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Properties of Brass under Different Pouring Temperatures in Sand Casting Process Poppy Puspitasari; Avita Ayu Permanasari; Andoko Andoko; Bayu Angga Pratama
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 1, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2283.236 KB) | DOI: 10.17977/um016v1i22017p095

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the toughness of casts produced by the sand casting process at various temperatures against brass, and to investigate the structure contained in the cast madeusing abrass metal mould. This study was experimental research that observed the results of a treatment applied to a specimen group. This pre-experimental study usedthe one-shot case study model in which a group of samples was given treatment. The results showed that the specimen poured at 900°C exhibiteda microstructure consisting ofgood Cu-Zn content, while that at 700°Chad the least Cu content. It indicates that the higher the temperature used for metal casting (brass), the more brittle the cast. The toughness of the materialwas influenced by the alloy composition and the pouring temperature of each specimen; the higher the pouring temperature, the better the treatment of alloy. The photomicrographs indicate that the higher the pouring temperature usedin the metal casting (brass), the lesser the carbon element contained in the material.
The Strength of Moulding Sand Consisting of a Mixture of Bentonite, Tapioca Flour, and Sago Flour as a New Binder Formula to Improve the Quality of Al-Si Cast Alloy Andoko Andoko; Riana Nurmalasari; M. Alfian Mizar; Retno Wulandari; Poppy Puspitasari; Avita Ayu Permanasari
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 1, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (109.133 KB) | DOI: 10.17977/um016v1i12017p032

Abstract

The major factors determining the quality of sand casting products are the base sand and the composition of the sand mould and the binding material. In the foundry industry, the most commonly used binder for creating sand moulds is bentonite. However, the price of bentonite is likely to keep rising. This study aimed at discovering a new binder formula associated with the effect of binder composition i.e. bentonite, tapioca flour, and sago flour on the basis of its mechanical and physical properties. The new formula was expected to be a better binder in the production of sand moulds, resulting in high-quality casting products with minimal defects. Moreover, it is probable to be much more economical than bentonite. This research focused on testing the moulding sand composition with a number of different binders, i.e. bentonite, tapioca flour, and sago flour, each in a different proportion. The mixture of the moulding sand with each of the three binders will be tested in terms of its mechanical properties including compressive, shear, and tensile strength. Based on the test results, sago flour has the highest dry compressive strength of 28.6 N/cm2, whereas bentonite has the highest wet compressive strength, i.e. 11.83 N/cm2 and the highest wet shear strength i.e. 3.16 N/cm2. The binder with the highest dry shear strength is tapioca flour with 18.16 N/cm2. Regarding the tensile strength value, bentonite has the highest wet tensile strength of 0.85 N/cm2, while sago flour has the highest dry tensile strength of 1.73 N/cm2.
Analysis of Strength of Glass Fibre Composite Leaf Spring Using Finite Element Method Andoko Andoko; Poppy Puspitasari; Avita Ayu Permanasari
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 1, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2635.282 KB) | DOI: 10.17977/um016v1i12017p001

Abstract

Leaf spring, as one of the main components of the suspension system, serves the function of absorbing road shocks and any wheel vibrations, preventing them from being transmitted directly to the vehicle body. Moreover, it can increase the tire traction as well as support the weight of the vehicle and various kinds of external forces. Various studies on the use of composite materials for leaf springs have shown that the strength of composite leaf spring is similar to steel leaf spring with the same load carrying capacity. However, the composite leaf spring has the added advantage of being more lightweight. In fact, composite materials have been preferable for many purposes not only because of its properties but also its lightweight structure and cost effectiveness. The analysis process was carried out using the finite element method by means of ANSYS software to display the output of the analysis being performed. After the output is known, the amount of voltage in conventional, mounted, and progressive spring can be determined. Based on the data analysis, we concluded that conventional straight leaf springs produced a maximum voltage of 653.13 MPa and maximum deflection of 4367.1 mm. The results of the analysis using the finite element method showed that conventional leaf springs (both straight and not) are considered as the most effective model of leaf spring in terms of the power generated.
Elastic Linear Analysis of Connecting Rods for Single Cylinder Four Stroke Petrol Engines Using Finite Element Method Didin Zakariya Lubis; Andoko Andoko
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 3, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1347.113 KB) | DOI: 10.17977/um016v3i12019p042

