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Comparison of Polyphenol Levels of Callus and Wild Type of Cat's Whiskers Plant ( Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq.) Purple Varieties Fahrauk Faramayuda; Soraya Riyanti; Ari Sri Widyaswari; Zaini Alfahmi; Sultan Salahudin Jamal; Totik Sri Mariani; Elfahmi Elfahmi; Sukrasno Sukrasno
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (319.608 KB) | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v6i2.51

Abstract

The cat's whiskers plant ( Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq) that grows in Indonesia has white flowers, purple flowers, and white flowers with purple patterns. The quality of the secondary metabolite content of each cat's whiskers plant is different because it depends on environmental influences such as rainfall or soil mineral content. Plant tissue culture methods such as callus culture or cell culture are used to overcome these obstacles because these methods do not depend on the environment and can produce secondary metabolites such as those produced by the original plant. Cat's whiskers contain the main secondary metabolite compounds: rosmarinic acid, eupatorin, and sinensetin. Rosmarinic acid belongs to the phenolic group, while sinensetin and eupatorin are flavonoids. This study aimed to determine the total levels of polyphenols and flavonoids in purple cat whiskers and determine the ratio of secondary metabolites of cat whiskers callus with wild-type plants—determination of polyphenol content using Folin Ciocalteau reagent. Determining flavonoid levels is based on colorimetry using AlCl 3 reagent, specific for flavone and flavonol compounds. The levels of polyphenols contained in the ethanolic extract of callus and cat whiskers of the purple variety were 16.056 ± 0.204 mgQE/g and 30.780 ± 0.425 mgQE/g, while the polyphenol content of the callus ethyl acetate extract and the purple variety of cat whiskers leaves was 15,489 ± 0.425 mgQE/g and 13,262 ± 0.044 mgQE/g. The levels of flavonoids contained in the ethanol extract of the cat whiskers leaf were 1.39±0.03 mgQE/g and callus 0.16±0.02 mgQE/g in the ethyl acetate extract of the leaves of the cat whiskers 2.16±0.012 mgQE/g and callus 2.24±0.010 mgQE/g. The polyphenols and flavonoids in the callus ethyl acetate extract were more significant than the ethyl acetate extract of the purple variety ( wild type ) cat whiskers leaf.
Effect of Media Variation on the Induction and Phytochemical Profile of Callus in Two Varieties of Cat's Whiskers (Orthosiphon aristatus Blume Miq) Fahrauk Faramayuda; Akhirul Kahfi Syam; Totik Sri Mariani; Elfahmi; Sukrasno
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 30 No. 1 (2023): January 2023
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.1.159-170

Abstract

The levels of rosmarinic acid and sinensetin in purple and white-purple varieties of Orthosiphon aristatus, cat's whiskers, can be increased using modified in vitro culture. This work focused on callus induction of the purple and white-purple variety of cat's whiskers grown on Gamborg (B5) and CHU (N6) with the addition of growth regulators 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetis acid. Our observation suggested that the callus could grow within three weeks and produce rosmarinic acid and sinensetin. The level of sinensetin from various extraction methods is relatively low; in contrast, the rosmarinic acid from purple callus was detected at about 5% w/w, while the white-purple variety was around 2% w/w. The results of this study also provided new information on the basic media other than MS that can grow cat's whiskers callus while producing active compounds.
Stevia rebaudiana: Phytochemical, pharmacological activities, and plant tissue culture (a mini-review) FAHRAUK FARAMAYUDA; RENALDI OKTAVIANUS; ELFAHMI ELFAHMI
Jurnal Natural Volume 22 Number 3, October 2022
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1227.235 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v22i3.19477

Abstract

Stevia rebaudiana is very famous as natural sweeteners and potentially for lowering blood sugar. The benefits of Stevia rebaudiana are numerous, and various pharmacological activities have been found, such as efforts to treat diseases such as diabetes, obesity, dental caries, hypoglycemia, and hypertension. The main sweet compounds in Stevia rebaudiana are rebaudioside A and stevioside, especially in the leaves. This review examines aspects of phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, micropropagation, and in-vitro culture modification of Stevia rebaudiana plants. Online and offline literature searches were conducted to compile the articles. PubMed (Medline), Web of Science, is used to retrieve online publications using the following search terms: Stevia rebaudiana, stevia herbs, traditional medicine, pharmacological activities, toxicity, secondary metabolite content, phytochemicals, and plant tissue culture of Stevia rebaudiana . This review is also a compilation of four previous reviews and is accompanied by the latest data from research journals on Stevia rebaudiana.
Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology activity and plant tissue culture of ficus carica l. (a mini review) Fahrauk Faramayuda; Sigid Pamungkas Wicaksono; Akhirul Kahfi Syam; Soraya Riyanti; Ari Sri Windyaswari; Yeni Karlina; Elfahmi Elfahmi
Riset Informasi Kesehatan Vol 11 No 1 (2022): Riset Informasi Kesehatan
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Harapan Ibu Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (276.464 KB) | DOI: 10.30644/rik.v11i1.537

