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Rini Muharini
PS Pendidikan Kimia Jurusan PMIPA FKIP Universitas Tanjungpura
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Journal : Pharmascience

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Cytotoxicity and Pro-Apoptotic Effect of Dichloromethane Fraction of Nauclea subdita Stem Bark on HepG2 Liver Cancer Cell Modeling Nabila, Chesya; Masriani, Masriani; Muharini, Rini
Jurnal Pharmascience Vol 12, No 2 (2025): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Program Studi Farmasi FMIPA Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v12i2.22330

Abstract

Kanker hati merupakan salah satu jenis kanker dengan angka kejadian dan kematian yang tinggi di dunia, sehingga penemuan antikanker baru yang aman dan efektif menjadi sangat penting. Nauclea subdita, yang dikenal sebagai bengkal telah digunakan secara tradisional oleh masyarakat Kalimantan untuk mengobati berbagai penyakit. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa tumbuhan bengkal berpotensi sebagai antikanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mengevaluasi sitotoksisitas, induksi apoptosis, dan penghambatan siklus sel dari fraksi kulit  batang dan daun bengkal (Nauclea subdita) terhadap sel kanker hati HepG2. Uji sitotoksisitas dilakukan menggunakan metode MTT, induksi apoptosis dianalisis menggunakan Annexin V-FITC/PI dengan flow cytometry, dan penghambatan siklus sel menggunakan pewarna RNase/PI kit juga dengan flow cytometry. Hasil uji sitotoksisitas menunjukkan bahwa fraksi DCM pH 3 kulit batang N. subdita memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik paling tinggi dibandingkan fraksi lainnya, dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 182,49 ±22,99µg/mL dengan indeks selektivitas 0,80 ± 22,9. Fraksi DCM pH 3 tidak menyebabkan penghambatan siklus sel, namun pada konsentrasi IC50 mampu menginduksi apoptosis pada sel HepG2 dengan persentase apoptosis total sebesar 51,5%. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kulit batang bengkal berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai sumber antikanker baru.  Kata Kunci: Sitotoksisitas, Nauclea subdita, HepG2, Apoptosis, Siklus Sel  ABSTRACT Liver cancer is one of the cancer types with high incidence and mortality rates worldwide, making the discovery of new, safe, and effective anticancer agents critically important. Nauclea subdita, known as bengkal, has been traditionally used by the people of Kalimantan to treat various diseases. Previous studies have indicated that bengkal possesses anticancer potential. This study aims to evaluate the cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction, and cell cycle inhibition of stem bark and leaf fractions of Nauclea subdita against HepG2 liver cancer cells. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay, apoptosis induction was analyzed with Annexin V-FITC/PI via flow cytometry, and cell cycle inhibition was evaluated using the RNase/PI kit, also by flow cytometry. The cytotoxicity test results showed that the DCM pH 3 fraction of N. subdita stem bark exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity compared to other fractions, with an IC50 value of 182.49 ±22.99 µg/mL and a selectivity index of 0.80 ± 22.9. The DCM pH 3 fraction did not cause cell cycle arrest, but at the IC50 concentration, it was able to induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells with a total apoptosis percentage of 51.5%. These findings suggest that bengkal stem bark has potential to be developed as a novel source of anticancer agents.