Abstract

A connecting rod is one of the most critical parts in engine assembly which transfers energy from the piston to the crankshaft. The connecting rod mainly undergoes tensile and compressive loading under engine cyclic process. The forces acting on the connecting rod are forces due to maximum combustion pressure and forces due to the inertia of the connecting rod. This research aimed to analyze the design of the connecting rod of single-cylinder four-stroke engines. This study used CAD software for modeling and structural design. Stresses generated across all the locations of the connecting rod were evaluated using FEA Software. Elastic linear analysis of model design was also performed. The simulation results in this study have led to the conclusion that failure occurred due to the incorrect selection of materials. Among all materials under study, AA 6061 is considered the most suitable material for use at high RPM. In fact, aluminum is preferable for use at high RPM.
Camshaft Failure Simulation with Static Structural Approach Riduwan Prasetya; Andoko Andoko; Suprayitno Suprayitno
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 5, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v5i12021p047

Abstract

A failure happens within the camshaft of the minibus when the vehicle is in utilize. The camshaft was a fracture within the bearing between the primary cylinder exhaust valve and the second cylinder suction. This simulation aims to find the causes of camshaft failure utilizing the finite element method with a static structural approach, including simulations of deformation, strain, stress, fatigue life (stress-life and strain-life), and cracks. The method used in this paper is the finite element method with a static structural approach by ANSYS software. The camshaft material is a gray cast iron designed using Solidworks. Pre-processing includes meshing with a size of 3 mm. The value of loading force (1348.28 N) and torque (113400 Nmm) are fixed, and the boundary conditions are varied. Processing includes the process of computation and post-processing into a part that displays the results. The simulation results show that for all the deformation and strain values that are in the elasticity area of the material, the maximum and minimum stress which is below the strength of the material, the location of the maximum values of deformation, strain, and stress is not at the fault location. The simulation of fatigue life both in stress-life and strain-life results in infinite cycles, which is above 106 cycles, while the simulation of cracks results in a decrease in the cycle. Based on the simulation results with the above parameters to the camshaft, it was found that a failure was caused by a defect characterized by reduced fatigue life at the same loading conditions.
DESAIN SAMBUNGAN YANG TERINSPIRASI DARI KULIT ARMADILLO UNTUK MENINGKATKAN DEFORMASI Abdiyar, Muhammad Albin; Cahyono, Yanuar Reza Trie; Ramadhan, Rafli Adi; Perdana, Muhamad Rayhan Rizky; Prasetya, Riduwan; Andoko, Andoko
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 13, No 1 (2024): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v13i1.3100

Abstract

Bio-inspired merupakan prinsip-prinsip desain alam dalam membangun model rekayasa untuk memecahkan tantangan pada bidang teknik, khususnya sambungan. Sambungan merupakan beberapa elemen atau struktur yang digabungkan dengan metode khusus. Salah satu jenis sambungan yaitu compliant joint, sambungan ini merupakan jenis sambungan yang memerlukan tingkat deformasi yang tinggi sesuai dengan penggunaanya. Nilai deformasi pada sambungan compliant joint dapat ditingkatkan dengan menerapkan konsep bio-inspired. Bio-inspired yang dipilih adalah pola celah kosong pada kulit armadillo, pola celah kulit armadillo diterapkan pada sambungan (compliant joint) dipermukaan yang melengkung bertujuan meningkatkan jangkauan perpindahan (deformasi). Metode pengambilan data dilakukan dengan memvariasikan dimensi pola yang terinspirasi kulit armadillo serta dimensi geometri sambungan untuk mendapatkan nilai deformasi yang tinggi namun tetap berada di batas elastis material. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan software ANSYS 2023 R2 untuk mengetahui pengaruh lebar pola, panjang pola, serta ketebalan sambungan terhadap nilai total deformation dan maximum stress. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi desain dengan hasil total deformation paling tinggi adalah desain 12 pada variasi tebal 2 mm, lebar 0,65 mm dan tinggi pola 11,53 mm dengan nilai total deformation sebesar 11,1630 mm dan nilai maximum stress sebesar 13,8380 MPa. Simulasi ini berhasil memperbaiki nilai total deformation pada desain sehingga mendapatkan desain sambungan yang paling optimal.
Analisis asuhan keperawatan pada penderita diabetes mellitus dengan intervensi keperawatan terapi senam kaki di lapas perempuan kelas II-A Bandar Lampung Sari, Mentari Permata; Yulendasari, Rika; Andoko, Andoko
JOURNAL OF Qualitative Health Research & Case Studies Reports Vol 3 No 1 (2023): Penanganan Kecemasan Pasien Menjelang Operasi
Publisher : Published by: Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/quilt.v3i1.352

