; Ainil Fithri Pulungan; Yayuk Putri Rahayu
Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan Volume 5 Nomor 1 (Juli 2026 -
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jerkin.v5i1.7461

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat tentang penyimpanan obat dan kosmetik yang benar di rumah melalui edukasi di Puskesmas Teladan Medan. Penyimpanan yang tidak tepat dapat menurunkan kualitas, efektivitas, dan keamanan produk sehingga meningkatkan risiko kesehatan. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan pendekatan pendidikan kesehatan melalui diskusi interaktif dan tanya jawab yang melibatkan pasien serta masyarakat. Materi mencakup suhu, kelembapan, paparan sinar matahari, tanggal kedaluwarsa, keutuhan kemasan, dan penyimpanan yang aman dari jangkauan anak. Efektivitas program dievaluasi menggunakan kuesioner pretest dan posttest. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran peserta mengenai praktik penyimpanan yang benar, termasuk pentingnya menjaga kondisi lingkungan, memeriksa kedaluwarsa, mempertahankan kemasan asli, dan mencegah kontaminasi. Peserta juga lebih percaya diri menerapkan serta menyebarluaskan informasi kepada keluarga. Edukasi melalui fasilitas kesehatan primer terbukti mendukung penggunaan obat yang rasional, menjaga mutu produk, dan mencegah risiko kesehatan akibat penyimpanan yang tidak tepat. Oleh karena itu, program edukasi berkelanjutan perlu terus dilaksanakan untuk memperkuat promosi kesehatan dan mendorong perubahan perilaku masyarakat.
Phytochemical Screening And Antioxidant Activity Testing Of Porang (Amorphophallus Muelleri Blume) Leaf Ethanol Extract From Kuta Buluh Region, North Sumatera Ainil Fithri Pulungan; Ridwanto Ridwanto; Gabena Indrayani Dalimunthe; Zulmai Rani; Rahma Dona; Ricky Andi Syahputra; Robiatun Rambe
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): February 2023
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (192.501 KB) | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v3i1.141

Abstract

Porang (Amorphallus muelleri Blume) is one type of tuber plant that has the potential to be developed in Indonesia. Porang plants have been reported to contain chemical compounds that have antioxidant activity. This research was conducted on the leaves of the porang plant with the aim of knowing the antioxidant activity, characterization, and phytochemical profile of the compounds contained therein. Compound identification and characterization were performed using standard methods, and antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH (1,1- Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl ) method. The results of the identification of chemical compounds showed that the ethanol extract of porang leaves contained chemical compounds of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. The results of the examination of the simplicia characterization of porang leaves included the soluble ethanol content of 33.93%, the water soluble extract content of 17.3%, the ash content of 5.58%, the acid insoluble ash content of 0.235% and the water content of 8%. From the results of the simplicia characterization, it shows that the results meet the specified requirements. The results showed that the ethanol extract of porang leaves had antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 93.04 µg/mL, which in this case is included in the category of strong antioxidant activity. Meanwhile, as a comparison, Vitamin C was used, which has an IC50 value of µg/mL, which is included in the category of very strong antioxidant activity.
Penentuan Kadar Etanol Dan Asam Laktat Dari Hasil Fermentasi Susu Kefir Kambing Annisa Utami; Anny Sartika Daulay; Ridwanto Ridwanto; Ainil Fithri Pulungan
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 3 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i3.1812

Abstract

Goat-milk kefir contains lactic acid and ethanol formed through the symbiotic metabolism of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts; however, information on their changes during prolonged fermentation remains limited. This study aimed to characterize ethanol accumulation during six days of goat-milk kefir fermentation and to determine lactic acid after 24 h. Goat milk (250 mL) was heated at 75 °C, inoculated with 4% (w/v) kefir grains, and fermented at 25 ± 2 °C. Ethanol was screened using iodoform, acidified potassium dichromate, and esterification reactions, followed by visible spectrophotometric quantification at 443 nm after Conway microdiffusion. Lactic acid was quantified using HPLC-UV at 210 nm with 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 2.8), a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and an injection volume of 20 µL. The pH decreased from 4.19 on day 1 to 2.15 on day 6, while ethanol increased from 0.227 to 0.657 g/dL (p<0.001). Commercial kefir contained 0.453 g/dL ethanol. The ethanol and lactic-acid calibration models showed R² values of 0.996; lactic acid in 24-h kefir was 3.923%. Prolonged fermentation therefore produced progressive acidification accompanied by ethanol accumulation, with the greatest change occurring during the first three days. These findings establish fermentation time as an important determinant of the metabolite profile of goat-milk kefir and provide a basis for subsequent studies using independent fermentation batches and fully validated analytical methods.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antibakteri Ekstrak dan Hasil Fraksinasi Daun Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli Dan Staphylococcus aureus Sumiyarni Harahap; Ridwanto Ridwanto; Ainil Fithri Pulungan; Zulmai Rani
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1060

