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Analysis of environmental parameters supporting the abundance of Acanthaster planci in the Wakatobi and Sombori Marine Protected Areas, Sulawesi, Indonesia AFIFAH F. JANSIT; NEVIATY PUTRI ZAMANI; BEGINER SUBHAN; RITA RACHMAWATI; LALANG LALANG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 10 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251029

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Abstract. Jansit AF, Zamani NP, Subhan B, Rachmawati R, Lalang. 2024. Analysis of environmental parameters supporting the abundance of Acanthaster planci in the Wakatobi and Sombori Marine Protected Areas, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3672-3682. Wakatobi Islands and Sombori Islands offshore Sulawesi, Indonesia are two marine conservation areas where Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758) is reported. The study was conducted to determine what parameters support the life of A. planci, including the composition of coral cover and abundance of reef fish, especially the predatory coral fish of A. planci. The relationship between environmental parameters, coral cover conditions, reef fish abundance, and A. planci abundance was analyzed using multivariate analysis, namely Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Sampling was conducted using a purposive sampling method based on information on the presence of A. planci obtained from local community reports and monitoring reports from related agencies, which was designed to be comprehensive. The determination of observation locations was also based on differences in environmental characteristics, such as nutrient inputs from community settlements. The results showed that A. planci was only found in the Sombori Islands as many as 36-117 individuals. The high number in the Sombori Islands was followed by a low cover of live hard corals, a lower abundance of reef fish compared to the observation station in the Wakatobi Islands, and higher pH, salinity, nitrate, and temperature parameters compared to the observation station in the Wakatobi Islands. The high number of A. planci individuals was followed by a high percentage of coral break cover and high rock. Coral fractures and nitrate can help increase the likelihood of successful recruitment of A. planci larvae, thereby supporting the abundance of A. planci in the Sombori Islands.
Genetic of stranded Dugong dugon (Müller 1776) in the Java Sea, Indonesia, through COX1-based DNA barcoding CITRA SATRYA UTAMA DEWI; SLAMET WAHYUDI; HAGUS TARNO; DEWA GEDE RAKA WIADNYA; FENI IRANAWATI; SUKANDAR SUKANDAR; ANIK MARTINAH; LALU M. IQBAL SANI; BEGINER SUBHAN; SEKAR MIRA HERANDARUDEWI; ELOK FAIQOH; GATOT CIPTADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260244

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Abstract. Dewi CSU, Wahyudi S, Tarno H, Wiadnya DGR, Iranawati F, Sukandar, Martinah A, Sani LMI, Subhan B, Herandarudewi SM, Faiqoh E, Ciptadi G. 2025. Genetic of stranded Dugong dugon (Müller 1776) in the Java Sea, Indonesia, through COX1-based DNA barcoding. Biodiversitas 26: 951-962. The dugong (Dugong dugon (Müller 1776)), an endangered herbivorous marine mammal, is listed as the Red List of the IUCN and CITES Appendix I. Considering its protected categorizing, its population is persistently decreasing globally, particularly in Indonesia, accordingly requiring significant conservation measures. This study aimed to assess the conservation status of the species, analyze the morphology, morphometry, and genetic profile of stranded dugongs, and evaluate surrounding seagrass meadows. Fieldwork undertaken in February, March, and September 2023 concentrated on stranded dugongs, gathering morphological, morphometric, and genetic data, in addition to surveying seagrass habitats using satellite photography. Morphological observations encompassed 14 criteria, whilst tissue samples from pectoral fins were utilized for genetic profiling by phylogenetic analysis. Geographic coordinates identified stranded dugongs, whereas seagrass regions were assessed with Sentinel-2 data and QGIS. The results indicated that genetic investigation verified the species' strong affinity with populations in the Java Sea and New Zealand, with more divergence from dugongs in Kerala, India. The seagrass beds adjacent to the dugongs' habitat ranged from 0.21 to 16.68 hectares within a larger network of 55.38 to 85.35 hectares, underscoring their potential as a protection zone. These findings underscore the essential link between dugong conservation and seagrass ecosystem conservation, making it clear that both aspects are interconnected and necessitate combined protection methods.