Abstract

Ficus carica L. or Figs plants are plants originating from the Middle East and the Mediterranean region, which then spread to various parts of the world through explorers who try to plant in various countries. Figs plants can grow in various habitats, including infertile rocky soils, forests, shrubs, and even hot dry soils. Figs plants have several varieties that can be distinguished from the shape of the stem, the shape of the leaves, and the fruit's color. Figs plants are widely used as traditional medicine for both leaves and fruit. Noted in several countries have used the Figs plant as one of the plants used for traditional medicine. Figs plants are widely used for antioxidants, anticancer, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antipyretic, antituberculosis, antispasmodic antiplatelet in several countries. Figs plants contain secondary metabolites of alkaloids, latexonins, phenols, and flavonoids. There is one method of multiplication of Figs plants that began to be widely used, namely plant tissue culture. Plant tissue culture is a method of propagation using tissue slices or parts of plants that are small and in aseptic conditions. Several studies have been obtained to trace figs plants by tissue culture methods using slices of leaves and shoots.
ANALISIS METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI KALUS RAMBUTAN Nephelium lappaceum L Fahrauk Faramayuda; Elfahmi Elfahmi; Weni Widy Astuti
Agric Vol. 33 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian dan Bisnis, Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24246/agric.2021.v33.i1.p13-22

Abstract

Rambutan plant (Nephelium lappaceum L.) is a member of the Sapindaceae family. The rambutan plant is one of the natural ingredients that can be developed as traditional medicine. Rambutan peel has the potential for good antioxidant and anticancer activity. Rambutan fruit does not grow every time it needs efforts to produce the active substance in rambutan, using plant tissue culture techniques. The use of the correct variety of mediums and hormones at the right concentration is the key to thriving tissue culture. Explants derived from rambutan leaves were planted precisely on solid media Murashige and Skoog (MS) and WoddyPlant Medium (WPM) containing Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) and Kinetin. After seven days, the callus was subcultured, then after 35 days, the subculture callus was collected and dried. Dry callus and rambutan leaves (Wild type) were macerated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The concentrated extract was then applied to a GF 254 silica gel plate with the mobile phase Toluene-Acetone (7: 3) and n-hexane-EthylAsetate (3: 7). The results showed that the concentration of IBA 2 ppm and kinetin three ppm was the best combination because it produced callus. TLC results of rambutan leave with plant tissue culture containing flavonoids and triterpenoids. This study provides new information regarding the induction of rambutan callus and can become the basis for producing active metabolites in rambutan with cell suspension culture development.
Stevia rebaudiana: Phytochemical, pharmacological activities, and plant tissue culture (a mini-review) FAHRAUK FARAMAYUDA; RENALDI OKTAVIANUS; ELFAHMI ELFAHMI
Jurnal Natural Volume 22 Number 3, October 2022
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v22i3.19477

Abstract

Stevia rebaudiana is very famous as natural sweeteners and potentially for lowering blood sugar. The benefits of Stevia rebaudiana are numerous, and various pharmacological activities have been found, such as efforts to treat diseases such as diabetes, obesity, dental caries, hypoglycemia, and hypertension. The main sweet compounds in Stevia rebaudiana are rebaudioside A and stevioside, especially in the leaves. This review examines aspects of phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, micropropagation, and in-vitro culture modification of Stevia rebaudiana plants. Online and offline literature searches were conducted to compile the articles. PubMed (Medline), Web of Science, is used to retrieve online publications using the following search terms: Stevia rebaudiana, stevia herbs, traditional medicine, pharmacological activities, toxicity, secondary metabolite content, phytochemicals, and plant tissue culture of Stevia rebaudiana . This review is also a compilation of four previous reviews and is accompanied by the latest data from research journals on Stevia rebaudiana.
OPTIMASI INDUKSI KALUS TANAMAN CABE JAWA (Piper retrofractum Vahl) DENGAN BERBAGAI VARIASI ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH Fahrauk Faramayuda; Elfahmi -; Riska Sigit Ramelan
Kartika : Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Vol 4 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26874/kjif.v4i2.62

