Global transformation driven by digital disruption, institutional fragmentation, and sustainability imperatives demands integrated organizational responses that transcend conventional silos between innovation, environmental stewardship, and strategic leadership. Yet empirical research from emerging economies remains fragmented, with few studies illuminating how these three dimensions interact as complementary forces within resource-constrained contexts. This qualitative multiple case study investigates the integrative pathways through which innovation capability, sustainability orientation, and strategic leadership synergistically drive organizational transformation in Indonesian organizations operating within dynamic global markets. Employing thematic analysis of in-depth interviews with 24 leaders and innovation actors across three contrasting organizational contexts (manufacturing, financial services, and technology), the study identifies four core integration mechanisms: vision-alignment coherence, adaptive capability orchestration, stakeholder-centric value creation, and transformative learning systems. Findings reveal that transformation success depends not on isolated excellence in any single dimension but on deliberate architectural alignment between vision-setting leadership, innovation as strategic practice, and sustainability as operational imperative. The study's novelty lies in its integrative framework—distinct from prior studies treating these dimensions separately—its grounding in emerging-economy realities rather than Western-centric assumptions, and its qualitative depth revealing the cognitive, cultural, and institutional conditions enabling systemic transformation. Practically, these findings offer leaders actionable pathways for embedding sustainability and innovation within strategic systems, while advancing theory by demonstrating how dynamic capabilities operate as integrated transformation mechanisms. This research contributes to the scholarly discourse on how organizations in emerging economies can achieve competitive resilience through purposeful alignment of innovation, sustainability, and strategic leadership in global transformation.