Reef fish resilience following a significant earthquake disaster in the Nias Islands, Indonesia RISANDI DWIRAMA PUTRA; RIKOH MANOGAR SIRINGORINGO; MUHAMMAD ABRAR; NI WAYAN PURANAMASARI; DIETRIECH GEOFFREY BENGEN; NEVIATY PUTRI ZAMANI; BEGINER SUBHAN; LUDI PARWADANI AJI; GIYANTO GIYANTO; INDRA PUTRA ALMANAR; EFRIN ANTONIA DOLLU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260433

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Abstract. Putra RD, Siringoringo RM, Abrar M, Puranamasari NW, Bengen DG, Zamani NP, Subhan B, Aji LP, Giyanto, Almanar IP, Dollu EA. 2025. Reef fish resilience following a significant earthquake disaster in the Nias Islands, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 1836-1845. The geological upheaval of the Nias Islands, Indonesia, due to a major earthquake in 2005, resulted in lithospheric shifts, causing a sea floor uplift of approximately 1-2 meters. This uplift led to localized coral mortality, posing a threat to certain reefs and consequently impacting the composition of coral reef fishes. This study aims to explore the enduring changes in coral reef fish composition before and after the earthquake. Underwater Visual Census (UVC) transect surveys were conducted using standard SCUBA diving equipment to quantify fish abundance and biomass in benthic substrate transect locations. The reef fish assemblages categorized into corallivores (Chaetodontidae), herbivores (Acanthuridae, Scaridae, and Siganidae), and carnivores (Haemulidae, Lethrinidae, Lutjanidae, and Serranidae), were studied from eight fish families, with species identification conducted at the individual level. Analysis of corallivorous fish abundance during the pre-earthquake period (2004), earthquake event (2005), and post-earthquake recovery (2007-2010) revealed no significant differences (Kruskal-Wallis, p: 0.58). Corallivore abundance was lower in the pre-earthquake conditions, increased during the earthquake (Pairwise Wilcoxon test, p-value: 0.74), decreased in 2007 (Pairwise Wilcoxon test, p-value: 0.071) after the disturbance, but rebounded in 2008 (Pairwise Wilcoxon test, p-value: 0.23). Post the seismic event in 2005, ecological indices reflecting Shannon diversity (H’) and Uniformity Index Evenness (J) among reef fish, especially the corallivore group, consistently displayed a noticeable decline. However, recovery progress levels were exclusively regained by 2010.
Contrasting bleaching severity between marine protected and coral restoration areas on Pramuka Island, Indonesia ZULFANDRA BACHRUL KALAM; ALFAIZ ARSELAN; DENNY KHAERUDI; DONDY ARAFAT; NEVIATY P. ZAMANI; NYOMAN METTA N. NATIH; RADIXA RADYA RAMADHAN HARYANTO; INNA PUSPA; SYAMSUL BAHRI AGUS; BEGINER SUBHAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 5 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270531

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Abstract. Kalam ZB, Arselan A, Khaerudi D, Arafat D, Zamani NP, Natih NMN, Haryanto RRR, Puspa I, Agus SB, Subhan B. 2026. Contrasting bleaching severity between marine protected and coral restoration areas on Pramuka Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 27 (5): d270531. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270531. The 2023-2024 global coral bleaching event provided an urgent context for assessing reef responses under contrasting management regimes. This study compared bleaching prevalence, hard coral cover, genus composition, and life-history strategy distributions between a Marine Protected Area (MPA) and an active coral restoration site (RPTRA Smiling Coral) on Pramuka Island, Thousand Islands, Indonesia. Surveys were conducted in January 2024 using a rapid photo-quadrat method across three depth strata (5, 10, and 15 m) at both sites. The MPA exhibited severely degraded coral cover (below 25% at all depths) and extremely high bleaching prevalence (83.75-91.81%), with near-total bleaching in dominant genera including Pachyseris spp. and Pleuractis spp. In contrast, the RPTRA restoration site showed bleaching rates below 33% across all depths, with Porites spp. displaying more stable responses. Despite uniform water temperatures of 30°C across all depths, bleaching was most severe at 5 m, suggesting that light intensity amplifies thermal stress in shallow habitats. Critically, all four life-history strategies were represented among bleached genera, indicating that even stress-tolerant corals are approaching their thermal tolerance limits. These findings indicate that sites under active restoration were associated with substantially lower bleaching prevalence and better ecological condition than the passively protected MPA, consistent with the hypothesis that active restoration enhances post-bleaching recovery capacity. This association has implications for the long-term biodiversity resilience of coral communities under escalating climate stress, though the observational design precludes direct causal attribution.
