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THE USE OF GARLIC (Allium sativum) AS AN IMMUNOSTIMULANT IN AQUACULTURE Muahiddah, Nuri; Diamahesa, Wastu Ayu
Journal of Fish Health Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Journal of Fish Health
Publisher : Aquaculture Department, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfh.v3i1.2751

Abstract

The improvement of fish immunity is a critical factor in successful aquaculture. In recent years, the use of garlic (Allium sativum) as an immunostimulant has attracted researchers and farmers' interest in enhancing fish's health and disease resistance. This abstract discusses an overview of the use of garlic as an immunostimulant in aquaculture. Garlic is widely known for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunostimulant properties. Several studies have evaluated the effects of garlic supplementation on various species of cultured fish. The results have shown that the administration of garlic in fish feed can enhance immune responses, such as increased immune enzyme activity and antibody production. Furthermore, active components in garlic, such as allicin and diallyl sulfide, have been proven effective against fish pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites. However, garlic as an immunostimulant in aquaculture still requires further research. Factors such as the appropriate dosage, interactions with farming conditions, and a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms must be considered. To optimise the use of garlic, further research is required to explore optimal dosages, interactions with environmental factors, and a better understanding of its effects on fish immune responses. In conclusion, garlic as an immunostimulant in aquaculture shows promising potential. The oral administration of garlic extract through the fish feed is capable of preventing infections by Aeromonas sp. and Aeromonas hydrophila in fish species such as Tawes, Catfish, Dumbo catfish, and Nile tilapia, while also enhancing non-specific immunity, such as increased total hematocrit, total haemoglobin, total erythrocytes, and phagocytic activity.
THE USE OF IMMUNOSTIMULANTS FROM PAPAYA LEAVES TO TREAT DISEASE AND INCREASE NON-SPECIFIC IMMUNITY IN FISH AND SHRIMP Muahiddah, Nuri; Diamahesa, Wastu Ayu
Journal of Fish Health Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Journal of Fish Health
Publisher : Aquaculture Department, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfh.v3i1.2755

Abstract

The use of immunostimulants from papaya leaves as a treatment strategy for fish diseases has gained attention in the field of aquaculture. Initial studies have shown that the active compounds in papaya leaves have the potential as immunostimulants to enhance the fish immune system and combat disease infections. Previous studies have revealed that the administration of papaya leaf extracts in fish feed can stimulate immune responses, including activating immune cells such as macrophages and increasing antibody production. The compounds in papaya leaves also exhibit antimicrobial effects that help fight against pathogens causing diseases in fish. Although research findings indicate the potential use of papaya leaf immunostimulants, further studies are needed to understand their mechanisms of action comprehensively. Factors such as effective dosage, optimal administration methods, and their effects on various diseases must be clarified. Safety aspects should also be considered, including potential side effects and residues in fish intended for human consumption. Consideration should also be given to sustainable fish farming practices and the potential environmental impacts of the widespread use of papaya leaf immunostimulants. In conclusion, using immunostimulants from papaya leaves to treat fish diseases shows promising potential. However, further research is required to understand their effects thoroughly, determine the appropriate dosage, evaluate the safety, and consider sustainable aquaculture aspects before their use can be widely recommended in aquaculture practices.
The Influence of Betel Leaf Extract Administration in Enhancing Non-Specific Immunity to Combat Diseases in the Aquaculture Sector (Review) Muahiddah, Nuri; Alim, Sahrul
Journal of Fish Health Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Journal of Fish Health
Publisher : Aquaculture Department, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfh.v3i2.3747

