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Characteristics and Abundance of Microplastics in the Feces of Communities on the Banks of the Musi River, Palembang Anwar, Khairil; Damiri, Nurhayati; Windusari, Yuanita; Zulkarnain, Mohammad
Tropical Health and Medical Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Tropical Health and Medical Research
Publisher : Baiman Bauntung Batuah Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35916/thmr.v7i1.127

Microplastic pollution has become an increasingly worrying global environmental issue. Microplastics are plastic particles measuring less than 5 mm from the degradation of large plastics or using products containing microplastics. Microplastics can enter the human body through contaminated food, water, and air, with feces being one of the indicators of exposure. This study aims to analyze the characteristics and abundance of microplastics in feces in communities on the banks of the Musi River in Palembang City. This study used a descriptive design with laboratory analysis. Fecal samples were collected from 50 respondents selected by purposive sampling based on fish consumption patterns and water sourced from the Musi River. The study was carried out using the microplastic separation method using a solution and particle identification using a stereo microscope and FTIR spectroscopy. The results showed that microplastics were found in all respondents' feces samples, with concentrations ranging from 9-27 particles per gram and an average of 18 particles per gram. The dominant types of microplastic polymers found were Polystyrene (PS), Nylon, Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Polypropylene (PP), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), and Polyethylene (PE). It was concluded that the presence of microplastics in feces indicates significant exposure. Microplastics, such as fragments, fibers, and other particles, were found in people's feces with various shapes, sizes, and colors. The abundance of microplastics in feces indicates contamination, which most likely comes from consuming food and drinks exposed to microplastics. It is recommended that a campaign be carried out to reduce single-use plastic or increase waste processing in riverbank areas.

Secondhand smoke exposure and its role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia: a narrative review of molecular and epidemiological perspectives Yenny Febriany; Irfannuddin; Mohammad Zulkarnain; Yusuf Effendi
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i2.19209

Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication characterized by hypertension after 20 wk of gestation, often accompanied by proteinuria or organ dysfunction. This condition is linked to genetic, environmental factors, and exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS). This study explores the relationship between SHS exposure and PE risk through a narrative literature review. Epidemiological and molecular studies data demonstrate that SHS exposure increases PE risk via oxidative stress, inflammation, and angiogenic disruptions. The analysis reveals that SHS exposure enhances reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, triggers systemic inflammation through the NF-κB pathway, and impairs angiogenic function by lowering the PlGF/sFlt-1 ratio. The risk significantly increases with exposures ≥2 hr/d or weekly frequencies ≥4 d, particularly in poorly ventilated domestic and occupational settings. Biomarkers such as cotinine and carbon monoxide (CO) are employed to assess exposure levels, providing robust evidence that duration and intensity of exposure are pivotal in PE pathogenesis. These findings highlight the importance of preventive strategies, including smoking bans, public health education, and integration of biomarker-based assessments into prenatal care. Future research should aim to clarify the molecular and epigenetic mechanisms involved and explore therapeutic interventions to mitigate SHS-induced damage.

PENGARUH PERILAKU (KEBIASAAN BUANG AIR BESAR) DAN SANITASI LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP INFEKSI KECACINGAN PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR Septiani, Eichi; Fajar, Nur Alam; Sitorus, Rico J; Anwar, Chairil; Zulkarnain, Mohammad; Flora, Rostika
Jurnal 'Aisyiyah Medika Vol 6, No 1: Februari 2021 Jurnal 'Aisyiyah Medika
Publisher : stikes 'aisyiyah palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36729/jam.v6i1.579

