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All Journal Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences EDUKASIA Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Sakai Sambayan Kodifikasia: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Jurnal Agroteknos Eksplorium : Buletin Pusat Pengembangan Bahan Galian Nuklir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan Sinkron : Jurnal dan Penelitian Teknik Informatika International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal Jurnal Agrotek Tropika Martabe : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Riset Inspirasi Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan Dialogia: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Sosial JURNAL KAJIAN TEKNIK MESIN International Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting Research (IJEBAR) Jurnal JTIK (Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi) Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management Jurnal Agrotropika BAKTI BANUA : JURNAL PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT Jurnal Mandala Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Manajemen Informatika Jayakarta Journal of Agriculture (JoA) Research Review: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin JPNM : Jurnal Pustaka Nusantara Multidisiplin Amal Ilmiah: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Pendidikan Profesi Guru Journal of Islamic Education Students Jurnal Pengabdian Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung Asian Journal of Environmental Research ISLAMITSCH FAMILIERECHT JOURNAL International Journal of Technology and Education Research Economics Development Analysis Journal JURNAL REKAYASA KIMIA & LINGKUNGAN CJPP Jurnal Proteksi Agrikultura Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Profetik Servqual: Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Eksplorium : Buletin Pusat Pengembangan Bahan Galian Nuklir
Muhammad Nurdin
Jurusan Teknik Elektro, ITB, Bandung
Religion Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Implementation of Cooperative Learning Method to Improve Student Learning Outcomes in Islamic Education Learning at SD Negeri 107443 Kp. Taiwan Nursaibah; Nurdin, Muhammad; Saragih, Delima
Jurnal Pendidikan Profesi Guru Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): JULY 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Profesi Guru Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/jppg.v1i2.6709