Abstract

This review aims to investigate the impact of betel leaf extract administration in enhancing non-specific immunity in fish within the context of aquaculture. A literature review was conducted to evaluate previous studies, analyze the mechanisms of action of active compounds, and provide practical recommendations for field implementation. The review results indicate that betel leaf extract has antimicrobial potential that can inhibit the growth of bacteria, viruses, and parasitic agents causing diseases in cultured fish. The administration of this extract also stimulates non-specific immune responses, including increased production of immune cells such as macrophages and lymphocytes. The antioxidant effects of compounds in betel leaves provide protection against oxidative stress, enhancing fish resilience to unfavorable environmental conditions. Despite these positive findings, further research is needed to deeply understand the mechanisms of action of active compounds, taking into account environmental factors in betel leaf extract administration. Integration with other disease management strategies and strict monitoring of environmental safety are crucial aspects of practical implementation. In conclusion, the administration of betel leaf extract can be a promising alternative to enhance fish resistance to diseases in aquaculture. Administering betel leaf extract in feed and water can improve survival rates and egg hatching. Collaboration among researchers, farmers, and other stakeholders is necessary to optimize the practical application of these findings, with the goal of enhancing productivity and sustainability in the aquaculture sector as a whole.Top of Form
The Abundance of Bacteria Associated with Intertidal Seaweeds Sargassum sp. and Kappaphycus alvarezii in Ekas Bay Muahiddah, Nuri; Cokrowati, Nunik; Affandi, Rangga Idris; Junaidi, Muhammad; Sumsanto, Muhammad; Dwiyanti, Septiana; Asri, Yuliana; Lumbessy, Salnida Yuniarti
Journal of Fish Health Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Fish Health
Publisher : Aquaculture Department, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfh.v4i1.4898

Abstract

This study investigates the abundance and diversity of bacteria associated with two intertidal seaweeds, Sargassum sp. and Kappaphycus alvarezii, in Ekas Bay. Intertidal zones are dynamic environments where seaweeds and their associated microbial communities play crucial roles in ecological processes. Seaweeds host a variety of bacteria that contribute to nutrient cycling, seaweed health, and overall ecosystem function. The primary variable measured in this study was the bacterial abundance, expressed as Colony Forming Units per milliliter (CFU/mL). The conclusion of these findings has positive implications for the environmental health around the floating raft, base stakes, Sargassum sp. and Kappaphycus alverazii. The absence of harmful bacteria supports the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems and can provide positive benefits for the species inhabiting those areas.
Effectiveness of Garcinia mangostana Mangosteen Peel Extract in Inhibiting Gram-Negative Bacteria in Lobster (Panulirus homarus) Aquaculture Waters Muahiddah, Nuri; Alim, Sahrul; Mulyani, Laily Fitriani
Journal of Fish Health Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Fish Health
Publisher : Aquaculture Department, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfh.v4i1.4918

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana) in inhibiting the growth of Gram-negative bacteria in lobster (Panulirus homarus) aquaculture waters. The main problem in lobster farming is bacterial infections that can cause disease and mass mortality. Mangosteen peel extract is known to contain potent antimicrobial compounds. This research employs an experimental method with various concentrations of mangosteen peel extract to test its effect on the growth of Gram-negative bacteria. Based on result, the mangosteen peel inhibition zone against Gram-negative bacteria from lobster aquaculture waters measures 0.25±0.05 cm (25 mm), indicating weak inhibition activity. This suggests that mangosteen peel could be used as an immunostimulant alternative to antibiotics in combating diseases in lobsters. Further research is needed to determine the optimal dosage of mangosteen peel extract to achieve strong inhibition activity against bacteria.
Management of Broodstock for Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) at the Center for Superior Shrimp and Shellfish Broodstock Production (BPIU2K) Karangasem, Bali Maolana, Arman; Muahiddah, Nuri
Journal of Fish Health Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): Journal of Fish Health
Publisher : Aquaculture Department, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfh.v4i3.5724

Abstract

Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), as it directly impacts the quality and quantity of larvae produced for aquaculture. This study investigates the management practices at the Center for Superior Shrimp and Shellfish Broodstock Production (BPIU2K) in Karangasem, Bali, focusing on the broodstock selection, breeding, and maintenance processes. The research evaluates the performance of broodstock in terms of growth, reproductive health, and overall productivity, aiming to optimize practices for sustainable shrimp farming. Data was collected through direct observation, water quality analysis, and broodstock health assessments. The findings highlight the importance of proper environmental conditions, nutritional management, and genetic selection in enhancing the reproductive success of L. vannamei. The study also discusses challenges faced by the facility, including disease management and genetic diversity, offering recommendations for improving broodstock management to ensure consistent, high-quality shrimp production. The number of male broodstock in the maintenance tank was around 250, and female broodstock was around 200, with a survival rate of 70%. This research contributes to advancing sustainable aquaculture practices and improving the shrimp farming industry in Indonesia.
Koi Fish (Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepede, 1803) Breeding Techniques at the Center for Freshwater Aquaculture (BBPBAT) Sukabumi, West Java Erlana, Nirma Aprila; Muahiddah, Nuri
Journal of Fish Health Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): Journal of Fish Health
Publisher : Aquaculture Department, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfh.v4i3.5780

