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Adi Neka Fatyandri
Universitas Internasional Batam
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Public Health Social Sciences Other

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The Role of Employee Engagement and Flexible HRM in Improving Employee Performance Afiza, Afiza; Fatyandri, Adi Neka; Muchsinati, Evi Silvana
Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Sharia Economics (IIJSE) Vol 9 No 2 (2026): Sharia Economics
Publisher : Universitas KH. Abdul Chalim Mojokerto

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Abstract

Employee performance is a critical factor for maintaining organizational competitiveness, particularly in specialized service industries such as maritime safety equipment inspection. Employee engagement and flexible human resource management (FHRM) are often considered key drivers of improved job performance. While previous studies have examined the relationship between employee engagement and flexible HR practices, most have focused on sectors such as information technology. Limited research has explored these relationships in the maritime safety service sector, particularly in Indonesia. The study employed a quantitative research method using non-probability sampling with accidental sampling approach. Data were collected from 170 employees across five ship safety equipment inspection companies in Batam (PT Global Marine Safety, PT Sucofindo, PT Devin Marine Safety, PT Mulia Safety Service, and PT Cahaya Samudra Marine). The research utilized PLS-SEM analysis with SmartPLS application, measuring variables through a 10-point Likert scale questionnaire distributed online from November 2024 to January 2025. The results demonstrate that all variables (employee engagement, flexible human resource management, and job performance) exhibit high validity and reliability. Direct path analysis reveals that employee engagement significantly influences both FHRM (β = 0.595, p < 0.001) and job performance (β = 0.545, p < 0.001). However, FHRM does not significantly affect job performance directly (β = 0.211, p = 0.093) and fails to function effectively as a mediator between employee engagement and job performance (β = 0.126, p = 0.069). This study extends the literature by examining employee engagement and FHRM in the maritime safety sector in Indonesia. The findings suggest that employee engagement plays a more direct and dominant role in enhancing job performance than flexible HR practices. Organizations in specialized service industries should therefore prioritize strategies that strengthen employee engagement to improve performance outcomes.
Co-Authors ., Tina Adzra Afifah Pratiwi Afiza, Afiza Aisyah Fitriana Alex Alex Alfred Joven Alif Ananda Pratama Alvina, June Ananda, Anggun Dea Andriani Fahira Angel Angel Angel Angel Angelica Vivian Chrysti Angelina, Winna Anggun Dea Ananda Anisa Yessika Nababan Annisya Mega Dwi Handayani Antonio Tantra Wijaya Benedicte Hartono* Calvin Calvin Carol Carol Carol, Carol Caroline Angelina Chairunisa Aj Reqha Christini, Julia Cindy Hartono Clarissa, Felicia Daniel Oktaf Theosandoro Defen Defen Desi Pratama Deviana Lie Deviana Lie Devlin Wang Eason Prisco Edvan Suwandi Ela Rahmawati Ella Triana Wirawan Eric Gilbert Saputra Eric Kingsman Evelyn Loo Evi Silvana Muchsinati Fajar, Inayah Alifia Febbryan Zhangrinto Fellia Rivanti Fenny Ferdinand Ferdinand Feriady Darma Saputra, Osgood Fion Jennifer Fiona Fiona Fiona Fiona Fitriana, Aisyah Frendy Frendy Go, Michelle Guo, Bernard Hartono*, Benedicte Hendro Hendro Inayah Alifia Fajar Iveren Monica Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson Jackson, Jackson James Valentino Janes Tan Jason Jason Yodiputra Jeny Jeny Jeremy Kent Jerry Jerry Jerry, Jerry Jesslyn Jesslyn Jesson Lim Jessyka Jessyka Jesty Jesty Jimmy Lim Joan Goh Jolin Jolin Jollin Jollin Jollin, Jollin Jovi Ong Jovina Jovina Jovina, Jovina Joycelin Joycelin Julius Kurnaedi Jumi Liana June Alvina Junes tin Junianto Junianto Karina Rusyen Katherine Katherine Kelly Kelly Kelvin Kelvin Kendri Setiawan Khesi Khesi, Khesi Kingsman, Eric Kingsman, Eric Lim, Arvin Lina Lina Lusiana Lylya Shanty Malvin Agustino Manurung, Windy Octaviana Maryati Maryati Maryati Mashita Ayuni Melinda, Rieza Melson Melson Melvin Tioris Merlin Leona Michelle Go Michelle Michelle Michelle Michelle Michelle Selvia Liu Mitha Veronica Moderin Mon, Muhammad Donal Mualifah Nurhidayati Nancy Nancy Ng, Selina. Nicholas Sunaidi Nico Hadi Nita Zunara Nita Zunara, Nita Novi Angelina Nur Hadiyati Nurlaila Nurlaila Nurul Jofia Nurul Jofia Ong, Jovi Osgood Feriady Darma Saputra P Purwanto Patricia Patricia Pratama, Desi Putri Surya Sri Rahayu Rahmadhanti Renaldi, Angelina Julia Rezky Dwiham Ginting Richard Ng Richmond, Richmond Ricky Tan Rina Anggraini, Rina Rio Fernando Rizal Verandi Roger Candra Wijaya Sabella, Delfina Muthia Sandra, Novi Sandy Putra Saw liong Selina Phang Selina. Ng Selli Selli Selly Selly Selvia Eka Marliana Senly Senly Sentoso, Antony Shechah Majesty Shelly Elida Shelvi Shelvi Sheril Fitri Riana Shirlyn Shirlyn Shirlyn, Shirlyn Shofiy Shofiyah Shofiyah, Shofiy Silvia Salim Silvia Salim Sonata, Vina Stella Stella Steven Steven Sunaidi, Nicholas Tan Le Xuan Teddi Firmawan Teddy Ong Thea Evanglista br Surbakti Theosandoro, Daniel Oktaf Theosandoro, Daniel Oktaf Tiara Maharani Tiara Maharani, Tiara Trillian Lim Valentina, Eni Valentino, James Vanders, William Vanessa Flesya Vina Sonata Vivianti, Weni Wenny Wijaya, Antonio Tantra Wiko Alexandro William William Vanders William William Willien Agustian Wilyanto, Adi Winda Fionita Sitorus Winda Fionita Sitorus Windyana Yang Winna Angelina Yessa Natasha Yessa Natasha Yulia Herman Yusuftan, Leonard Suryadi Yuswardi yuswardi, Yuswardi Zaky, Muhammad Farhan Zidane Huang Zidane Zidane