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a world health problem. Data from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2020 states that the number of diabetes mellitus patients has affected more than 500 million people, this number is expected to increase to 642 million (55%). In Indonesia, DM is the third largest case of death at 6.7% after stroke and CHD. DM control can be done with physical activity (diabetic foot exercise), because the permeability of the membrane to glucose increases when the muscles contract because muscle contractions have insulin-like properties. Objective: To determine nursing care for people with diabetes mellitus with foot exercise therapy nursing interventions at Class II-A Women's Prison Bandar Lampung. Method: The design of this scientific paper uses a descriptive design. The data collection method in this scientific paper uses interviews, observation and the application of foot exercises to patients managed by Mrs M and Mrs H. Results: It was found that diabetic foot exercise can reduce blood glucose levels where Mrs M with current blood sugar pretest was 320 mg/dl and decreased to 120 mg/dl in the posttest. Whereas in Mrs H with current blood sugar pretest 240 mg/dl decreased to 120 mg/dl in the posttest. Conclusion: Diabetic foot exercise can reduce blood glucose levels. Suggestion: It is hoped that the results of this study can increase the knowledge of people with diabetes mellitus about foot exercises in reducing and controlling blood glucose levels. Keywords: Foot Exercise Therapy; Patients with Diabetes Mellitus; Lowering Blood Glucose Levels Pendahuluan: Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan dunia. Data dari World Health Organization (WHO) tahun 2020 menyatakan jumlah pasien diabetes melitus telah menyerang lebih dari 500 juta orang, jumlah ini diperkirakan meningkat menjadi 642 juta (55%). Di Indonesia sendiri DM menjadi kasus kematian terbesar ketiga sebesar 6,7% setelah stroke dan PJK. Pengendalian DM dapat dilakuakan dengan aktivitas fisik (senam kaki DM), karena permeabilitas membran terhadap glukosa meningkat saat otot berkontraksi karena kontraksi otot memiliki sifat seperti insulin. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui asuhan keperawatan pada penderita diabetes mellitus dengan intervensi keperawatan terapi senam kaki di Lapas Perempuan Kelas II-A Bandar Lampung. Metode: Design karya tulis ilmiah ini menggunakan design deskriptif. Metode penggumpulan data pada karya tulis ilmiah ini menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan penerapan senam kaki pada pasien kelolaan Ny M dan NY H. Hasil: Didapatkan pemberian senam kaki diabetes dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa dalam darah dimana pada Ny M GDS pretest 320 mg/dl dan menurun menjadi 120 mg/dl pada posttest. Sedangkan pada Ny H GDS pretest 240 mg/dl menurun menjadi 120 mg/dl pada posttest. Simpulan: Senam kaki diabetes dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Saran: Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat menambah pengetahuan penderita diabetes mellitus tentang senam kaki dalam menurunkan serta mengendalikan kadar glukosa darah.
TERAPI AKTIVITAS KELOMPOK SENAM PROLANIS PADA LANSIA YANG MENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI UPTD PSLU TRESNA WERDA NATAR LAMPUNG SELATAN Keswara, Umi Romayati; Rilyani, Rilyani; Trismiyana, Eka; Wardiyah, Aryanti; Andoko, Andoko; Slivia, Eka; Elliya, Rahma
Jurnal Perak Malahayati: Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol 6, No 1 (2024): Volume 6 Nomor 1 Mei 2024
Publisher : Program Studi Kebidanan Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jpm.v6i1.14752

