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Developing a Writing Assessment Instrument for English Students on Argumentative Essays Suhono, Suhono; Nur Mukminatien; Erikson Saragih; Raga Driyan Pratama; Impiani Zagoto; Ardhi Eka Fadilah; Risma Fahrul Amin
International Journal of Community Engagement Payungi Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Community Engagement Payungi
Publisher : Yayasan Payungi Smart Madani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58879/ijcep.v5i1.65

Abstract

Writing argumentative essay poses a significant challenge for English students, who often struggle with expressing opinions, organizing ideas logically, and using appropriate language structures. Despite the importance of assessing writing skills at early stages, few reliable instruments exist that are specifically designed to evaluate argumentative essay. This study aims to develop a valid and reliable analytic rubric to assess students’ argumentative essay skills, focusing on six key components: clarity of thesis, organization and coherence, supporting evidence, argument development, language use, and vocabulary range. The research employed a design-based development approach, incorporating literature review, expert validation, and empirical testing. Content validity was established through expert judgment (S-CVI = 0.95), and the instrument was pilot-tested with 85 English students. Statistical analyses demonstrated high inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.87) and strong internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.89). Descriptive data revealed that while English students showed emerging abilities in thesis clarity and grammar, they struggled with supporting arguments and maintaining logical flow. The resulting rubric serves both as an assessment and instructional tool, helping educators diagnose English student needs and promote writing development. Unlike general-purpose rubrics or those designed for advanced English students, this rubric is specifically aligned with the challenges of early-stage academic writers. The study contributes to closing a gap in writing assessment tools and provides a practical resource for use in EFL classrooms
EFL TEACHERS’ WRITING STRATEGIES IN ACADEMIC WRITING WHILE PURSUING A MASTER’S DEGREE ABOARD Wijayanti, Sheirly Octaviantoro Ayu; Mukminatien, Nur; Sujiatmoko, Ahmad Heki
Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching Vol 9, No 1: June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/ll.v9i1.11202

Abstract

The use of English for adult L2 writers encountered significant challenges in an English-mediated environment. This phenomenon is experienced by EFL teachers while pursuing a Master’s degree abroad. The necessity of challenges and the lack of writing strategies may highlight the obstacles to writing productivity. Therefore, identifying the challenges and effective writing strategies is needed to achieve the goal of writing a thesis. This study used a qualitative narrative inquiry, with in-depth interviews, and focused on 3 Indonesian participants who studied abroad. The findings showed several challenges faced by participants, including academic and non-academic challenges. Academic challenge covers language and content challenge, including problems in grammar, academic style, vocabulary, finding a topic, and novelty, as well as non-academic challenge, including issues in supervisor relationship, time management, mental and emotional pressure. Also, four strategies are applied: cognitive, metacognitive, affective, and social. This research may guide future Master’s students on the importance of specific writing strategies in academic writing and may highlight effective English teaching and impact future international writing publications.
Exploring self-regulated writing strategies: A comparison between paragraphs and essays Sari, Ratih Novita; Umamah, Atik; Anggraini, Merliyani Putri; Arianto, M. Affandi; Kurniasih, Kurniasih; Mukminatien, Nur
Studies in English Language and Education Vol 10, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/siele.v10i2.26146

Abstract

Writing requires a complex skill, and thus students need to regulate themselves in employing the appropriate strategies to achieve good writing performance. The present research investigated Self-Regulated Writing (SRW) strategies used by EFL (English as a Foreign Language) university students. It contrasted the students' strategies related to the complex structure of the texts (i.e., paragraphs and essays) and students writing performance. The data information came from two separate sets of self-regulated learning strategy questionnaire, as well as writing outcomes of the students. Descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney U test were utilized to evaluate the data. The six dimensions of SRW strategies were extensively utilized in paragraph and essay writings. The six dimensions include motive, method, time, performance, physical environment, and social environment. Interestingly, the social environment dimension had the highest mean score, showing that the students needed assistance from their peers and available learning resources. Meanwhile, the motive dimension obtained the lowest mean in both paragraph and essay writings. Furthermore, the analysis showed no significant statistical difference in using SRW strategies in writing paragraphs and essays except in the method dimension. The difference in strategy use based on achievement was also not significant. The results indicate that the students applied similar SRW strategies in paragraph and essay writings regardless of their proficiency levels. Pedagogical implications and recommendations for future research are also further discussed in the article.
The Developing a Valid and Reliable Assessment Instrument for Academic Essay Writing in Higher Education M. Hilmy Hidayatullah; Nadrotin Mawaddah; Nur Mukminatien; Suhono, Suhono; Mukminatus Zuhriyah; Nahid Ayad; Yeasy Agustina Sari
Bulletin of Science Education Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Bulletin of Science Education
Publisher : CV. Creative Tugu Pena