Abstract

One of the economically valuable aspects of fisheries development is ornamental fish farming. Koi farming has advantages as the fish can easily adapt to various environments. The breeding activities included broodstock maintenance, spawning and nursery tank preparation, broodstock selection, hormone injection, egg hatching, larva care, nursery stages, and harvesting. This research is intended to help the author learn and understand proper koi fish breeding techniques at the Center for Freshwater Aquaculture (BBPBAT) in Sukabumi, West Java. The data collected during this research activity includes both primary and secondary data. Primary data is obtained directly without intermediaries, resulting in raw data. Secondary data, on the other hand, is gathered through intermediaries or indirectly, and is sourced from library reports and information from governmental institutions. In the koi fish breeding activities carried out, it was observed that the koi fish had a fecundity rate of 71,400 eggs, an FR (Fertilization Rate) of 92%, an HR (Hatching Rate) of 97%, an SR (Survival Rate) in Nursery Phase I of 45%, and in Nursery Phase II of 74%.
Identification of Flavonoid Content Extracted from Mangosteen Peel (Garcinia mangostana) Sourced from Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara Muahiddah, Nuri; Rahmadani, Thoy Batun Citra
Journal of Fish Health Vol. 4 No. 4 (2024): Journal of Fish Health
Publisher : Aquaculture Department, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfh.v4i4.5925

Abstract

Mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana) is known for its high concentration of bioactive compounds, particularly flavonoids, which possess various health benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. This study aims to identify and quantify the flavonoid content extracted from mangosteen peels sourced from Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara. Using ethanol as a solvent, the extraction process was carried out through maceration, followed by qualitative and quantitative analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of key functional groups associated with flavonoids, including hydroxyl (-OH), ether (C-O), and aromatic C=C groups. Quantitative analysis revealed a significant flavonoid content. Additionally, the extract showed potential antibacterial properties against Aeromonas hydrophila, suggesting its application as a natural antimicrobial agent.
Analysis of Length-Weight Relationship of Mackerel Scad Scad (Decapterus sp.) Landed in Ampenan Fish Market, West Nusa Tenggara Province Dwiyanti, Septiana; Muahiddah, Nuri
Journal of Fish Health Vol. 4 No. 4 (2024): Journal of Fish Health
Publisher : Aquaculture Department, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfh.v4i4.5961

Abstract

The catch of fishermen around Ampenan waters is dominated by Mackerel scad and rucah. Fish caught by fishermen around Ampenan waters are usually landed at the Ampenan fish market to be traded. Mackerel scad (Decapterus sp.) is a pelagic fish that lives in groups and is spread out. Mackerel scad (Decapterus sp.) In addition to having a cheap price, Mackerel scad (Decapterus sp.) also has good nutritional value so that Mackerel scad is included in important economic products. The biological aspect in the form of the relationship between length and weight in Ampenan waters is important to study in efforts to manage fisheries in West Nusa Tenggara, especially Ampenan. Efforts to manage fisheries through fisheries biology information related to the relationship between length and weight aim to determine the variation in weight and length of Mackerel scad (Decapterus sp.) individually or in groups as an indicator of the productivity, health and growth conditions of Mackerel scad obtained in these waters. The study was conducted in March 2024 using survey methods and regression analysis. The number of samples used in this study was 50 Mackerel scad (Decapterus sp.) which were taken randomly at the Ampenan fish market. The results of linear regression and graphs of the relationship between the length and weight of Mackerel scad samples (Decapterus sp.) in this study produced a regression equation Y = 0.04855x 2.2973 with a coefficient of determination (r2) of 62% and a b value of 2.29, meaning b <3 which means negative allometric which means that length growth is faster than weight growth.
Efficiency of Using Kappa-Carrageenan as an Immunostimulant Agent in the Non-Specific Immune System of Vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) Infected with AHPND (Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease) Azhar, Fariq; Scabra, Andre Rachmat; Muahiddah, Nuri; Affandi, Rangga Idris
Journal of Fish Health Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Fish Health
Publisher : Aquaculture Department, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfh.v5i1.6358