Abstract

Hipertensi merupakan penyakit yang sering diderita oleh lanjut usia atau lansia. Hal ini terjadi karena lansia mengalami perubahan fisik dan penurunan fungsi  tubuh, hipertensi pada  lansia  apabila tidak ditangani dengan tepat dan dibiarkan begitu saja dapat menimbukan komplikasi. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah. Untuk memberikan terapi yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup yang optimal pada penderita hipertensi. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah Memberikan penyuluhan dan Selanjutnya dilaksanakan kegiatan senam prolanis secara bersama-sama. Hasil terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan lansia sebesar 55%. Kesimpulan Hasil kegiatan penyuluhan didapatkan bahwa 45 responden memiliki riwayat hipertensi. Mayoritas responden di UPTD PSLU Tresna Werdha sangat berantusias dalam mengikuti kegiatan, terutama kegiatan terapi senam prolanis untuk menurunkan tekanan darah tinggi. Namun beberapa responden mengalami kesulitan untuk bergerak dikarenakan keterbatasan responden dalam melakukan aktivitas. Saran bagi lansia yang memiliki riwayat penyakit hipertensi untuk dapat melakukan senam prolanis dengan rutin sehingga dapat menurunkan dan mengontrol tekanan darah.
Hubungan Paparan Alergen Asma Ditempat Kerja Dengan Keluhan Asma Di Poli Paru Instalasi Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Swasta Bandar Lampung Tahun 2023 Selfianti, Selfianti; Andoko, Andoko; Furqoni, Prima Dian
Barongko: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Barongko : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan (November)
Publisher : Asosiasi Guru dan Dosen Seluruh Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59585/bajik.v2i1.162

Abstract

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the respiratory tract that is still a serious health problem in all countries, not only in developing countries but also in developed countries. In one of the private hospitals in Kota Bandar Lampung, suspected asthma patients amounted to 84 patients in June. Known relationship between exposure to asthma allergens at work with asthma complaints at the Pulmonary Poly Outpatient Installation of Bandar Lampung Private Hospital in 2023. This research method is observational analytic with a cross-sectional research design. The location of the study was conducted at Bandar Lampung Private Hospital.The sample in this study was asthma patients with working status aged 15-65 years. Sampling is done by consecutive sampling technique. This research instrument used the ACT and SFAR questionnaires by filling out questionnaires, and data analysis using Chi Square. Based on the frequency distribution of respondents with exposure to allergens amounted to 72.6%, and respondentsn with uncontrolled asthma amounted to 76.2. Based on bivariate analysis showed that exposure to allergens with asthma complaints (p-value 0.245). Conclusion:There is no relationship between exposure to allergens at work and asthma complaints (p-value 0.245) at the Outpatient Installation Poly of Bandar Lampung Private Hospital in 2023. It is hoped that the next researcher will study more deeply about the sample with inclusion criteria not only working but housewives must also be examined because of the number of housewives who suffer asthma is quite a lot in the hospital.
Coil Spring Failure Analysis Reviewed from Residual Stress, Crytal Orientation, and Texture Andoko, Andoko; Ananto, Rifqi Ryandi Dwi; Suryanto, Heru; Gapsari, Femiana; Manawan, Maykel
Automotive Experiences Vol 6 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.9803