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51278/bse.v5i1.1896

Abstract

Many university instructors assess academic essay writing using general rubrics or borrowed instruments that do not align with specific course outcomes and learner profiles. This study was initiated to address this gap by developing a valid and reliable assessment instrument for academic essay writing among EFL university students, focusing on argumentative essays. The instrument was constructed systematically, involving needs analysis, expert validation, pilot testing, and statistical evaluation for reliability and validity. The trial was conducted with 6 students from the English Language Education Study Program, and their essays were rated by two trained raters. The results showed that the rubric successfully captured performance variation across six key writing components and allowed for consistent scoring with minimal discrepancies between raters. Expert validators confirmed that the rubric is clear, relevant, and aligned with academic essay writing expectations. Rater reliability analysis showed consistent inter-rater scores (score differences ≤1 point), indicating strong rubric usability. Based on these findings, this instrument offers a practical and theoretically grounded tool for assessing academic essay writing in EFL higher education settings.
Developing Assessment Instruments for Procedural Writing of Managing Flight Emergency and Urgency Situations: Examining Indonesian Aviation English Instructors’ Perceptions Pratama, Raga; Mukminatien, Nur; Fatmawati, Fatmawati; Suhono, Suhono
IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Lite
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24256/ideas.v13i2.7775

Abstract

Despite the critical need for written communication and emergency management proficiency in aviation, existing research in aviation English education has primarily emphasized speaking and listening skills, neglecting cadets’ writing abilities. This gap is particularly concerning given the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Annex 10 requirements, which demand accurate and coherent documentation in emergency scenarios. Addressing this void, the present study aimed to develop reliable and valid assessment instruments for assessing aviation cadets’ procedural writing skills in managing flight emergency and urgency situations. This study also examined the Indonesian Aviation English instructors’ perceptions on the developed assessment instruments. Employing a Research and Development (R&D) design using the ADDIE model—Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation—the study constructed test instructions and an analytic scoring rubric based on learning indicators derived from ICAO Annex 10. The instruments underwent expert validation (CVI = 1.00) and were trialed with 24 third-semester aeronautical communication cadets. The inter-rater reliability test showed good consistency (ICC = 0.802–0.890), confirming the rubric’s reliability in practical use. Results revealed that the instruments effectively assessed both linguistic skills and operational understanding. Aviation English instructors found the assessment instruments pedagogically valuable as they promoted integrated language learning and critical thinking skills through the application of a sequenced procedure in managing flight emergency and urgency situations. However, limitations include the small sample size and the absence of multimodal performance assessments. Future research should expand implementation across diverse aviation academies and explore integration with AI-driven tools or scenario-based simulations. This study contributes to English for Specific Purposes (ESP) pedagogy by providing a validated framework for enhancing and assessing domain-specific writing in high-stakes professional contexts.
Genre-based assessment: Developing instruments for assessing students’ ability to write a narrative text Santoso, Dian Rahma; Fauziah, Humairah; Mukminatien, Nur
Journal on English as a Foreign Language Vol 15 No 2 (2025): Issued in September 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Palangka Raya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23971/jefl.v15i2.9593

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Research highlights a mismatch between the general scoring rubrics teachers use and the specific features required to assess genre-based writing, potentially due to a lack of genre-based approach-specific models. The study aims to develop and validate genre-based assessment instruments, and it sought to evaluate the validity and reliability of these instruments to ensure their suitability for classroom-based assessment. This study involved four stages of the research and development (R&D) model: initial product development, refinement, field-testing, and revision. Data were collected through focus group discussions (FGD) with a fellow teacher on the test blueprint and rubric, a questionnaire on participants’ perceptions of test quality, and field-testing of 40 students’ writing scores. SPSS was used to analyze inter-rater reliability, and participants deemed the instruments suitable for classroom use. The results show that genre-based assessment through the tasks is effectively aligned with instructional objectives with assessment practices. It revealed a strong positive correlation, confirming the reliability of the scoring rubric. Thus, the instruments are both valid and reliable for assessing students’ narrative writing performance. The findings emphasize the potential of genre-based assessment tools to align instructional goals with assessment practices, offering implications for enhancing the teaching and assessment of genre-specific writing in educational contexts.
DEVELOPING A GENRE-BASED ACADEMIC WRITING MODULE FOR ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS Sitompul, Siti Kholija; Mukminatien, Nur; Ivone, Francisca Maria
LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching Vol 28, No 2 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : English Education Study Programme of Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/llt.v28i2.5385