Abstract

Arikunto, S. (2002). Prosedur Penelitian. Bandung: Rineka Cipta. Dasopang, M. D., Lubis, A. H., & Dasopang, H. R. (2022). How do Millennial Parents Internalize Islamic Values in Their Early Childhood in the Digital Era? AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 14(1), 697–708. Dasopang, M. D., Nasution, I. F. A., & Lubis, A. H. (2023). The Role of Religious and Cultural Education as A Resolution of Radicalism Conflict in Sibolga Community. HTS Theological Studies, 79(1), 1–7. Fatimah, A., & Maryani, K. (2018). Visual Literasi Media Pembelajaran Buku Cerita Anak. Jurnal Inovasi Teknologi Pendidikan, 5(1), 61–69. https://doi.org/10.21831/jitp.v5i1.16212 Gogahu, D. G. S., & Prasetyo, T. (2020). Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis E-Bookstory untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Membaca Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 4(4), 1004–1015. Hendrawati, S., Rosidin, U., & Astiani, S. (2020). Perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) siswa/siswi di sekolah menengah pertama negeri (SMPN). Jurnal Perawat Indonesia, 4(1), 295–307. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32584/jpi.v4i1.454 Lubis, A. H. (2019). Upaya Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar melalui Model Cooperative Learning Tipe Numered Heads Together. FORUM PAEDAGOGIK, 11(2), 127–143. Lubis, A. H. (2023). The Interactive Multimedia Based on Theo-Centric Approach as Learning Media during the Covid-19 Pandemic. JPI (Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia), 12(2), 210–222. Lubis, A. H., & Dasopang, M. D. (2020). Pengembangan Buku Cerita Bergambar Berbasis Augmented Reality untuk Mengakomodasi Generasi Z. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 5(6), 780–791. Lubis, A. H., Dasopang, M. D., Ramadhini, F., & Dalimunthe, E. M. (2022). Augmented Reality Pictorial Storybook: How does It Influence on Elementary School Mathematics Anxiety? Premiere Educandum: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Dan Pembelajaran, 12(1), 41–53. Lubis, A. H., & Wangid, M. N. (2019). Augmented Reality-assisted Pictorial Storybook: Media to Enhance Discipline Character of Primary School Students. Mimbar Sekolah Dasar, 6(1), 11–20. https://doi.org/10.17509/mimbar-sd.v6i1.16415 Lubis, A. H., Yusup, F., Dasopang, M. D., & Januariyansah, S. (2021). Effectivity of Interactive Multimedia with Theocentric Approach to the Analytical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students in Science Learning. Premiere Educandum: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Dan Pembelajaran, 11(2), 215–226. Manshur, U., & Ramdlani, M. (2019). Media audio visual dalam pembelajaran PAI. Al-Murabbi:Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 5(1), 1–8. Mardhiyah, R. H., Aldriani, S. N. F., Chitta, F., & Zulfikar, M. R. (2021). Pentingnya Keterampilan Belajar di Abad 21 sebagai Tuntutan dalam Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia. Lectura: Jurnal Pendidikan, 12(1), 29–40. Ningsih, Y. S., Mulia, M., & Lubis, A. H. (2023). Development of Picture Storybooks with TheoAnthropoEco Centric Approach for Elementary School Students. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 15(2), 1888–1903. Nurhidayah, I., Asifah, L., & Rosidin, U. (2021). Pengetahuan , Sikap dan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar. 13(1), 61–71. https://doi.org/10.32528/ijhs.v13i1.4864 Pebtiyanti, I., Ahmad, A., Dzaky, M., Fauziah, S. N., Rendi, & Puspitasari, P. (2023). Peran kurikulum merdeka dalam meningkatkan harmonisasi antara masyarakat dan sekolah. Jurnal Pacu Pendidikan Dasar, 3(1), 269–277. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22021/pacu.v3i1.411 Rahman, A., Munandar, S. A., Fitriani, A., Karlina, Y., & Yumriani. (2022). Pengertian Pendidikan, Ilmu Pendidikan dan Unsur-Unsur Pendidikan. Al Urwatul Wutsqa: Kajian Pendidikan Islam, 2(1), 1–8. Ricardo, R., & Meilani, R. I. (2017). Impak Minat dan Motivasi Belajar terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Manajemen Perkantoran (JPManper), 2(2), 188–201. Santi, Undang, & Kasja. (2023). Peran Guru PAI dalam Membentuk Karakter Peserta Didik di Sekolah. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 7(2), 16078–16084. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v7i2.8918 Sugiyono. (2018). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Peran Soft Skill dan Praktik Kerja dalam Meningkatkan Kesiapan Kerja Melalui Motivasi Mahasiswa di Universitas Merdeka Malang Diana, Ulfa; Hidayatullah, Syarif; Alvianna, Stella; Nurdin, Muhammad; Khouruh, Umu
Jurnal Riset Inspirasi Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Riset Inspirasi Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Manajemen Indonesia (STIMI) Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35130/ae7y4181

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh Soft Skill dan Praktik Kerja Lapangan terhadap Kesiapan Kerja mahasiswa, dengan motivasi kerja sebagai variabel intervening. Kesiapan kerja mahasiswa merupakan aspek yang sangat penting dalam dunia pendidikan, khususnya dalam mempersiapkan mereka menghadapi tantangan di pasar kerja yang semakin kompetitif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Universitas Merdeka Malang dengan melibatkan 80 mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis angkatan 21 sebagai sampel. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data primer diperoleh melalui kuesioner dan wawancara, yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif yang signifikan antara Soft Skill dan Praktik Kerja Lapangan terhadap Kesiapan Kerja melalui motivasi kerja. Selain itu, motivasi kerja juga terbukti berpengaruh positif terhadap kesiapan kerja mahasiswa. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya pengembangan Soft Skill dan pengalaman praktis dalam meningkatkan kesiapan kerja. Meskipun ada pengaruh tidak langsung melalui motivasi kerja, hasilnya tidak signifikan, menunjukkan bahwa faktor lain, seperti pengalaman kerja dan kondisi pasar, mungkin lebih dominan dalam menentukan kesiapan kerja. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi bagi pengembangan kurikulum yang lebih relevan, serta memberikan wawasan mendalam bagi akademisi dan praktisi di bidang pendidikan dan manajemen sumber daya manusia. Selain itu, hasil penelitian ini juga diharapkan menjadi landasan untuk penelitian selanjutnya yang membahas tema serupa, serta berkontribusi dalam pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan di bidang pendidikan.
ANALYSIS OF GROWTH AND YIELD OF SHALLOT VARIETIES WITH ORGANIC LIQUID FERTILIZER IN THE SUB-OPTIMAL LAND OF WAMENA Tuhuteru, Sumiyati; Inrianti, Inrianti; Maulidiyah, Maulidiyah; Nurdin, Muhammad
Journal of Agriculture Vol. 2 No. 02 (2023): Research Articles, July 2023
Publisher : ITScience (Information Technology and Science)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47709/joa.v2i02.2545