Spatial variation in coral reef condition and reef fish assemblages along a proximity to Jakarta Bay, Indonesia RIKOH MANOGAR SIRINGORINGO; DIETRIECH GEOFFREY BENGEN; I WAYAN NURJAYA; BEGINER SUBHAN; GIYANTO GIYANTO; RISANDI DWIRAMA PUTRA; MUHAMMAD ABRAR; NI WAYAN PURNAMA SARI; LUDI PARWADANI AJI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 11 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d261147

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Abstract. Siringoringo RM, Bengen DG, Nurjaya IW, Subhan B, Giyanto, Putra RD, Abrar M, Sari NWP, Aji LP. 2025. Spatial variation in coral reef condition and reef fish assemblages along a proximity to Jakarta Bay, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 5919-5930. The coral reef ecosystems of the Seribu Islands, Indonesia, exhibit complex ecological interactions between benthic assemblages and reef fish communities under the combined influence of local anthropogenic pressures and regional environmental stressors. This study examined benthic composition and reef fish functional structure across 14 sites along a spatial gradient from Jakarta Bay, Seribu Islands, to the outer islands. Benthic cover was assessed using the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method, and reef fish assemblages were quantified through Underwater Visual Census (UVC). Analyses revealed that distance from Jakarta Bay had a weak and inconsistent influence on benthic composition, with a low explanatory power for variations in hard coral cover (R²: 0.023, p: 0.6). In contrast, corallivorous fish abundance increased significantly with distance from the bay (R²: 0.30, p: 0.043), indicating a more pronounced spatial response among higher trophic groups. Cluster analyses identified three distinct ecological assemblages aligned with the nearshore-offshore gradient, reflecting subtle yet detectable shifts in community structure. These findings suggest that while benthic recovery remains constrained by persistent sedimentation and nutrient enrichment, reef fish assemblages particularly corallivores retain spatial sensitivity to urban influence. The emerging ecological differentiation across the archipelago underscores that the Seribu Islands function as a transitional system shaped by both urban proximity and broader ecological processes. Effective management should therefore integrate local mitigation of land-based stressors with broader seascape-scale strategies to enhance reef resilience in urban-influenced marine ecosystems.
Reef Fish Biodiversity and Behavior in The Seribu Islands of Jakarta, Indonesia Arta Silaban; Neviaty Putri Zamani; Nyoman Metta N Natih; Dondy Arafat; Inna Puspa Ayu; Beginer Subhan
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Vol 18 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis
Publisher : Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jitkt.18.2.71330

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Coral reef ecosystems are centers of biodiversity with high productivity in tropical waters; however, information on reef fish communities and their behavioral interactions with coral colonies in the Seribu Islands remains limited. This study aimed to identify reef fish species, coral genera utilized by reef fishes, and variations in reef fish behavior associated with coral colony structures. An Underwater Video Survey (UVS) was conducted using systematic underwater video recordings at Panjang, Pelangi, Belanda, and Kelapa Islands, Jakarta, Indonesia. The Videos were analysed to identify reef fish species, coral genera, and behavioural patterns associated with coral colonies. A total of 215 reef fish species belonging to 82 genera and 29 families were identified across the study sites. Kelapa Island exhibited the highest species richness (120 species), followed by Belanda Island (119 species) and Panjang Island (107 species), while Pelangi Island showed the lowest richness (83 species). Sixteen coral genera were recorded, with Acropora and Porites being the most dominant and occurring at all study sites. In contrast, Cyhastrea, Echinophyllia, Echinopora, Monstastraea, Platygra, and Pocillopora were restricted to a single location. Acropora and Porites also supported the highest numbers of associated reef fish species. A total of 13 behavioural categories were observed. Feeding, roaming, and hovering were the dominant behaviours across all study sites, whereas cleaning, resting, ambush, and aggressive behaviours were less frequent. Variations in behavioural patterns among islands suggest that complexity influences both reef fish diversity and behavioural expression. These findings highlight the importance of structurally complex coral habitats in supporting reef fish diversity and ecological functions in the Seribu Islands.
