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All Journal Jambura Journal of Chemistry Jurnal Ilmiah Manusia dan Kesehatan PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi dan Herbal Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai Sasambo Journal of Pharmacy JIFI (Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Imelda) Jurnal Farmanesia International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah FARMASAINKES PCJN Pharmaceutical and Clinical Journal of Nusantara Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences. Social Engagement: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Jurnal Bakti Nusantara
Fithri Pulungan, Ainil
Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Muslim Nusantara Al-Washliyah, Medan, Indonesia
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Other

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Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Antioksidan dari Ekstrak Jamur Susu Harimau (Lignosus Rhinocerus) dengan Metode DPPH dan Frap Malahayati, Malahayati; Pulungan, Ainil Fithri; Rani, Zulmai; Ridwanto, Ridwanto
SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): SENTRI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, Januari 2026
Publisher : LPPM Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/sentri.v5i1.5492

Abstract

Jamur susu harimau (Lignosus rhinocerus) merupakan tumbuhan langka yang telah lama digunakan secara tradisional dan memiliki potensi besar sebagai agen antibakteri dan antioksidan, terutama di tengah meningkatnya masalah resistensi antibiotik. Hal ini didukung oleh kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, steroid, tannin, alkaloid, dan saponin yang berperan penting dalam melawan infeksi bakteri patogen dan menetralkan radikal bebas penyebab kerusakan sel. Penelitian eksperimental ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara kuantitatif aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol jamur susu harimau terhadap bakteri Gram-positif Staphylococcus aureus dan Gram-negatif Escherichia coli, serta mengevaluasi kapasitas antioksidannya menggunakan dua metode komplementer, yaitu DPPH dan FRAP. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% dari serbuk simplisia, dan pengujian aktivitas dilakukan pada tiga variasi konsentrasi: 50%, 60%, dan 70%. Hasil uji antibakteri menunjukkan aktivitas yang kuat dan bersifat konsentrasi-tergantung. Pada konsentrasi 70%, diameter zona hambat mencapai 20,40 mm untuk S. aureus dan 16,30 mm untuk E. coli. Pada uji antioksidan, ekstrak menunjukkan kemampuan yang signifikan dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 86,15 ppm (metode DPPH) dan 77,13 ppm (metode FRAP), yang termasuk dalam kategori kuat. Secara keseluruhan, hasil ini tidak hanya mengonfirmasi potensi jamur susu harimau sebagai sumber senyawa bioaktif alami, tetapi juga memberikan dasar ilmiah yang kuat untuk pengembangannya lebih lanjut sebagai agen terapeutik baru dalam mengatasi infeksi bakteri dan mitigasi stres oksidatif.
Penetapan Kadar Tanin Daun Mangkokan (Polyscias scutellaria (Burm.f.) fosberg) Dan Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava L.) Secara Spektrofotometri UV-Visible Putri Yupa Hasibuan; Anny Sartika Daulay; Ridwanto Ridwanto; Ainil Fithri Pulungan
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.972

Abstract

Tannins are secondary metabolites belonging to the polyphenol group that exhibit important biological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects. Mangkokan leaves (Polyscias scutellaria) and guava leaves (Psidium guajava) have long been traditionally used; however, quantitative data regarding their tannin content, particularly in relation to different extraction methods, remain limited. This study aimed to determine total tannin content and identify tannin types in 70% ethanol extracts and infusions of both plants using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The methodology included phytochemical screening, identification of hydrolyzable and condensed tannins using specific reagents, and quantitative determination of total tannin content using the Folin–Ciocalteu method with gallic acid as a standard. Measurements were carried out at a maximum wavelength of 769 nm, with a regression equation of y = 0.2186x + 0.0024 and a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.994. The results showed that all samples contained both hydrolyzable and condensed tannins. The highest tannin content was found in the ethanol extract of guava leaves (17.7998 ± 0.0789 mg/g), while the lowest was observed in the infusion of mangkokan leaves (14.0788 ± 0.1986 mg/g). These findings indicate that the type of solvent and extraction method significantly affect tannin yield, with 70% ethanol being more effective than water. In conclusion, both mangkokan and guava leaves have potential as natural sources of tannins, with ethanol extraction providing more optimal results. UV-Vis spectrophotometry proved to be an accurate, sensitive, and reliable method for the quantitative analysis of tannins in plant materials.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DAN ANTIOKSIDAN VARIAN TEH KOMBUCHA BERDASARKAN LAMA MASA FERMENTASI Mayani, Nurhikma; Pulungan, Ainil Fithri; Nasution, Haris Munandar; Yuniarti, Rafita
Jurnal Farmanesia Vol 12 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Farmanesia
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SARI MUTIARA INDONESIA