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This study compares the degree of adaptation of four shallot varieties introduced to the sub-optimal land of Wamena with one local variety. The study determined the physiological processes of plants observed 5 and 11 weeks after planting. The results show that the best-adapted shallot is the local variety which is indicated by the parameter of harvest index (0.820). In addition, the results showed that the local Wamena variety produced high production with a high assimilation rate (0.072 g/dm2week-1), had a leaf area (41,750 cm) and a high leaf area value (0.465 cm) even though it was indicated by treatment without fertilizer application. Liquid organic (control treatment). Compared with the introduced varieties, which showed no significant effect on each liquid organic fertilizer treatment level. The difference in responses shown by each variety is influenced by the genetic ability of each variety which is supported by environmental conditions.
Analyzing The Development of Cashless Society Using the Structural Equation Modeling Nurdin, Muhammad; Fernandes, Adji; Sumarminingsih, Eni; Solimun; Ullah, Muhammad
Economics Development Analysis Journal Vol. 13 No. 4 (2024): Economics Development Analysis Journal
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/edaj.v13i4.15874

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Payment systems continue to evolve alongside advancements in information technology, driving the digitization of financial services and payment instruments. This study examines the influence of Psychological, Socio-Cultural, and Personal Factors on adopting electronic money and the growth of a cashless society, with Financial Technology as a moderating variable. The research involved 1,000 Bank BNI customers in the Jabodetabek area (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi) actively using BNI Mobile Banking services. The analytical methods employed include Discourse Network Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling to develop a comprehensive analysis model. The results indicate that psychological and personal factors—such as motivation, perception, learning, positive attitude, modern lifestyle, and openness to change—significantly influence electronic money usage. However, socio-cultural factors do not exhibit a significant impact, primarily due to persistent cash usage habits and a lack of trust in technology. This study highlights the need for financial education to promote awareness of electronic money benefits and security, develop tailored financial products, and enhance regulatory collaboration between the government and relevant institutions.
Tradisi Ngubel Bagi Pasangan Pengantin Dalam Pandangan Al ‘Urf Dan Kontruktivisme Sosial Nurdin, Muhammad; Hidayat, Taufik
ISLAMITSCH FAMILIERECHT JOURNAL Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Islamitsch Familierecht Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Ekonomi Islam, IAIN Syaikh Abdurrahman Siddik, Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32923/ifj.v5i2.5065

Abstract

This research examines the phenomenon of the habit of eating bananas and smoking for bridal couples after the wedding ceremony in Ibul Village, West Bangka Regency, using a qualitative approach and phenomenological perspective. Through in-depth interviews and participant observation, this research aims to understand the social and cultural meaning behind these two practices. It was found that eating bananas served as a symbol of fertility and good luck, which created an emotional bond between the bridal couple and the community. Meanwhile, smoking is considered a social activity that strengthens relationships between community members, creating a space for sharing stories and traditional values.
Usability Analysis of Learning Device Monitoring Systems: Evaluation of User Experience for the Effectiveness of Educational Digitalization Nurdin, Muhammad; Yahya, Muhammad; Nur, Hasanah
International Journal of Technology and Education Research Vol. 3 No. 02 (2025): April - June, International Journal of Technology and Education Research (IJET
Publisher : International journal of technology and education research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63922/ijeter.v3i02.1887