Abstract

ABSTRAK Cabe jawa (Piper retrofractum Vahl) merupakan tanaman obat yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dengan metode kultur jaringan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) yaitu 2,4 dichlorophenoxiacetic asam (2,4-D), 6-benzilaminopurin (BAP) dan kinetin terhadap pertumbuhan kalus dan produksi metabolit sekunder dari cabe jawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan dengan dua perbandingan ZPT yaitu 2,4-D : BAP (0 : 0,5ppm, 0,5 : 0,5ppm, 0,5 : 0ppm) dan 2,4 : Kinetin (0 : 0,5ppm, 0,5 : 0,5ppm, 0,5 : 0 ppm). Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data kualitatif (morfologi kalus termasuk tekstur, warna kalus dan metabolisme sekunder) dan data kuantitatif (kalus berat basah dan berat kering). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ZPT 2,4-D:BAP (0,5ppm:0,5ppm) sebagai konsentrasi optimum untuk menginduksi kalus. Metabolit sekunder dari kalus cabe jawa dianalisis dengan metode kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) mengguakan fase gerak n-heksan : etil asetat (3:7) dan toluen : etil asetat (1:1). Berdasarkan hasil KLT tersebut menunjukkan pola kromatogram kalus cabe jawa yang menunjukkan senyawa steroid, triterpenoid dan flavonoid. Kata Kunci : Daun Cabe Jawa, Kultur Jaringan, Zat Pengatur Tumbuh, Kromatografi Lapis Tipis. ABSTRACT Piper retrofractum Vahl is a medicinal plant potentially to be developed with in vitro culture method. The objectives of the research were to study the effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxiacetic acid (2,4-D), 6-benzilaminopurin (BAP) and kinetin on callus growth and secondary metabolism production from Piper retrofractum Vahl. The research used factorial completely randomized design with two factors 2,4-D : BAP (0 : 0,5ppm, 0,5 : 0,5ppm, 0,5 : 0ppm) and 2,4:Kinetin (0 : 0,5ppm, 0,5 : 0,5ppm, 0,5 : 0 ppm). Data that be collected were qualitative data (callus morphology included texture, colour of callus and secondary metabolism from Thin Layer Chromatography’s method) and quantitative data (callus wet weight and callus dry weight). The result of the research indicated that the treatment with addition plant regulation 2,4-D : BAP (0,5 ppm : 0,5 ppm) on MS medium as an optimum combination concentration to induce callus. Secondary metabolites was analyzed by qualitative methods for callus and cabe jawa leaves without in vitro culture using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) eluted by n-hexane : acetate etil (3:7) and toluene : acetate etil (1:1). Based on TLC results show that callus cabe jawa containing steroid, triterpenoids and flavonoid. Keyword : Cabe Jawa leaves, Plant Tissue Culture, Growth Hormone, Thin Layer Chromatography.
Profil fitokimia selada laut (Ulva lactuca) dan mikro alga filamen (Spirogyra sp) sebagai bahan alam bahari potensial dari perairan Indonesia Ari Sri Windyaswari; Elfahmi Elfahmi; Fahrauk Faramayuda; Soraya Riyanti; Oktiyas Muzaky Luthfi; Inna Puspa Ayu; Niken Tunjung Murti Pratiwi; Khairunisa Harizqi Nurul Husna; Ridzka Magfirah
Kartika : Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Vol 7 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26874/kjif.v7i2.288