Abstract

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of the bacteria that can attack whiteleg shrimp and cause Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) or Early Mortality Syndrome (EMS) in shrimp. One alternative that can be used is the use of seaweed-based immunostimulants, namely k-carrageenan. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of k-carrageenan mixed in feed with different doses on increasing the immune system of whiteleg shrimp infected with AHPND. This study was conducted for 60 days with an experimental method in the form of a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 3 replications, namely, P1 (Positive Control): Commercial Feed + Vibrio parahaemolyticus Infection; P2 (Negative Control): Commercial Feed + 0.9% NaCl Infection; P3: Commercial Feed + Kappa-carrageenan 8 g / kg + Vibrio parahaemolyticus Infection; P4: Commercial Feed + Kappa-carrageenan 10 g/kg + Vibrio parahaemolyticus Infection; P5: Commercial Feed + Kappa-carrageenan 12 g/kg + Vibrio parahaemolyticus Infection. The results of this study indicate that the addition of 12 g/kg of k-carrageenan to the feed affects the survival rate and immune system of whiteleg shrimp infected with Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
Co-Authors Abidin, Z Abidin, Zaenal Adriana Monica Sahidu Al Furkan ALIM ISNANSETYO Alis Mukhlis Andi Maria Ulfa Andre Rachmat Scabra Anggraini, Irika Devi Anjani, Yulia Dewi Anna Apriana Hidayanti Anton Anton Asri, Yuliana Ayu Diamahesa, Wastu Bagus Dwi Hari Setyono BAGUS DWI HARI SETYONO Bagus Dwi Hari Setyono Damai Diniariwisan Damai Diniariwisan Dewi Putri Lestari Dewi Putri Lestari, Dewi Putri Diamahesa, Wastu Ayu Diniariwisan, Damai Dwiyanti , Septiana Dwiyanti, Septiana Eddy Supriyono Erlana, Nirma Aprila Evron Asrial Fariq Azhar Fariq Azhar Fitri, Miftahul Fitriani, Laily Fitriani Hafizah, Imroatul HAMID Idris Affandi, Rangga Irzal Effendi Kaitjily, Priscilla Josephine Khilal Aditya L. Achmad Tan Tilar WSK Laily Fitriani Mulyani Lalu Hizbulloh Lumbessy, Salnida Yuniarti Lutfah Yunata Pratiwi M Junaidi, M Maolana, Arman Marno, Septhian Mita Ayu Liliyanti MOHAMAD FADJAR Muhammad Amin Muhammad Junaidi Muhammad Junaidi Muhammad Marzuki Muhammad Marzuki Muhammad Sumsanto Muhammad Sumsanto Mulyani, Laily Fitriani Nanda Diniarti Naning Dwi Sulystyaningsih Naning Dwi Sulystyaningsih Naning Dwi Sulystyaningsih Nunik Cokrowati Nur Fadhilah Rahim Panosa, Alief Erwanda Pratiwi, Lutfah Yunata Putri Lestari, Dewi Rahmadani, Thoy Bathun Citra Rahmadani, Thoy Batun Citra Rangga Idris Affandi Rangga Idris Affandi Rusmin Nuryadin Sadikin Amir Sahrul Alim Sapto Andriyono Saruni Septiana Dwiyanti Septiana Dwiyanti Septiana Dwiyanti SEPTIANA DWIYANTI Septiana Dwiyanti Sintiya, Titik Sitti Hilyana soraya, indah Suhardinata Sukartono Sulystyaningsih, Naning Dwi Sumahiradewi, Luh Gede Thoy Batun Citra Rahmadani Thoy Batun Citra Rahmadani Thoy Batun Citra Rahmadani Yuliana Asri Yuliana Asri Yuliana Asri Yuliana Asri Zaenal Abidin