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the usability level of the learning tool monitoring system developed to support the digitalization of learning administration management in the educational environment. Usability is a crucial aspect in the successful implementation of the system, because it is directly related to the convenience, comfort, and effectiveness of use by teachers, supervisors, and education staff. This study uses a descriptive quantitative approach with evaluation instruments that refer to six usability characteristics, namely appropriateness recognizability, learnability, operability, user error protection, user interface aesthetics, and accessibility. Data was collected through the distribution of questionnaires to the respondents of the users of the system, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of the analysis show that the system has an average usability value of 4.50 or 90.04%, which is classified as very good. The characteristics with the highest scores were accessibility (90.64%) and user interface aesthetics (90.42%), while the lowest scores were appropriateness recognizability (89.57%). These findings indicate that the system has met most of the users' expectations, especially in terms of the interface appearance, ease of access, and learning process of using the system. However, the aspects of function recognition and navigation still need to be slightly improved to be more optimal.
PEMILIHAN MATERIAL TANGKI UNTUK BAHAN BAKAR MARINE FUEL OIL(MFO) Rachman, Abdul; Kasiono, Roy; Nurdin, Muhammad; Suparman, Suparman
JURNAL KAJIAN TEKNIK MESIN Vol 9, No 2 (2024): Jurnal Kajian Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52447/jktm.v9i2.8243

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Bejana bertekanan dalam hal ini adalah tangki MFO, didesain untuk menahan gas atau liquid pada tekanan yang jauh berbeda dengan tekanan normal. Berbagai bentuk tangki yang selama ini digunakan sebagai bejana bertekanan antara lain spheres, cylinders dan cones. Namun, karena sulitnya manufaktur membentuk lingkaran atau sphere, maka desain dengan bentuk silinder lebih banyak digunakan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan studi lapangan dan software untuk mengetahui kekuatan material bahan tangki MFO yang aman, Dari hasil perhitungan bahwa tegangan-tegangan yang terjadi yaitu tegangan longitudinal dan tegangan keliling, yang terbesar terjadi pada tegangan keliling dengan menggunakan las tumpang yaitu sebesar 4,832 MPa untuk material AISI 304 L, dan tegangan termal akibat beda suhu besarnya adalah 4,486 MPa pada suhu 100oC, tetapi masih lebih kecil dari tegangan yang izin bahan. Semakin besar suhu yang terjadi semakin besar tegangan termal yang terjadi tetapi masih lebih kecil dari tegangan izin bahan. Dan semakin tebal dinding tangki (5 mm menjadi 6 mm), maka semakin kecil tegangan yang terjadi (8,528 MPa menjadi 7,106 MPa, tetapi masih kecil dari tegangan izin bahan (56,819 MPa).
Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp.: Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp. Darmawan, Akhmad; Maulidiyah; Megawati; Ariani, Novita; Aisya, Sitti; Sukirno; Randy, Ahmad; Primahana, Gian; Hendra, Medi; Nurdin, Muhammad
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.14

Abstract

Ramalina sp. (Ramalinaceae) is a type of lichen known to contain many active secondary metabolite compounds that have the potential to be used as medicine or medicinal raw materials. One of the biological activities possessed by Ramalina sp. lichen is its anticancer activity. This research aims to isolate and identify active secondary metabolite compounds from the methanol extract of the Ramalina sp. lichen and to find out the cytotoxic activity of the isolated compound against MCF7 breast cancer cells. Compound 1 (usnic acid) was successfully isolated from fraction A. The isolation and purification process was carried out starting with a maceration process using acetone solvent, followed by silica gel column chromatography using a gradient solvent system consisting of n-hexane, n-hexane:EtOAc, EtOAc, EtOAc:MeOH, and MeOH with 5% increment of polarity to obtain 17 fractions (F-1 to F-17). From the 17 fractions obtained, fraction 3 (F-3) and fraction 4 (F-4) (eluted with n-hexane:EtOAc 30%), which had the same TLC profile, were combined and named as fraction A. Compound 1 (50 mg) is a yellow needle crystal that was formed in a bottle of fraction A, which was obtained after the process of combining fractions F-3 and F-4 and solvent evaporation process. The crystals were then separated and purified with CHCl3 and MeOH. Compound 1 was then characterized based on spectroscopic data. Various spectroscopic analysis data, including FTIR, 1D- and 2D-NMR, and LC-ESI-MS, show that Compound 1 is a dibenzofuran derivative compound with 18 carbons (3 from carbonyl groups (C=O) and 3 from methyl groups) and 2 hydroxyl (-OH). Cytotoxicity assay showed that at a low concentration of 18.75 ug/mL, Compound 1 caused a 67.06% decrease in MCF7 viability
Inventarisasi mycoflora yang berasosiasi dengan biji kopi pada tiga sistem pengolahan dan dua musim panen Nurdin, Muhammad; Evizal, Rusdi; Ginting, Cipta; Liandari, Rizky Fatma
Jurnal Proteksi Agrikultura Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): MAY, JURNAL PROTEKSI AGRIKULTURA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jpa.1227-33