Abstract

AbstrakPerairan Indonesia merupakan habitat bagi berbagai spesies makro dan mikro alga. Selada laut (Ulva lactuca) adalah salah satu makroalga hijau yang secara empiris digunakan sebagai makanan oleh masyarakat Indonesia yang hidup dipesisir pantai. Pada perairan tawar, ganggang hijau (Spirogyra porticalis) merupakan mikroalga filamen yang berperan penting sebagai bioindikator dalam sistem akuatik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil fitokimia dari selada laut dan ganggang hijau yang tumbuh di perairan Indonesia. Hasil pengujian kualitatif pada selada laut (Ulva lactuca)  menunjukkan kandungan metabolit primer  dan sekunder berturut-turut adalah karbohidrat, alkaloid, flavonoid, mono dan seskuiterpenoid. Sementara itu ganggang hijau (Spirogyra porticalis) mengandung karbohidrat, protein, alkaloid, flavonoid, fenolik, tannin, kuinon, mono dan seskuiterpenoid. Pola kromatogram selada laut (Ulva lactuca) dan  ganggang hijau (Spirogyra porticalis) mendeteksi aktivitas antioksidan yang dimiliki oleh senyawa- metabolit sekunder  seperti fenol, tannin, flavonoid, mono dan seskuiterpenoid yang memiliki variasi kepolaran dari semi hingga polar. Hasil uji pendahuluan aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode dinamolisis menunjukkan selada laut (Ulva lactuca) dan  ganggang hijau (Spirogyra porticalis) memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai obat, suplemen, eksipien farmasi dan makanan nutrisi. Kata kunci: selada laut (Ulva lactuca), ganggang hijau (Spyrogyra porticalis), antioksidan, bahari, Indonesia. AbstractIndonesian waters are habitat for various macro and micro algae species. Sea lettuce Ulva lactuca is one of the green macroalgae that is empirically used as food by Indonesian people. In freshwater, green algae Spirogyra porticalis is filament microalgae that play an important role as bioindicators in the aquatic system. The aim of this research was to profiling the chemical constituent from native Indonesian sources, Ulva lactuca  and Spirogyra porticalis. The results of  Ulva lactuca  qualitative analysis showed the content of primary and secondary metabolites are carbohydrates, alkaloids, flavonoids, mono, and sesquiterpenoids, respectively. On the other hand, green algae Spirogyra porticalis carbohydrates, proteins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, quinones, mono, and sesquiterpenoids, respectively. The chromatogram pattern of sea lettuce Ulva lactuca and  Spirogyra porticalis showed the antioxidant activity caused by secondary metabolites such as phenol, tannin, flavonoids, mono and sesquiterpenoids which were various polarity. Preliminary test results of antioxidant activity with the dinamolysis method showed sea lettuce Ulva lactuca  and and green algae Spirogyra porticalis have antioxidant activity. It potentially developed as drugs, supplements, pharmaceutical excipients and nutritional foods. Keywords: sea lettuce Ulva lactuca, green microalgae Spyrogyra porticalis, antioxidant, marine, Indonesia,
Hubungan Derajat Septum Deviasi pada Pemeriksaan CT Scan Sinus Paranasal dengan Derajat Obstruksi Hidung di RSI Siti Rahmah Padang Yolisa Fitri, Vioni; Tri Yuspita, Jenny; Elfahmi; Tri Septiana, Vina; Fitri Yasa, Yanti
Scientific Journal Vol. 3 No. 4 (2024): SCIENA Volume III No 4, July 2024
Publisher : CV. AKBAR PUTRA MANDIRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56260/sciena.v3i4.149