Abstract

Crystal defects can be identified through the crystallographic characteristics of crystal orientation (lattice), microstrain, and texture. Identification of crystal defects on the atomic scale through crystallography is very important in analyzing the mechanism of material properties due to the influence of dislocations. The slip mechanism is analyzed to minimize coil spring failure. This study aims to analyze the causes of coil spring failure based on crystallography. XRD testing was carried out for analysis of residual stress, crystal orientation, and texture using MAUD 2.94 version software. Hardness testing was carried out on the surface of the coil spring with locations near and far from the fracture using micro Vickers. The macro fracture morphology was analyzed using a DSLR camera and the micro fracture morphology was analyzed using SEM. The XRD result shows that the coil spring material has a tensile residual stress value of "202.4 ± 15.9 MPa" with the resulting crystal orientation showing the hkl (100), (200), (211), (200) fields. The plane (200) has a texture characteristic that is oriented towards the Rolling direction along the spring axis. Texture oriented towards Rolling Direction can be shown with a maximum probability value of 1.191. A high probability will have an impact on the presence of material surface defects. Surface defects are indicated by the presence of pit corrosion on micro and macro fracture morphology observations. The pit corrosion defects that occur in the failed coil springs are the beginning of the formation of crack initiation and cause stress concentration. The stress concentration will increase with loading and cause crack propagation.
Co-Authors A.N. Afandi Abdiyar, Muhammad Albin Afrianto, Raka Agung Prabowo Akbar, Muhamad Rizky Amin Hou Aminnudin, Aminnudin Ananto, Rifqi Ryandi Dwi Andi Muadz Palerangi Andreas Syah Pahlevi Ari Ambrianti Arifin Arifin Aripriharta - Aryanti Aryanti Aryanti Wardiyah, Aryanti Avita Ayu Permanasari Azhali Siregar Azzahra, Putri Salsabila Bayu Angga Pratama Cahyono, Yanuar Reza Trie Caristia, Angga Darmawan, Muhammad Wahid Deby S O Pasaribu Dhitya, Ray Krisna Didin Zakaria Lubis Didin Zakariya Lubis Djamaludin, Djunizar Elliya, Rahma Epilasari, Epilasari Erpiyana, Refsi ERWAN, FRAGESTHA Faisar Ananda Arfa, Faisar Ananda Faishol, Faishol Femiana Gapsari MF Furqoni, Prima Dian Hadi, Riswan Haryanti, Mega Henry Aspan Hermanto, Yon Ade Lose Hermawan, Dessy Heru Suryanto Hesti Wulandari Horng, Gwo Jiun Husada, Imam Farid Farian Imam Muda Nauri Indaman, Putri Irham Fadlika Janas, Dawid Jemmy Rumengan Juana, Rika K, Umi Rohmayati Keswara, Umi Romayati Khoirudin, Parid Khoyroh, Syafira Bilqis Kurniasih, Dennti Kurniawan, Franky Kusubakti Andajani M. Alfian Mizar M. Arif Sani M. Arifki Zainaro Manawan, Maykel Mardiani, Wiwin Mardji Mardji Martok, Yenni MHD AZHALI Siregar Mishima, Kenji Muliadin , Muliadin Muntholib Nandang Mufti Novikasari, Linawati Pangesti, Dimas Ning Pasha, Muhammad Faizullah Perdana, Muhamad Rayhan Rizky Pradana, Yanuar Rohmat Aji Prasetya, Riduwan Prihanto Trihutomo Pritasari, Laili Putri, Evalistiyo Rachmawati, Yessy Rahman, Chandra Hairat Abdul Rahmawati, Reka Putri Ramadhan, Rafli Adi Retno Wulandari Retno Wulandari Riana Nurmalasari Riduwan Prasetya Rilyani, Rilyani Rina Rifqie Mariana Riska Wandini, Riska Riski, Akhmad Afrizal Riyanto, Mochammad Deny Rizka, Mahda Rokan, Mustafa Kamal Rr. Poppy Puspitasari Saputro, Suratno Adi Sari, Devi Ratna Sari, Lisa Yuliana Sari, Made Novita Sari, Mentari Permata Satria, Frinan SATRIA, FRIYAN Selfianti, Selfianti Setiawati Setiawati Shiddieqy, M. Hasbi Ash Silvia, Eka Sinuhaji, Frans G Siti Aisyah Slivia, Eka Sormin, Partogian Suprayitno Suprayitno Suprayitno Suprayitno Surani, Eka Sri Syah, Muhammad Zacky Tengku Riza Zarzani N Trismiana, Eka Trismiyana, Eka Triyoso, Triyoso Tuwoso Ulandari, Elpi Wahid Tri Wahyudi WAHYU HIDAYAT, NUR Winson, Lelita wulan, Sarinah sri Yenni Yenni Yulendasari, Rika Yunazar Manjang Yusran Gea, Ali