Co-Authors Abdul Ajiz Siolimbona Abdul Ajiz Siolimbona Abdul Motalib Angkotasan ABDURRACHMAN BAKSIR Abdurrachman Baksir Abdurrachman Baksir Abdurrachman Baksir Abdurrachman Baksir, Abdurrachman Abjan Ibrahim, Abjan ACHIS M. SIREGAR Adewal, Murad Alvian K ADITYA BRAHMANDITO ADITYA BRAMANDITO Aditya Bramandito ADITYA BRAMANDITO ADRIANI ADRIANI Adriani Sunuddin Adriani Sunuddin AFIFAH F. JANSIT Afiff , Usamah Agus Ramli Ahmad Eko Suprianto AHMAD TAUFIK GHOZALI Ahmad Taufik Ghozali Ahmad Taufik Ghozali Aisyah, Siti Zanuba AJI WAHYU ANGGORO Aji Wahyu Anggoro Alan Frendy Koropitan ALFAIZ ARSELAN Alfaiz Arselan Ali Mashar Aliati Iswantari Alimuddin Alla Asmara Am Azbas Taurusman AM AZBAS TAURUSMAN Andhika Prima Prasetyo ANDIKA NOVRIANSYAH ANDRIANUS SEMBIRING Andrianus Sembiring ANDRIANUS SEMBIRING Anggi Mayulina Daulay Anggraini, Nurlita ANIK MARTINAH Anwar, Muhammad Fathur Aradea Bujana Kusuma Aradea Bujana Kusuma Ardan Samman Arief Pratomo Arif Miftahul Aziz, Arif Miftahul ARINI S. P. PUTRI Ario Damar Arta Silaban Asadatun Abdullah Asep Sandra Budiman Ayu Ervinia Ayu, Inna Puspa Aziz, Nasrul Azizah Lutfia Ningtyas Bashari, Muhammad Hasan Benyamin, Azhari Bertoka Fajar S.P. Negara Borbee, Erin Budi Prabowo BUDIONO SENEN Carolline Desrainy Nababan Christopher E. Lane Citra S. U. Dewi Citra Satrya CITRA SATRYA UTAMA DEWI Citra Satrya Utama Dewi Dea Fauzia Lestari, Dea Fauzia Dedi Soedharma Dedi Soedharma DENNY KHAERUDI Denny Khaerudi DENNY KHAIRUDI DERTA PRABUNING DEWA GEDE RAKA WIADNYA Dewi, Citra Satrya Utama Diah Ayuningrum, Diah Dian Pertiwi Dietrich Geoffrey Bengen Dietrich Geoffrey Bengen Dietriech G Bengen DIETRIECH G. BENGEN DIETRIECH GEOFFREY BENGEN DIETRIECH GEOFFREY BENGEN Dietriech Geoffrey Bengen Dietriech Geoffrey Bengen DONDY ARAFAT DONDY ARAFAT Dondy Arafat Dondy Arafat Dondy Arafat DONDY ARAFAT DOUGLAS FENNER DWI LISTYO RAHAYU Dwi Yuni Wulandari E Paembonan, Rustam EDWIN JEFRI Efahmi, Efahmi EFRIN ANTONIA DOLLU EKA MAYA KURNIASIH Eko S Wibowo Eko S Wibowo Elfahmi Elfahmi, Elfahmi ELOK FAIQOH Elok Faiqoh ENDANG S. SRIMARIANA Endang Sunarwati Srimariana Enny Rimita Sembiring ENY SUPARYANI Erin Borbee Ester Restiana Endang Gelis Fadel Muhammad Fadhilah Rahmwawati FADHILLAH RAHMAWATI Fadillah Rahmawati Fahlevi, Arief Reza Fajar Maulana Fauzan Dzulfannazhir Fauzan Dzulfannazhir Febriantika, Putri Fenetiruma, Syamsudin