Latar Belakang: Sebagai negara beriklim tropis, Indonesia memiliki iklim dan kelembaban yang mendukung parasit cacing untuk tetap melangsungkan hidupnya. Kecacingan merupakan suatu masalah kesehatan yang masih dijumpai pada masyarakat khususnya yang tinggal di negara tropis seperti Indonesia. Infeksi kecacingan lebih sering di jumpai pada anak, baik itu pra sekolah ataupun sekolah dasar. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis pengarh perilaku dan sanitasi lingkungan terhadap infeksi kecacingan pada anak Sekolah Dasar. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan studi cross-sectional yang dilakukan di Kabupaten Seluma yang dilaksanakan pada April 2020. Sampel berjumlah 140 anak yang merupakan anak Sekolah Dasar usia 9-12 tahun dan berasal dari 5 kecamatan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara simple random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara wawancara dan observasi. Selain itu juga dilakukan pemeriksaan feses untuk mengetahui infeksi kecacingan. Hasil: Hasil pemeriksaan feses didapatkan bahwa 37,9% anak mengalami infeksi kecacingan, 45,0% anak yang terinfeksi kecacingan mempunyai kebiasaan defikasi kurang baik, 45,7% anak yang terinfeksi kecacingan mempunyai sumber air kurang baik serta 25,0% anak yang terinfeksi kecacingan mempunyai tempat BAB kurang baik. Hasil uji chi square antara infeksi kecacingan dengan kebiasaan defikasi didapatkan nilai p= 0,201 dan PR = 1,66 ; infeksi kecacingan dengan sumber air didapatkan nilai p= 0,028 dan PR 2,3 ; infeksi kecacingan dengan kebersihan kuku didapatkan nilai p=0,268 dan PR=0,57. Saran: Bagi Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Seluma dan jajarannya diharapkan terus menggalakkan lagi edukasi tentang pencegahan dan bahaya penyakit kecacingan serta melakukan pemberian obat cacing lebih rutin (6 bulan 1x) dan melakukan skrining infeksi STH untuk sebagai upaya preventif. Kata Kunci : Perilaku, Sanitasi Lingkungan, Kecacingan, Anak Sekolah Dasar

Air Quality at Urban Transportation Nodes: A Case Study of SO₂, NO₂, and CO Concentrations in Palembang City Yuwati, Sri; Gulo, Fakhili; Zulkarnain, Mohammad; Suheryanto
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): September
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v13i3.17495

This study aimed to analyze variations in sulfur oxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxide (NO₂), and carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations at eight major intersections in Palembang City.This study analyzed ambient air quality at eight major traffic nodes in Palembang City using SO₂, NO₂, and CO parameters. Measurements were carried out at a height of 2–3 meters according to US-EPA and WHO standards. SO₂ was determined using the West–Gaeke method, NO₂ with the Griess–Saltzman and chemiluminescence analyzer, while CO was measured using the Non-Dispersive Infrared (NDIR) method. All procedures were accompanied by recording of meteorological factors and instrument quality control. The results showed a significant difference between morning and afternoon, with higher average concentrations in the afternoon (SO₂: p = 0.014; NO₂: p = 0.000; CO: p = 0.003), which was influenced by traffic density and meteorological conditions. Pollutant concentrations tended to increase during rush hour at intersections with high vehicle flow. In contrast, inter-location analysis showed variations in pollutant concentrations, but they were not statistically significant (p > 0.05), indicating a relatively homogeneous distribution of traffic emissions in urban areas. Exposure to SO₂, NO₂, and CO has the potential to cause serious health impacts, including respiratory and cardiovascular disorders, as well as liver dysfunction due to oxidative stress and hypoxia. These findings emphasize the need for continuous air quality monitoring and transportation emission control policies in Palembang.

PENGARUH TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI PEREMPUAN Susanti, Susanti; Flora, Rostika; Zulkarnain, Mohammad
Scientific Of Environmental Health and Diseases Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Scientific of Environmental Health And Diseases
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/esehad.v3i2.27656