Abstract

This study aims to determine the percentage of the presence of fungi associated with processed coffee beans that freshly harvested and those that have been stored for 6 months and identify the fungi found at least to the genus level. This research was conducted from July to September 2021 at the Agricultural Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. The method used was a survey method. Coffee beans samples were taken in Sedayu Village, Semaka District, Tanggamus Regency. Samples of coffee beans were taken at different season, namely in October 2020 and April 2021. The types of processed coffee that would be identified were natural, honey and lowgrade. The method used in this study was the direct plating method using PSA (Potato Sucrose Agar) media and repeated 5 times by putting 5 coffee beans in each petri dish. The variables in this study were identification of fungi based on their macroscopic and microscopic properties and analysis of  index diversity. The results showed that as many as six fungi were found to be associated with coffee beans, namely, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, Phytophthora sp. and Penicillium sp. The most commonly species was found, Aspergillus niger, which was 64% found in processed coffee from the 2021 harvest year. The result of the analysis show that the fungi diversity index (H’) of low grade coffee beans in the 2020 harvest season and natural processed 2021 classified as moderate diversity (1 ≤ H’ ≤ 3). While, other processed products are classified as low diversity (H < 1).
IDENTIFIKASI JAMUR YANG TERBAWA BIJI EMPAT KLON KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) PADA PENANGANAN ASALAN DAN PENANGANAN TERKENDALI Nurdin, Muhammad; Evizal, Rusdi; Akin, Hasriadi Mat; Safitri, Annisa
JURNAL AGROTROPIKA Vol. 24 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Agrotropika Vol 24 No 1, Mei 2025
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/ja.v24i1.7875