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English department students studying English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in Indonesia often struggle to build some core academic writing skills, notably their ability to generate ideas and to think critically. Motivated by this, the study attempted to develop an academic writing module for English department students based on the Genre-Based Approach (GBA) that can assist them in focusing on the process of developing ideas for academic writing as well as applying critical thinking when writing academic essays. Borg and Gall’s (1983) six-stage Research and Development (RD) model was employed. The developed module, which adhered to the GBA framework, includes four learning stages, i.e., (1) Building Knowledge of the Field, (2) Modelling of the Text, (3) Joint Construction of the Text, and (4) Independent Construction of the Text, as well as various tasks that allow language learners to generate ideas and construct sentences appropriate for academic writing. In addition, the module contains writing theories, tasks, and strategies for building some core academic writing skills. During its development, the module was refined based on recommendations from academic writing and Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) experts. Following that, a small-scale try-out was conducted with eleven English department students. The trial revealed that the target users perceived the module as beneficial for developing basic academic writing skills, as it systematically guided them through the writing process with the support of tasks, lecturers, and peers.
DEVELOPING READING ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT FOR INTERMEDIATE EFL LEARNERS: AZWAR MODEL Masitoh, Fitriatul; Fitriyah, Ima; Mukminatien, Nur
English Review: Journal of English Education Vol. 11 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : University of Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/erjee.v11i3.7461

Abstract

The study was inspired by the fact that teachers of an intermediate English reading course employed a pre-made reading instrument particularly tests obtained from the internet, the TOEFL, or a textbook without consulting the learning objectives. Therefore, they cannot meet the demand of the teaching and learning objectives and the classroom-based assessment that should be tailored to the unique circumstances of the course. The objective of this study is to create intermediate reading comprehension test items for EFL students that adhere to the "good test" criterion generated utilizing the Azwar Model (1996). Second-semester students of English Language department in one of institutions in Kediri, Indonesia were meant to take a reading test using this instrument. The results of the try-out from 75 EFL students from the same level demonstrates that the test met the requirements of being valid, reliable, and practical, had moderate difficulty level, good discrimination levels as the most, and 73 functional distractors of the total. Meanwhile, five-invalid test items are not going to be included to be utilized in assessing EFL students’ reading comprehension. Intermediate reading course lecturers could then utilize the 35 items which are considered as valid, reliable, and moderately difficult to measure their students’ reading achievement.
Exploring Informal Digital Language Learning: How Learning Frequency Counts Indrayani, Ninuk; Cahyono, Bambang Yudi; Mukminatien, Nur; Ivone, Francisca Maria
Journal of Languages and Language Teaching Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024): July
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jollt.v12i3.11366

Abstract

Facing globalization era, students tend to learn English informally. However, among the enormous studies on the use of informal learning, it was still inconclusive whether the time spent students dealt with their gadget really connected to English proficiency. This paper examines informal learning frequency in the area of English as a Foreign Language (EFL), particularly its contribution to students’ English proficiency. The study focuses on the discussions of time spent that students engage through English learning by the navigation of the digital application as part of informal learning. Correlation study was employed as the research design by collecting the data from 302 Indonesian university students through a survey. The findings showed positive yet low level of correlation, but reflect a description that students who preserve more time in the informal learning engagements made better improvement to English proficiency. The results of the study convinced that the frequent engagement with high agency of learning goal commitment is essential for achieving better English proficiency. Additionally, it adds an insight into how informal learning high frequency can make a unique contribution to EFL learners’ overall English outcomes and determine how teachers can provide necessary support to acknowledge the emerging progress of technology in education and modify their classroom practice through technology-enhanced language teaching with the intention of encouraging students’ autonomous learning with technology into language learning opportunities outside the classroom in order to enrich pedagogical insight of how informal digital learning can complement in-class and out-of-class learning.
Cyber Fatigue in the Classroom: Unravelling the Complex Web of Technostress Among EFL Teachers Muslimin, Afif Ikhwanul; Mukminatien, Nur; Ivone, Fransisca Maria
EDUCATION AND LINGUISTICS KNOWLEDGE JOURNAL Vol 6 No 1 (2024): Education and Linguistics Knowledge Journal (Edulink)
Publisher : Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Islam Kadiri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32503/edulink.v6i1.5192