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Rendahnya pengetahuan para ibu dan remaja perempuan tentangkesehatan reproduksi mengakibatkan banyak yang tidak mengetahui pentingnya kesehaatanreproduksi. Situasi ini akhirnya berdampak pada ketidak mampuan perempuan dalammerawat alat reproduksi dikarenakan adanya informasi yang simpang siur. Hal ini juga jugaterjadi karena minimnya informasi yang di terima para remaja perempuan dan ibu-ibu.Padahalpengetahuan merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi seseorang dalam berperilaku.Informasi-informasi ini sebenarnya bisa didapatkan dari sesama teman, atau dari guruataupundari orang tua. Tetapi ada juga para ibu atau remaja perempuan yang malu dalam bertanyaatau membicarakan tentang alat reproduksi.Mereka masih menganggap bahwa masalahtersebut adalah hal yang tabu terutama didaerah pedesaan. Media sosial internet sangatberpengaruh dalam meningkatkan pemahahaman kesehatan reproduksi bagi perempuanMetode: Penelitian ini menggunakan Literature Review dengan menggunakan pencarian greyliterature Google Scholar. Hasil pencarian yang memenuhi kriteria kemudian dilakukananalisis artikel.Hasil: Hasil didapatkan 12 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Dari 12 artikel didapatkantiga tema yaitu media sosial, pengetahuan dan kesehatan reproduksi.Simpulan: Pemanfaatan internet sebagai media informasi dalam mendapatkan informasiberkontribusi pada pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi perempuan dengan cara yang lebihinteraktif, menyenangkan, dan praktis. Hal ini menyiratkan jika interaksi secara online melaluiplatform media sosial lebih disukai para perempuan terutama remaja dibandingkan denganpendidikan kesehatan secara formal yang dilakukan di ruang kelas. Strategi denganpendekatan ini dapat digunakan oleh perawat dalam melakukan intervensi berupa pendidikandan promosi kesehatanKata Kunci: media social, pengetahuan, kesehatan reproduksi

Model pemberdayaan kader posyandu dalam stimulasi perkembangan balita melalui box edukatif stimulus balita (Besti Balita) Fajar, Nur Alam; Flora, Rostika; Hasyim, Hamzah; Zulkarnain, Mohammad; Syamsuryadi; Rahmawaty, Annisa; Ananingsih, Esti Sri; Amalia, Risa Nur
Jurnal Inovasi Hasil Pengabdian Masyarakat (JIPEMAS) Vol 8 No 3 (2025)
Publisher : University of Islam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/jipemas.v8i3.22857

Kader Posyandu merupakan elemen penting dalam mendukung stimulasi tumbuh kembang balita. Media Besti Balita merupakan alat edukatif inovatif yang dirancang sesuai standar kementerian kesehatan untuk membantu kader posyandu dalam memberikan stimulasi perkembangan sesuai tahapan usia anak. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kader posyandu dalam melakukan stimulasi perkembangan balita, serta memperkuat peran mereka sebagai garda terdepan dalam pencegahan stunting. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada 24 Agustus 2024 di Puskesmas Mariana, Kecamatan Banyuasin 1, dan diikuti oleh 30 kader Posyandu dari enam desa lokus stunting. Tahapan kegiatan meliputi pretest, pemberian materi, demonstrasi, simulasi, dan posttest. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan kader secara signifikan (p-value=0,001). Sebelum intervensi dilakukan terdapat 66,7% kader memiliki pengetahuan kurang, akan tetapi pengetahuan seluruh peserta (100%) menjadi baik setelah diberikan intervensi. Media Besti Balita terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan kader dalam melakukan stimulasi perkembangan anak usia dini. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi model pemberdayaan kader Posyandu di daerah lain guna mendukung optimalisasi tumbuh kembang anak secara berkelanjutan.