Abstract

Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) is a plant distributed worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. Bandotan can be used as a traditional medicine because it contains beneficial phytochemical compounds such as terpenoids, alkaloids, essential oils, saponins, and phenolics that play a role in inhibiting bacterial growth and serving as natural antioxidants. The objective of this research was to determine the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction from bandotan leaves. This research used an experimental method. It included antioxidant testing of the ethanol extract fractions of bandotan leaves (Ageratum conyzoides L.) using the DPPH method and antibacterial testing using Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The phytochemical screening results showed that bandotan leaves contain alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, and glycosides. The antioxidant testing for DPPH radical scavenging revealed that the bandotan leaf extract had an IC50 value of 499.3633 μg/ml, the n-hexane fraction had an IC50 value of 945.7837 μg/ml, and the ethyl acetate fraction had an IC50 value of 382.9216 μg/ml, all categorized as very weak antioxidants. Antibacterial testing indicated that the extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction of bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) exhibited antibacterial activity, inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with strong activity at the highest concentration of 40% and moderate activity at the lowest concentration of 10%. In conclusion, bandotan leaves have very weak antioxidant activity due to the low content of flavonoids and strong antibacterial activity at 40% concentration and weak activity at 10% concentration.
Co-Authors Akbar, Windi Hari Alvin Pratama Amelia Amelia Amelia, Listri Ananda , Nadia Anggitha Ningtias Annisa Utami Anny Sartika Daulay Anny Sartika Daulay Apriyana, Nana Aryunda, Divia Auza , Maharani Azhar, Gustika Bambang Hermanto Barutu, Liza Anisa Shevia Dahlia Hasibuan Daulay , Anny Sartika Debi Dinha Octora Sitepu Devi Mariana Sinaga Dikki Miswanda Dinda Sari Utami Embun Fajri, Fajrilda Aqilah Fitri Cindy Fricilia Fitria Gabena Indrayani Dalimunthe Harahap, Syafrin Ananda Haris Munandar Nasution Haris Munandar Nasution Hasibuan, Yanuar Rizki Humairah, Dwina Angelina Lubis, Aulia Chairani Lubis, Minda Sari Maghfirah , Dini Mambang, D Elysa Putri Mardhatillah, Wulan Mayani, Nurhikma Muhammad Amin Nasution Munthe, Ariska Nafisah, Zawahir Nasri Nasri Nasri Nasri, Nasri Nia Novranda Pertiwi Nurmala, Syandoval Triska Ananda Oktavia, Zela Panjaitan, Mawaddah Mairina Pitaloka, Syifa Amilia Putri Yupa Hasibuan Rafita Yuniarti Rahayu , Yayuk Putri Rahmadani Rahmadani Ricky Andi Syahputra Ridwanto Ridwanto Ridwanto Robiatun Rambe Rohmah, Roihanah Rosaldi, Hikmah Sagala , Vipi Zetiara Santasa, Zhazha Sari, Gusti Nawang Siagian , Anggi Yani Sirait, Warhamni Anatasya Sri Wahyuni Sumiyarni Harahap Sunita, Della Supiyani, Supiyani Tamara Army Vera Estefania Kaban Vera Estefania Kaban Wijiyaningsih, Dinda Yayuk Putri Rahayu Yunda Lestari, Yunda Yuniarti , Rafita Yuniarti, Rafita Ziza Putri Aisyia Fauzi Zola Efa Harnis Zulmai Rani