Abstract

The rapid technological change has affected education globally, ushering in both positive and negative consequences for teachers. This study focuses on the phenomenon of cyber fatigue among teachers, particularly in teaching English as a foreign language (EFL). Hence, it aims to comprehensively investigate the factors contributing to technostress, its effects on the teachers’ performance, and the strategies employed to cope with it, while also exploring the relationships among these variables. A mixed-method approach was employed, encompassing quantitative data collection through an online survey and qualitative insights gathered through interviews. The study involved 34 Indonesian EFL teachers spanning various educational levels. Findings revealed that the absence of a technology-based Teacher Professional Development (TPD) program, coupled with the rapid evolution of technology, heightened anxiety among EFL teachers and significantly impacted their teaching performance. However, the resilience and determination of these educators drove them to employ various coping mechanisms, which helped alleviate technostress to varying degrees. Interestingly, the study discovered that not all variables exhibited positive correlations. Specifically, coping strategies did not appear to be correlated with the factors triggering technostress or its effects, suggesting a complex and nuanced relationship in the realm of technostress management among teachers.
Co-Authors A Halim Abdul Halim Achmad Effendi Kadarisman Afif Ikhwanul Muslimin, Afif Ikhwanul Ahmad Heki Sujiatmoko Anggraini, Merliyani Putri Anik Nunuk Wulyani Ardhi Eka Fadilah Ariyanto, Meilisa Sindy Astika Asih Santi Hastuti Asnawi Muslem Atik Umamah Atika Kumala Dewi Atiqah Nurul Asri Badriyah Ulfah Bambang Yudi Cahyono Batunan, Deisyi Anna Chusna, Sumti Ekaning Dewanti Laksmi Eko Suhartoyo El Khoiri, Niamika Enny Irawati Erikson Saragih Erma Sujiyani Erma Sujiyani, Erma Fatmawati, Fatmawati Fauziah, Humairah Fika Megawati Fitrana Harintama Fitriyah, Ima Francisca Maria Ivone Ika Trisnantasari Ika Trisnantasari, Ika Imam Wahyudi Karimullah Ivone, Fransisca Maria khusnul khotimah Kurniasih Kurniasih Kurniasih Kurniasih M. Affandi Arianto M. Hilmy Hidayatullah Masitoh, Fitriatul Maya Rizki Fauzia Maya Rizki Fauzia, Maya Rizki Meilisa Sindy Astika Ariyanto Merliyani Putri Anggraini Mida Alifia Soviana Mirjam Anugerahwati Moh. Taufik Mukminatus Zuhriyah Nadrotin Mawaddah Nahid Ayad Nila Swandari Ninuk Indrayani Nisrina Nisrina Nisrina Nisrina Nova Ariyani Nunung Suryati Pratama, Raga Raga Driyan Pratama Rahmadi Nirwanto, Rahmadi Rahmanita, Meiga Ratih Novita Sari Ratih Novita Sari, Ratih Novita Rhima Holida Nurmala Rihardini, Ajeng Ayu Risma Fahrul Amin Ruqoyah Yulia Hasanah Dhomiri Saiful Marhaban Santoso, Dian Rahma Sari Karmina Shinta, Lucia Geneviave Bella Sintha Tresnadewi Sitompul, Siti Kholija Sri Rachmajanti Sri Rahmajanti Sri Rahmajanti, Sri Suci, Dewi Nur Suharyadi Suhono Suhono, Suhono Syahria, Nukmatus Syamdianita Syamdianita, Syamdianita Syarifudin, Syarifudin Teguh Sulistyo Tengku Intan Suzila bt Tengku Sharif Utami Widiati Wardani Dwi Suhastyanang Wihda Nadia Silcha Wijayanti, Sheirly Octaviantoro Ayu Yaniafari, Rahmati Putri Yazid Basthomi Yeasy Agustina Sari Yulia Vonna Yuniatri Intan Kusuma Ningrum Yunita Puspitasari Zagoto, Impiani