The Risk Quotient of Sulfide Hydrogen toward Lung Vital Capacity of People Living Around Landfill Area Zulkarnain, Mohammad; Flora, Rostika; Novrikasari, Novrikasari; Harto, Toto; Apriani, Dwi; Adela, Novita
Kesmas Vol. 12, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Sampah merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya polusi udara di Kota Palembang. Setiap hari terjadi peningkatan volume sampah yang harus diolah, sedangkan kondisi pelayanan pengelolaan sampah baru mencapai sekitar 70% dari total sampah secara keseluruhan. Pengolahan sampah yang dilakukan menggunakan sistem open dumping berdampak terhadap peningkatan terjadinya polusi udara. Gas hidrogen sulfida (H2S) yang diperoleh dari proses penguraian senyawa organik oleh bakteri anaerob pada tumpukan sampah dapat mengganggu kesehatan, terutama sistem pernapasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik (usia, jenis kelamin, status gizi, merokok, dan jarak tempat tinggal) dan besaran risiko konsentrasi H2S udara ambien terhadap kapasitas vital paru penduduk di sekitar tempat pembuangan akhir (TPA) sampah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan sampel 78 orang penduduk yang berada di sekitar TPA. Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi logistik ganda. Hasil menunjukkan nilai status gizi (nilai p = 0,022, OR = 12,085) dan RQ (nilai p = 0,016; OR = 7,547) berhubungan secara signifikan terhadap kapasitas vital paru penduduk yang berada di sekitar TPA. Penduduk yang berada di sekitar TPA dengan nilai status gizi buruk dan nilai RQ lebih rendah dari median berpotensi mengalami gangguan kapasitas vital paru. Variabel dominan yang secara signifikan memengaruhi kapasitas vital paru penduduk yang berada di sekitar TPA sampah Sukawintan adalah status gizi. Waste is one of factors causing air pollution in Palembang City. Volume of waste that should be processed increases every day, while condition of waste management service is still 70% of the total volume. The waste processing is managed by using open dumping system, which affects on the increase of air pollution. One of gases that exist as effect of the process of organic compound decomposition of anaerobic bacteria from garbage is sulfide hydrogen (H2S) pollutant which can promote health disorders, especially respiratory system. This study aimed to analyze correlation between characteristics (age, sex, nutritional status, smoking, and living distance) and the risk quotient of sulfide hydrogen concentration in air ambient to the lung capacity of people around landfill area. This study used cross-sectional design with the sample of 78 people around landfill area. Data analysis used double logistic regression. Results showed that nutritional status (p value = 0.022, OR = 12.085) and RQ (p value = 0.016; OR = 7.547) significantly related to lung vital capacity of people around landfill area. People around landfill area having worse nutrition and lower RQ than the median were potential to have lung vital capacity disorder. The dominant variable significantly influencing to lung vital capacity of people living around Sukawinatan Landfill is nutritional status.

The Risk Quotient of Sulfide Hydrogen toward Lung Vital Capacity of People Living Around Landfill Area Zulkarnain, Mohammad; Flora, Rostika; Novrikasari, Novrikasari; Harto, Toto; Apriani, Dwi; Adela, Novita
Kesmas Vol. 12, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Sampah merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya polusi udara di Kota Palembang. Setiap hari terjadi peningkatan volume sampah yang harus diolah, sedangkan kondisi pelayanan pengelolaan sampah baru mencapai sekitar 70% dari total sampah secara keseluruhan. Pengolahan sampah yang dilakukan menggunakan sistem open dumping berdampak terhadap peningkatan terjadinya polusi udara. Gas hidrogen sulfida (H2S) yang diperoleh dari proses penguraian senyawa organik oleh bakteri anaerob pada tumpukan sampah dapat mengganggu kesehatan, terutama sistem pernapasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik (usia, jenis kelamin, status gizi, merokok, dan jarak tempat tinggal) dan besaran risiko konsentrasi H2S udara ambien terhadap kapasitas vital paru penduduk di sekitar tempat pembuangan akhir (TPA) sampah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan sampel 78 orang penduduk yang berada di sekitar TPA. Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi logistik ganda. Hasil menunjukkan nilai status gizi (nilai p = 0,022, OR = 12,085) dan RQ (nilai p = 0,016; OR = 7,547) berhubungan secara signifikan terhadap kapasitas vital paru penduduk yang berada di sekitar TPA. Penduduk yang berada di sekitar TPA dengan nilai status gizi buruk dan nilai RQ lebih rendah dari median berpotensi mengalami gangguan kapasitas vital paru. Variabel dominan yang secara signifikan memengaruhi kapasitas vital paru penduduk yang berada di sekitar TPA sampah Sukawintan adalah status gizi. Waste is one of factors causing air pollution in Palembang City. Volume of waste that should be processed increases every day, while condition of waste management service is still 70% of the total volume. The waste processing is managed by using open dumping system, which affects on the increase of air pollution. One of gases that exist as effect of the process of organic compound decomposition of anaerobic bacteria from garbage is sulfide hydrogen (H2S) pollutant which can promote health disorders, especially respiratory system. This study aimed to analyze correlation between characteristics (age, sex, nutritional status, smoking, and living distance) and the risk quotient of sulfide hydrogen concentration in air ambient to the lung capacity of people around landfill area. This study used cross-sectional design with the sample of 78 people around landfill area. Data analysis used double logistic regression. Results showed that nutritional status (p value = 0.022, OR = 12.085) and RQ (p value = 0.016; OR = 7.547) significantly related to lung vital capacity of people around landfill area. People around landfill area having worse nutrition and lower RQ than the median were potential to have lung vital capacity disorder. The dominant variable significantly influencing to lung vital capacity of people living around Sukawinatan Landfill is nutritional status.