FENI IRANAWATI Firdaut Ismail Firdaut Ismail Firdaut Ismail Firdaut Ismail Firdaut Ismail FIRDAUT ISMAIL GATOT CIPTADI Gelis, Ester R. E. Genadi Algadri GESTEN HAZERI GIYANTO GIYANTO GIYANTO GIYANTO Hagus Tarno Haqqy Rerian Erlangga Hardianti, Aprilia Hari, Restu Fajar HAWIS MADDUPPA Hawis MADDUPPA HAWIS H MADDUPPA Hawis H Madduppa HAWIS H MADDUPPA HAWIS H. MADDUPPA HAWIS H. MADDUPPA HAWIS H. MADDUPPA Hawis Madduppa Hawis Madduppa HAWIS MADDUPPA Hawis Madduppa HEDI INDRA JANUAR HERDIAN WICAKSONO Herettrenggi, Rosa Hermansyah Amir, Hermansyah Husna, Alief K I WAYAN NURJAYA I Wayan Nurjaya Idham A. Nasrullah Ikbal Marus Ikbal Marus Ikbal Marus, Ikbal Ilham, Yuwanda INDRA PUTRA ALMANAR INNA PUSPA Irianda, Nadya Jeny Irmalita Tahir Irmalita Tahir Irmalita Tahir, Irmalita Irnin Agustina Dwi Astuti Islami, Nurfara Ismail, Firdaut Iswandi Wahab Iswandi Wahab Jansit, Afifah F. Jeddah Isnul Jelita Rahma Hidayati Jhoni Wahyu Adi Joko Santoso Junaedy, Ahmad Kahar, Fauzi Abdul Karizma Fahlevy Kesha Mufthi Java Tanaya Khairudi, Denny Kintani, Novia Indah KUNCORO, IWAN - KUSTIARIYAH TARMAN Kusumarani, Dheni L.M. IQBAL MUKSIN LALANG LALANG Lalu M Iqbal Sani LALU M. IQBAL SANI Lalu M. Iqbal Sani Lalu M. Iqbal Sani Lane, Christopher LUDI PARWADANI AJI LUDI PARWADANI AJI Luzmi Malia Izza M. Janib Achmad Maestro Munru Mai Efdi Majariana Krisanti Malaihollo, Jantje Jacobus Manafi, Efi Noferya MAREIKE HUHN Mas Irfanto Masyerli, Scify Bilqis Nawafi Meutia Samira Ismet Meutia Samira Ismet Minsaris, La Ode Alam Miswandi, Muhammad Mochamad Untung Kurnia Agung Mohamad Gazali Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal Muhamad Gilang Arindra Putra Muhamad Gilang Arindra Putra Muhamad Iqbal MUHAMMAD ABRAR MUHAMMAD ABRAR Muhammad Iqbal Muhammad Irfan Muhammad Izzat Nugraha Muhammad Janib Achmad Muhammad Taufik Muhammad Yusuf Muhandis Shidqi Munru, Maestro MUTIARA KRISTINA MARGARETHA Muttaqin, Ahmad Sabilul Mu’min Mu’min N Natih, Nyoman Metta N, Furqan Nadya Cakasana Nadya Jeny Irianda Najamuddin Najamuddin Najamuddin Najamuddin, Najamuddin Nasrul Aziz Nebuchad Nezzar Akbar Nebuchadnezzar Akbar Nebuchadnezzar Akbar Neviaty P. Zamani NEVIATY P. ZAMANI NEVIATY P. ZAMANI NEVIATY PUTRI ZAMANI NEVIATY PUTRI ZAMANI NEVIATY PUTRI ZAMANI Neviaty Putri Zamani NEVIATY PUTRI ZAMANI Neviaty Putri Zamani NI KADEK DITA CAHYANI Ni Kadek Dita Cahyani, Ni