Co-Authors A Ifriani Harun AA Sudharmawan, AA Abdul Hafiz, Iqbal Ade Kurnia Ade Mirza Adriana Martania Agung Hartoyo Agusta, Muhammad Farras Leonasa Agustinus Ridwan Ahmad Yani T Akrom, Akrom Andi Hairil Alimuddin Andi I. Harun Andi Ifriany Andriyani, Putri Anggi Fatmadiwi Angraini, Mega Restu Aninda, Dea Anjani, Safna Antonius Ola Apriliantika, Apriliantika Arit Arit Arniezca, Elginda Yusa Asriah Nurdini M. Asrori Asrori Assari, Andra Meisantry Aunurrahman Aunurrahman Ayni, Ayni Bella Agustina Bilqis, Adilla Cahyani, Gustin Cahyani, Melur Regista Candra Candra Claudina Marditha Dea Aninda Dedi Irawan Depasthika, Sistha Citra Desy Ramadhani Putri Dewi Pratiwi Dinda Kartika Wijayanti Dzul Fadly Eka Kartina Eka Sofia Elisa, Claudia Eva Eni Mayasari Eny Enawati Eny Enawati Eny Enawati Eny Enawaty Eny Enawaty ERLINA Erlina Erlina Erlina Ersando Ersando Ersando Ersando Fadly, Dzul Fania, Ririn Putri Faridy, Fadhil Alwa Fatin Khairunnisa Fatmadiwi, Anggi Fatmala, Fatmala Febriani, Melda Fia Tiaraseta Firman Shantya Budi Fitri, Rosiana Fitriani Fitriani Gerina, Febrilia Hafiz, Muhammad Iqbal Abdul Hairida Hairida Hamdil Mukhlishin Henny Herawaty Hidayati, Putri Risti Husna Amalya Melati Husna Amalya Melati Husna Amalya Melati Ifriani, Andi Ifriany, A. Ifriany, Andi Ifriany, Andy Iqbal Abdul Hafiz Ira Lestari Ira Lestari Ira Lestari Irene Yudea Listra Irmalia, Andari Meriam Isa Isa Isa Isa Istiqomah Istiqomah istiqomah istiqomah Istiqomah, Fatiyatul Laili Fitri Yeni Lestari*, Ira Lukman Hadi Lukman Hadi Lukman Hadi Lukman Hadi, Lukman Maharani Nukila Maharani Nukila Mahendra, M. Rezha Mardasela, Tery Margareta Lita Widiansari Maria Ulfa Maria Ulfah Maria Ulfah Marisa Marisa Maryani Maryani Maryani Maryani Masriani . Masriani Masriani Maulidiyah, Hanna Rohmatul MELANIA, PURNAMA Melur Regista Cahyani Meri Meri Miranti, Maya Monica, Icha Monica, Qois Monika, Putri Dharma Muhammad Arifin Muhammad Asrori Muhammad Asrori Muhammad Farras Leonasa Agusta Nabila, Chesya Nelly Dayanti Noprianti, Dini Novi Dwi Trisnawati Nur Hijriyati Nurhalimah, Risna Nurpaisah, Nurpaisah Nurul Hikmah Pasaribu, Revi Lestari Patia, Patia Peter Proksch Pingkan Ramadhan Sailendra Pranata, Rio Pratami, Hutianas Muhar Pratiwi, Divya Indah Pundentiana Stella Padari Purnama Melanie Puspita, Vivi Anugrah Rachamat Sahputra Rachmat Sahputra Rachmat Sahputra Rachmat Sahputra Rahma, Saparina Rahmad Ulwan Rahmat Rasmawan Ramadhan Sailendra, Pingkan Ramadhanti, Nuzul Alya Risya Sasri Riyanto, Izory Roman Rody Putra Sartika Rossesa, Rossesa RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Rudiyansyah Rudiyansyah Rudiyansyah Rudiyansyah, Rusnani Rusnani Sabianto, Fransiskus Sahputra, Rahmat Saleha, Tsaniya Rahma Sasri, Risya Seilendra, Pingkan Ramadhan Selina, Selina Siahaan, Gorga Josua Chrisvandoli Silpia Vilda Saputri suci dessia Sulistyarini, Sulistyarini surono, wahid Syamswisna , theresia, monica Tiara, Tiara Tomo Djudin Tulus Djunanto Tulus Junanto Tulus Junanto Ubadilla Mairani Ulwan, Rahmad Ursula Lisfatkandayant Utami, Nurzam Indah Verya Adithya Vita Oktavianty Wahyuni, Neri Wandi Wandi Warohmah, Mawaddatul Warsidah Warsidah Warsidah Warsidah Warsidah, Warsidah Widiana Uluk Naikofi WOLLY CANDRAMILA Yeni Meilani Yeni Triana Yopita Ita Yuliarita, Yuliarita Yuni Wanda Lestari Zakaria, Andi