Health service utilization care for adolescents: A literature study Suryani, Lilis; Najmah, Najmah; Zulkarnain, Mohammad
Malahayati International Journal of Nursing and Health Science Vol 6, No 7 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawata Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati Bandar Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/minh.v6i7.13282

Background: Adolescents or young children are referred to as people aged between ten and eighteen years. Adolescence is a transition period for young children experiencing many problems within themselves and their environment, from childhood to adulthood. If young children cannot identify these evocations correctly, they are sure to face many problems. In this teenage phase they are no longer called children and are not called adults. Adolescents today face more complex expectations, demands, temptations and dangers compared to previous generations of teenagers. The phenomenon is that most teenagers in Indonesia today experience a decline in character, morals and emotional maturity.Purpose: To review previous research in analyzing the relationship between health service utilization care for adolescents.Method: Use a literature review by determining keywords, creating questions, grouping questions, answering questions. Researchers collect data through various sources, such as scientific articles, books and institutional reports. This literature review was compiled using Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Semantic Scholar and obtained 14 journals with the keywords "Adolescents ", "Integrated Service Post", and "Utilization". Journal articles used in Indonesian and English with publication years 2016-2023. The literature study selection process is based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA-ScR).Results: From 14 articles taken from Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Semantic Scholar, the results obtained were that there was a correlation between knowledge, distance, and information sources. Integrated service posts function as health service providers that provide motivation, teaching, facilities, counseling, and place intervention programs.Conclusion: Integrated service posts has many benefits for adolescents about to grow up. The existence of integrated service posts makes adolescents' lives more productive so they are free from promiscuity which can damage adolescents' character.

ENHANCING EMPLOYEE HEALTH THROUGH THE SEBUSE PROGRAM: AN EVALUATION AT PERTAMINA REFINERY UNIT III PLAJU Rafiqy, Muhammad; Novrikasari, Novrikasari; Zulkarnain, Mohammad; Misnaniarti, Misnaniarti; Mutahar, Rini; Febry, Fatmalina
International Journal of Health Science & Medical Research Vol 4, No 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : UNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/ijhsmr.v4i2.35245

Since 2021, Pertamina has implemented the SeBuSe (Healthy, Fit, and Happy) program as a corporate health and wellness initiative that operationalizes Health, Safety, Security, and Environment (HSSE) standards. The novelty of this study lies in its strategic integration of the HSSE perspective in evaluating an employee wellness program, its comprehensive application of the SWOT framework for organizational analysis, and its inclusion of participant spouses to capture broader behavioral and motivational dynamics. The program emphasizes holistic well-being through structured activities such as Fat Loss and Move More, designed to support sustained lifestyle improvements. Based on these considerations, this study aims to identify and analyze internal and external factors influencing SeBuSe's effectiveness in improving employee health outcomes using the SWOT analytical approach. Data were collected through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) involving 30 participants and complemented by in-depth interviews with two program managers and four participant spouses to ensure a multi-perspective understanding of program implementation. The SWOT analysis positions SeBuSe in Quadrant I (Aggressive/Growth Strategy), supported by an internal factor score of 3.10 and an external factor score of 3.46, indicating strong institutional capacity and significant opportunities for further development. Overall, the findings generate strategic insights that can strengthen health promotion efforts and reinforce a proactive safety and wellness culture within Pertamina’s industrial environment.Keywords: Health; Improvement; Productivity; Strategy; SeBuSe; Work.

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