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Teh kombucha berasal dari fermentasi tradisional teh manis yang menggunakan simbiosis bakteri asam asetat dan spesies ragi yang memilki aktivitas antibakteri dan antioksidan. Teh kombucha mengandung metabolit sekunder flavonoid, saponin, tanin, steroid yang dapat bersifat sebagai antibakteri. Bakteri Escherichia coli umum hidup di dalam saluran pencernaan manusia atau hewan, dan Staphylococcus aureus umunya terdapat pada kulit. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui teh kombucha memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dan antioksidan serta pengaruh lama fermetasi terhadap akttivitas antibakteri dan antioksidan. Metode: menggunakan true Experimental. Pada penelitian ini fermetasi teh menggunakan kombucha pengujian antibakteri dan antioksidan berdasarkan lama fermentasi dan karakterisasi teh kombucha. Hasil: bahwa varian teh kombucha dapat digunakan sebagai antibakteri dan antioksidan. Pada uji aktivitas antioksidan pada teh hitam memiliki nilai IC50 paling tinggi pada hari ke-12 yaitu (45,5750) sedangkan pada teh oolong memiliki nilai IC50 paling tinggi pada hari ke-18 yaitu (30,5632). Uji aktivitas antibakteri diameter daya hambat terhadap bakteri Esherichia coli pada daun teh oolong paling besar pada hari ke-21 yaitu (15,7) sedangkan pada teh staphylococcus aureus terhadap daun teh hitam paling besar terdapat pada hari ke-21 yaitu (14,03).
Uji Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol, Fraksi n-Heksan Dan Etil Asetat Daun Seminyak (Champereia manillana (Blume) Merr.) Terhadap Bakteri Enterococcus faecalis Alvin Pratama; Haris Munandar Nasution; Ainil Fithri Pulungan; Zulmai Rani
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i1.1200

Abstract

Background: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a global concern, prompting the exploration of alternative antibacterial agents derived from natural sources. Enterococcus faecalis is a pathogenic bacterium frequently associated with root canal treatment failure due to its high resistance level. Seminyak leaves (Champereia manillana (Blume) Merr.) are known to contain secondary metabolites with potential antibacterial activity; however, studies based on solvent fractionation remain limited. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction of seminyak leaves against Enterococcus faecalis. Methods: An experimental study was conducted through plant identification, preparation of simplicia, extraction using the maceration method with 96% ethanol, and liquid–liquid fractionation using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Phytochemical screening was performed qualitatively and confirmed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Antibacterial activity was assessed using the disc diffusion method at concentrations of 15%, 30%, and 45% with three replications. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 10% was used as the negative control, while chlorhexidine (standard concentration) served as the positive control. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD post hoc test. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed that the ethanol extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. The n-hexane fraction predominantly contained nonpolar compounds (alkaloids and steroids), while the ethyl acetate fraction contained more diverse semi-polar compounds. Antibacterial testing showed that all samples exhibited activity against Enterococcus faecalis. The highest inhibition zone diameters at 45% concentration were 14.1 ± 0.21 mm (ethanol extract), 10.3 ± 0.17 mm (ethyl acetate fraction), and 8.5 ± 0.14 mm (n-hexane fraction). Statistical analysis indicated significant differences among treatments (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and n-hexane fraction of seminyak leaves exhibit antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis. The ethanol extract showed the highest activity, followed by the ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions. These findings suggest that antibacterial compounds are more dominant in polar to semi-polar fractions.
Ekstraksi Kitosan dari Jamur Tiram (Pleurotus ostreatus) serta Karakterisasi Fisikokimia dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakterinya Dahlia Hasibuan; Ridwanto Ridwanto; Anny Sartika Daulay; Ainil Fithri Pulungan
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i1.1533