Abstract

Deviasi septum adalah kondisi di mana septum hidung, dinding yang memisahkan kedua lubang hidung, tidak lurus. Kondisi ini dapat menyebabkan berbagai masalah pernapasan, termasuk hidung tersumbat, sinusitis, dan kesulitan tidur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara derajat deviasi septum yang diamati pada pemeriksaan CT scan sinus paranasal dan derajat obstruksi hidung.Penelitian ini menggunakan data dari pasien yang menjalani pemeriksaan CT scan sinus paranasal dan penilaian skor NOSE (Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara derajat deviasi septum dan derajat obstruksi hidung (p<0,0001). Pasien dengan deviasi septum yang lebih parah memiliki skor NOSE yang lebih tinggi, yang menunjukkan obstruksi hidung yang lebih parah. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemeriksaan CT scan sinus paranasal dapat digunakan untuk menilai derajat deviasi septum dan membantu menentukan tingkat keparahan obstruksi hidung. Informasi ini dapat membantu dokter dalam mendiagnosis dan merencanakan pengobatan deviasi septum dengan tepat.
Pharmacological Activities of Three Kinds “Kayu kuning”: Arcangelisia flava, Fibraurea tinctoria, and Coscinium fenestratum – an Short Review Riski Sulistiarini; Andreanus A Soemardji; Elfahmi; Maria Immaculata Iwo
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 5 No. 2 (2020): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The literature-based review was constructed discussing three types of yellow woods plant from Indonesia, including Arcangelisia flava, Fibraurea tinctoria, and Coscinium fenestratum. Yellow wood plants are widely used as traditional medicine due to its activities that were pharmacologically studied. Those activities include antiplasmodial, cytotoxic, antioxidant, toxicity, antidiabetic, anticolestroleia, antihypertensive to liver activity, and health-behavior changes in experimental animals.
Co-Authors Adella Shindy Pratiwi Adji Mustiaji Agus Chahyadi Agus Chahyadi Agus Chahyadi Agus Supriadi Aisyah, Siti Zanuba Akbar Dana Akhirul Kahfi Syam Ana Indrayati Andi Rifki Rosandy Andre Ditya Maulana Lubis Andreanus A Soemardji Anggardiredja, Kusnandar Anita K Ari Sr Windyaswari Ari Sri Widyaswari Ari Sri Windyaswari Ari Sri Windyaswari, Ari Sri Ariranur Haniffadli ARTRI Astrid Indalifiany Ayu, Inna Puspa Bashari, Muhammad Hasan Beginer Subhan Budipramana, Krisyanti Choirul Huda Dana, Akbar DEBBIE SOEFIE RETNONINGRUM Desyane, Heipy Ketrin Dondy Arafat FAHRAUK FARAMAYUDA Fahrauk Faramayuda Fahrauk Faramayuda, Fahrauk Fany Mutia Cahyani Fitri Yasa, Yanti Frangky Sangande Ghozaly, Muchammad Reza Heipy Ketrin Desyane Jaka Permana Khairunisa Harizqi Nurul Husna Khairunnisa Sy KOMAR RUSLAN Komar Ruslan Wirasutisna Komar Ruslan Wirasutisna Komar Ruslan Wirasutisna Kusnandar Anggardiredja Laode M.R. Al Muqarrabun Laode M.R. Al Muqarrabun Lusi Putri Dwita Manalu, Meilina Marsinta Maria Immaculata Iwo Maria Immaculata Iwo Maria Immaculata Iwo Marlia Singgih Wibowo MARLIA SINGGIH WIBOWO Marlin Megalestin Raunsai Meilina Marsinta Manalu Morawati, Soufni Muamar Abdillah Nabila K Nebuchadnezzar Akbar NEVIATY PUTRI ZAMANI Ni Kadek Dita Cahyani, Ni Kadek Dita Niken Tunjung Murti Pratiwi Novriyandi Hanif Nurinanda Prisky Qomaladewi Nurul Nadiah Binti Abdul Rahman Oktiyas Muzaky Luthfi Pratiwi Ramadhani Feriza Rachmat Mauludin Ramelan, Riska Sigit RENALDI OKTAVIANUS Retno Wahyuningrum Retno Wahyuningrum Ridzka Magfirah Rika Amran Rika Hartati Riska Sigit Ramelan Rissyelly Rissyelly Rozida Khalid Sahidin Sahidin Sani, Lalu M. Iqbal Santoso, Winny Sartika Yuniarti Shinta Maulida Rosandhy Sigid Pamungkas Wicaksono Silvy Julian Soemardji AA Sony Suhandono SONY SUHANDONO Sony Suhandono Soraya Riyanti Soraya Riyanti Sufyan Zainul Arifin Sukrasno Sukrasno Sukrasno Sukrasno Sukrasno Sukrasno Sukrasno Sukrasno Sukrasno Sulistiarini, Riski Sultan Salahudin Jamal Sumirtapura, Yeyet Cahyati Syafrizayanti, Syafrizayanti Syaikhul Aziz Syefira Salsabila Tan MI Tati Kristanti TATI KRISTIANTI Tina Rostinawati Totik Sri Mariani Totik Sri Mariani Totik Sri Mariani Totik Sri Mariani Tri Septiana, Vina Tri Yuspita Sari , Jenny Tri Yuspita, Jenny Weni Widy Astuti Winny Santoso Wirasutisna, Komar Ruslan Wirasutisna, Komar Ruslan Wiwin Herdwiani Yasa, Yanti Fitri Yeni Karlina Yodha, Agung Wibawa Mahatva Yolazenia Yolazenia Yolisa Fitri, Vioni Yosie Andriani Yuspita Sari, Jenny Tri Zaini Alfahmi