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Digital Advertising as a Threat to Consumer Privacy: A Comparative Legal Analysis Nurlaily, Nurlaily; Sudirman, Lu; Bajury, Mimi Sintia Mohd; Disemadi, Hari Sutra; Silviani, Ninne Zahara
QONUN: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-undangan Vol 9 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : FASYA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21093/qj.v9i2.12656

Abstract

The rapid growth of digital advertising as a key component of the digital economy has intensified concerns over the protection of personal data and privacy rights. The primary legal problem addressed in this research is the inability of Indonesia’s current data protection framework to adequately regulate data-driven digital advertising practices and prevent unlawful identification of individuals, particularly when compared to South Korea’s more advanced regulatory regime. This study aims to comparatively analyze the legal frameworks governing personal data and privacy protection in digital advertising in Indonesia and South Korea and to propose a legal development model for Indonesia. This research employs a normative legal research method using a comparative statutory approach, focusing on Indonesia’s Law on Personal Data Protection and South Korea’s Personal Information Protection Act, along with its enforcement regulations. Legal norms are examined through statutory provisions and supported by relevant legal and academic literature. The findings demonstrate substantial regulatory disparities between the two countries. South Korea has established a comprehensive and technologically responsive legal framework, incorporating detailed data classification, recognition of pseudonymized data, strict profiling limitations, and strong institutional enforcement. In contrast, Indonesia’s legal framework remains structurally limited, relies heavily on undelivered implementing regulations, and insufficiently addresses indirect identification and advanced data-processing practices in digital advertising. This study proposes targeted legal reforms for Indonesia, including the integration of pseudonymization, enhanced data classification, criminalization of unlawful identification, and mandatory tracking notifications to strengthen privacy protection in the digital advertising ecosystem.
EU Lessons on Digital Market Dominance for Indonesia and the Philippines Sudirman, Lu; Jaya, Febri; Fatihah, Nur; Tan, David; Silviani, Ninne Zahara
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (March - A
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v4i1.790

Abstract

This study aims to examine the adequacy of antitrust frameworks in Indonesia and the Philippines in addressing digital market dominance, particularly when benchmarked against the European Union’s Digital Markets Act (DMA). This objective is aimed at addressing the literature gap where existing studies have yet to systematically assess how ex-ante regulatory logic, as pioneered in the EU context, can be normatively adapted to the specific deficiencies of Southeast Asian antitrust frameworks. The research employs a normative legal method combined with a comparative approach, analyzing statutory regulations and relevant legal literature, including Indonesia’s Law No. 5 of 1999, the Philippine Competition Act, and the EU DMA. The findings reveal that both countries’ competition laws are inadequate in addressing the complexities of digital markets, particularly in relation to data control, network effects, algorithmic practices, and platform dependency. Indonesia’s framework is significantly outdated, while the Philippines’ law, although more recent, still lacks digital-specific provisions. Aside from normative deficiency identification, the benchmarking against DMA also reveals that the ex-ante approach is more suitable to address today’s digital platform dynamic, which leads this study to contribute a legal development model for both Indonesia and the Philippines, each tailored to their existing normative architecture
Legal Protection For Online Transportation Partners: a Comparison Between Indonesia and Malaysia in The Implementation of Social Protection Systems Ninne Zahara Silviani; Evy Evy; Febri Jaya; Nur Fatihah; Rufinus Hotmaulana Hutahuruk
QONUN: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-undangan Vol 10 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : FASYA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21093/qj.v10i1.12828

Abstract

This study seeks to examine and critically analyze the legal protection afforded to online transportation partners in Indonesia and Malaysia, with particular emphasis on identifying regulatory gaps within the existing social protection frameworks. The primary issue stems from the inadequacy of Law No. 13 of 2003 on Manpower in addressing the legal status of online transportation drivers, as the prevailing working arrangements do not conceptually satisfy the essential elements of an employment relationship as defined under the law. This condition gives rise to legal uncertainty concerning access to social security, occupational safety guarantees, and income protection for online transportation partners. This study adopts a normative juridical approach, employing both statutory and comparative legal analyses. The findings reveal that Malaysia has established a more structured and systematic framework for integrating platform-based workers into formal social protection schemes. In contrast, Indonesia continues to experience a regulatory gap, resulting in heightened vulnerability of workers to occupational risks and restricted access to comprehensive social protection mechanisms. This study concludes that Indonesia might to adapt aspects of Malaysia’s labor policies as a reference, through regulatory harmonization, strengthening the role of the government, and providing sustainable social protection programs.
Co-Authors Abrar, Farhan Rabbani Agustina Agustina Agustini, Shenti Alberta Adeline Marvel Alhakim, Abdurrakhman Amelia Putri Anisah Anisah, Amelia Putri Anweidri Chai Asep Rinaldy Atmaja, Vanessa Riarta Avisa Putri Anggara Babyliany, Vanessa Bajury, Mimi Sintia Mohd Belinda Oktaviani Ceisarina, Indah Tiara CHRISTIANA CHRISTIANA, CHRISTIANA Cindy Tan Daniella Natasha Dedi Jaya Deni Achmad Deni Achmad Disemadi, Hari Sutra Efrintan Debora Sibarani Eko Pratama Sinaga Elvin Valentino Elza Syarief, Elza Erni Erni Evy Evy Fatihah, Nur Febriyani, Emiliya Fennesy Fiorent Lim Ferawati Ferawati Fitri, Winda FL. Yudhi Priyo Amboro, FL. Yudhi Priyo Girsang, Junimart HARTONO, ADI Henry Soelistyo Budi, Henry Soelistyo Hutauruk, Rufinus Hotmaulana Hyun, Park Ji James Gan Jaya, Febri Jesen Winardo Jeslyn Teo Joel Jordan Tobing Jonathan Jonathan Junimart Girsang Kalita, Manashi Kellie Leslie Kevin Saputra Kristina Dwi Putri Lidia Kando Br Gea Lu Sudirman Mahendra, Adam Maya Shafira Maya Shafira Mega Hardianti Kho Melisa Melisa Mellberg Limanda Muhammad Alfiq Zhian Muhammad Ikhsan Kasturi Muhammad Ikhwanul Amri Nanda Melani Nellsen Purwandi Ninin Ernawati Ninin Ernawati Nipon Sohheng Nur Fatihah Nurlaily NURLAILY, NURLAILY Park Ji Hyun Park, Jihyun Prakasa, Satria Unggul Wicaksana Putri, Erika Emilia Rahayu, Putri Ratna Kumala Sari Raymond Raymond Rehulina Tarigan Rina Shahriyani Shahrullah Rudolf Haiti Rufinus Hotmaulana Hutahuruk Rusdiana, Shelvi Sadiah, Azzhara Halimatus Santoso, Inggrid Rosemary Seela Anwar Sya'adah Sholahuddin Al-Fatih Silvia Yolanda Octavia Situmeang, Ampuan Sri Zanariyah Tampubolon, Theresia Tan, David Tan, Winsherly Tantimin, Tantimin Tianto, Agus Triana Dewi Seroja Vanessa Riarta Atmaja Vivi Willson Willson Windi Afdal, Windi Yenny Permata Liegestu Yustisio Mahendra Ziko Riandi Zuraini Zuraini