Abstract

Background: Chitosan is a biopolymer derived from the deacetylation of chitin, which is generally obtained from crustacean waste. However, the utilization of more environmentally friendly alternative sources such as oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) has recently been developed. Chitosan exhibits biocompatible, biodegradable properties and antibacterial activity, making it potentially applicable in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Objective: This study aims to extract and characterize chitosan from oyster mushrooms and to evaluate its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. Methods: The study was conducted through extraction stages including deproteinization, depigmentation, demineralization, and deacetylation. Chitosan characterization included functional group analysis using FTIR, as well as physicochemical parameter testing such as yield, moisture content, ash content, and solubility. Antibacterial activity was tested using the disc diffusion method at various chitosan concentrations (0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%, and 0.9%). Results: The obtained chitosan had a degree of deacetylation of 80.64%, indicating successful conversion of chitin into chitosan. The physicochemical characteristics met quality standards, with a yield of 52.84%, moisture content of 0.666%, and ash content of 0.416%. Chitosan was soluble in 2% acetic acid. Antibacterial testing demonstrated inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli, with inhibition zones ranging from 10.1 to 14.2 mm, categorized as strong. Conclusion: Chitosan extracted from oyster mushrooms exhibits good physicochemical characteristics and promising antibacterial activity, indicating its potential as an environmentally friendly alternative material for applications in the food and pharmaceutical fields.
Co-Authors Akbar, Windi Hari Alvin Pratama Amelia Amelia Amelia, Listri Ananda , Nadia Andi Syahputra, Ricky Anny Sartika Daulay Anny Sartika Daulay Anny Sartika Daulay Apriyana, Nana Aryunda, Divia Auza , Maharani Azhar, Gustika Bambang Hermanto Barutu, Liza Anisa Shevia Dahlia Hasibuan Daulay , Anny Sartika Debi Dinha Octora Sitepu Devi Mariana Sinaga Dikki Miswanda Dinda Sari Utami Embun Fajri, Fajrilda Aqilah Fitria Gabena Indrayani Dalimunthe Harahap, Sumiyarni Harahap, Syafrin Ananda Haris Munandar Nasution Haris Munandar Nasution Hasibuan, Yanuar Rizki Humairah, Dwina Angelina Lubis, Aulia Chairani Lubis, Minda Sari Maghfirah , Dini Malahayati Malahayati Mambang, D Elysa Putri Mardhatillah, Wulan Mayani, Nurhikma Muhammad Amin Nasution Munthe, Ariska Nafisah, Zawahir Nasri Nasri, Nasri Nia Novranda Pertiwi Nurmala, Syandoval Triska Ananda Oktavia, Zela Panjaitan, Mawaddah Mairina Pitaloka, Syifa Amilia Putri Yupa Hasibuan Rahayu , Yayuk Putri Rahma Dona, Rahma Rambe, Robiatun Ridwanto Ridwanto Ridwanto Rohmah, Roihanah Rosaldi, Hikmah Sagala , Vipi Zetiara Santasa, Zhazha Sari, Gusti Nawang Siagian , Anggi Yani Sirait, Warhamni Anatasya Sri Wahyuni Sunita, Della Supiyani, Supiyani Tamara Army Vera Estefania Kaban Wijiyaningsih, Dinda Yayuk Putri Rahayu Yunda Lestari, Yunda Yuniarti , Rafita Yuniarti, Rafita Zulmai Rani