Abstract

Identification is an important activity in the management of plant diseases because by knowing the identity of the fungus found in cocoa beans, a strategy can be determined as a first step before controlling the fungus to prevent the spread of the fungus. This research aims to determine the fungi associated with the MCC 01, MCC 02, Sulawesi 1, and THR clones on uncontrol handling and controlled handling cocoa beans and to determine whether uncontrol handling and controlled handling reduce inoculum sources to suppress fungi growth and development. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung from January 2023 to March 2023. This research was carried out by testing the agar method (agar plate), the media used was potato sucrose agar (PSA). There were four samples of cocoa bean clones, namely MCC 01, MCC 02, Sulawesi 1, and THR from Kuta Dalom Village, Pesawaran Regency, which were grown on 128 plates of PSA media (64 plates using 2% NaOCl and 64 plates without NaOCl) for each clone. Cocoa beans contained 32 cups each uncontrol handling and controlled handling. So there are 128 cups of PSA media. Isolates that have been obtained are then identified 7 days after isolation. Observations in this study were carried out macroscopically and microscopically. Macroscopic observations were carried out to differentiate growing fungi based on the color, shape and size of the colonies. Meanwhile, microscopic observations were made to differentiate growing fungus based on the structure of the fungi body. The results showed that from the uncontrol handling and the controlled handling, three fungi were found, namely Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, and Rhizoctonia sp. The fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger show that controlled handling can reduce the source of inoculum compared to uncontrol handling. In contrast to the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger, the fungi Rhizoctonia sp. shows that controlled handling cannot reduce the source of inoculum. Key words:  Aspergillus, bean, cocoa, Rhizoctonia, handling
Co-Authors Abdul Muhaimin, Abdul Abdul Rachman Aceng Haetami, Aceng Achmad Noerkhaerin Putra Adhika Junara Karunianto Afriliyanti, Rizki Agus M. Hariri Agus Salim, La Ode Ahmad Kamil Ahmad Randy Aisya, Sitti Akhmad Darmawan Alfiannor, Alfiannor Alvianna, Stella Ansharullah ansharullah Arham, Zul Ariani, Novita Arief Budi Nugroho, Arief Arif Efendi A.S. Arwanto, Arwanto Asnawi Asnawi Bambang Setiawan Bijang, Catherina M. Cipta Ginting, Cipta Devina Hutabarat, Yessica Dewanti, Elsa Mayorita Diana, Ulfa Djohan, M Widda Dodik Jatmika Eka Fitrianto, Eka Elsa Sely Rahmayani Eni Sumarminingsih Ermawati Ermawati Evizal, M.S., Dr. Ir. Rusdi Faishol, Faris Fauziah Fauziah Fembriarti Erry Prasmatiwi Fernandes, Adji Fredita, Silva Yumi Ginting , Cipta Hadi Suntoko Halim, Levin HALIMATUSSADIYAH -, HALIMATUSSADIYAH Handayani, Ridha Hariyanto, Nanang Hasriadi Mat Akin Helina, Selvi Hendri, Afrizal Heri Syaeful Hery Syaeful Husna Fii Karisma Jannah I GEDE SWIBAWA, I GEDE Imam Hamzah Imran Imran Indriani, Annisa Inrianti, Inrianti Irwan Irwan Ivayani, Ivayani Jahri, Muhammad Jamika, Dodik Joko Prasetyo Kadir, La Ode Abd Kasiono, Roy Khaliq, Muh. Idham Khouruh, Umu Khusmayudi, Khusmayudi Kurnia Setiawan Widana Kurniawan Kurniawan Kus Hendarto, Kus Kusuma, Arvi Yuniar La Ode Santiaji Bande Liandari, Rizky Fatma Lita Norfiana M. Natsir Maindi, Andri Jahir Mat Akin, Hasriadi Maulidiyah MAULIDIYAH -, MAULIDIYAH Maulidiyah Maulidiyah Medi Hendra, Medi Megawati Melati Meulisa, Ade Irma Muh. Edihar Muhammad Darwis Meyandie Nasution Muhammad Thoyib Muhammad Yahya Muliyadi Muliyadi Mustapa, Faizal Muzakkar, Muhammad Zakir Muzakki, M Harir Nasriadi, Nasriadi Ngadenin Ngadenin Nohong Nohong, Nohong Nur Aeny, Titik Nur Aini, Yuliani Nur, Hasanah Nurhikmah Nurhikmah Nursaibah Primahana, Gian Priyanto, Imansyah Putri, Syifa Oktaviani Putri, Viola Augustia R, Halimatussaddiyah Rachmadina, Najma Fadya Ratih Titi Komalasari Ratna Ratna Refdinal Nazir Rismiati, Rismiati RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Rusdi Evizal Saddam, Muhamad Safitri, Annisa Saidah, Andi Salim, La Ode Agus Sanjaya, Purba Saragih, Delima Sartapa Sartapa, Sartapa Sembiring, Rinawati Shanty Komalasari, Shanty Slamet Sudarto, Slamet Solimun SRI RAHAYU Sudi Pramono . Sufal Diansyah Sugiatno Sugiatno Suharji Suharji SUKIRNO Sumiyati Tuhuteru Suparman Suparman Suskandini Ratih Dirmawati Sutoyo Sutoyo Taufik Hidayat THAMRIN AZIS Titien Agustina Titik Nur Aeny Tri Maryono Tundo, Tundo Tusiana Dewi Ullah, Muhammad Vidya Selasdini Wahyu Ningsih, Eka Yarianto Sugeng Budi Susilo, Yarianto Sugeng Budi Yusep Purwana Muslih Zakir Muzakkar, Muhammad