Kadek Dita NI WAYAN PURANAMASARI NI WAYAN PURNAMA SARI Niken TM Pratiwi Nor Jannah, Nor Novriyandi Hanif Nur Ari Bayu Nurlisa Alias Butet Nurlita Anggraini NURLITA P ANGGRAINI Nurlita Putri Anggraini Nurlita Putri Anggraini NURLITA PUTRI ANGGRAINI Nurlita Putri Anggraini NURLITA PUTRI ANGGRAINI Nurlita Putri Anggraini Nyoman M N Natih Nyoman Metta N Natih Nyoman Metta N Natih NYOMAN METTA N. NATIH P. JOANA DIAS Paembonan, Rustam E Prakas Santoso Prakas Santoso Prakas Santoso Prakas Santoso Prehadi . Prehadi Prehadi PREHADI PREHADI Prehadi, Prehadi Purwanto, Budi Rachma ati, Rita Radixa Radhya Ramadhan Haryanto RADIXA RADYA RAMADHAN HARYANTO Rahamadya, Aldiano Rahimah, Insaniah RAHMAD RAHMAD Rahman Rahman Rahmat Hidayat Rahmat, Fadhlan Basiluddin Raismin Kotta Raissha Amanda Siregar Ramadian Bachtiar Ramili, Yunita Rani Utari Ayuningtyas Rasidi Rasidi Raunsai, Jhoni Elias Raweyai, Oktofianus Obaja Restu, Yunan Gilang Ridha Fathihatunnisa RIDHO Z. WICAKSONO RIKOH MANOGAR SIRINGORINGO RIKOH MANOGAR SIRINGORINGO Risandi Dwirama Putra RISKI FADILLAH RITA RACHMAWATI Rita Andini RITA ANDINI Rita Andini Riyadi Subur Riyadi Subur, Riyadi Rommy M. Abdullah Rotinsulu, Dordia Anindita Rustam E Paembonan Rustam E Paembonan Rustam E Paembonan Rustam E Paembonan Rustam E Paembonan Rustam Effendi Paembonan Rustam Effendi Paembonan, Rustam Effendi Ryan Adhitia Muslim Safika S, Safika Salim Abubakar Samira Ismet, Meutia Samsuardi Samsuardi, Samsuardi Sani, L. Mukhsin Iqbal Sani, Lalu M Iqbal Sani, Lalu M. Iqbal Sani, Lalu Mukhsin Iqbal Santoso Budi Widiarto Satya Pratama Atmaja Sebastian C. A. Ferse Sebastian Ferse SEKAR MIRA HERANDARUDEWI Setiamarga, Davin H. E. Siolimbona, Abdul Ajiz SITI KHODIJAH Siti Maysaroh Siti Maysaroh SLAMET WAHYUDI Sombo, Hendrik Sukandar Sukandar SUKANDAR SUKANDAR Sukandar, Mr. SUKMARAHARJA A. TARIGAN Syafrizayanti, Syafrizayanti Syahid SYAMSUL BAHRI AGUS Syamsul Bahri Agus, Syamsul Bahri TRI PRARTONO TRI PRARTONO Tumpak Sidabutar Ulandari, Rafika Wahab, Iswandi Wedi Andika Wibowo, Eko S Wibowo, Eko Setyobudi Wiwid Andriyani Lestariningsih Yahya, Rodhiyah Yennafri, Yennafri Yidoatimojo, Sudibyo Yoga Budi Bhakti yoman Metta N Natih Yosie Andriani Yudha, Firsta Kusuma Yuliana Fitri Syamsuni Yusli Wardiatno Zamani, Nevyati P. Zedta, Raymon Rahmanov ZULFANDRA BACHRUL KALAM Zulham Apandy Harahap Zulhan Arifin Harahap