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Lentigo Senilis (Solar Lentigo): Tinjauan Naratif tentang Epidemiologi, Patogenesis, Gambaran Klinis, Diagnosis, dan Penatalaksanaan Erika Agustianti; Luluk Hermawati; Nur Bebi Ulfah Irawati; Ratu Nadia; Firda Asma’ul Husna; Hilizza Awalina Zulfa
Tirtayasa Medical Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/tmj.v5i2.39252

Abstract

Lentigo senilis, also known as solar lentigo, is a common benign hyperpigmented lesion that is closely associated with chronic ultraviolet (UV) exposure and the skin aging process. Although non-malignant, lentigo senilis represents an important manifestation of photoaging and often causes cosmetic concerns, particularly among older individuals. This review aims to summarize current evidence regarding the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, diagnostic approaches, and management of lentigo senilis using a thematic narrative review approach. A comprehensive literature search of major electronic databases identified relevant studies published between 2015 and 2025. The findings indicate that the prevalence of lentigo senilis increases significantly after the age of 50 years, particularly in individuals with cumulative sun exposure and lighter skin phototypes. The pathogenesis involves UV-induced melanocyte activation, dysregulation of melanogenesis signaling pathways, oxidative stress, and age-related decline in epidermal repair capacity. Clinically, lentigo senilis presents as flat, well-demarcated hyperpigmented macules on sun-exposed areas of the skin. Diagnosis is primarily established through clinical examination and dermoscopy to exclude malignant lesions with similar appearances. Management options include topical depigmenting agents, chemical peels, cryotherapy, laser-based therapies, and intense pulsed light, tailored to lesion characteristics and patient preferences. Preventive strategies emphasizing sun protection remain essential in reducing the incidence and progression of lentigo senilis.
Preliminary Study on Long Fixation in Histological Preparations of Internal Organs of Sprague Dawley Rats Galang Prahanarendra; Devy Ariany; Nurlaely Mida Rachmawati; Luluk Hermawati; Ghea Farmaning Thias Putri
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol 4 No 12 (2025)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v4i12.77

Abstract

Histotechnology is a series of processes ranging from tissue handling to the preparation of slides that can be observed under a microscope. One crucial stage in this process is fixation, which serves to preserve the structure and morphology of the tissue as close as possible to its original physiological state. However, prolonged fixation duration may lead to tissue hardening, dissolution, and structural damage. This study aims to obtain supporting data for the development of a standard operating procedure (SOP) in histotechnology that can be applied in the animal house and histology laboratories of the Faculty of Medicine, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta. The results showed that fixation for three weeks caused morphological damage to the kidney, liver, and pancreas of Sprague Dawley rats. The findings included tissue perforation in all three organs, endothelial nuclear damage in the kidney, central vein wall damage in the liver, and cellular disintegration in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that a fixation duration of three weeks does not produce optimal histological images and therefore cannot be used as a reference for establishing a standard histotechnology SOP in the laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta.
Clinical Interpretation of Urinalysis for Early Detection of Kidney Disorders: A Narrative Review Adinda Puspita Dewi; Selfie Selfie; Baety Adhayati; Yuda Nabella Prameswari; Lola Febriana Dewi; Luluk Hermawati
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol 4 No 12 (2025)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v4i12.79

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health issue with a steadily increasing prevalence and often remains asymptomatic in its early stages. This silent progression contributes to delayed diagnosis and limited therapeutic options. Urinalysis is a simple, inexpensive, and noninvasive examination that remains relevant as an early screening tool to detect renal abnormalities before clinical manifestations appear. Methods: This narrative review summarizes the latest scientific evidence regarding the diagnostic value of urinalysis in the early detection of kidney disorders by highlighting the physical, chemical, and microscopic parameters of urine. Literature searches were conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases for studies published between 2020 and 2025 with the keywords urinalysis, kidney disease, early detection, uACR, and eGFR. Only English- or Indonesian-language articles relevant to the topic and containing empirical data were included. Results: Urinalysis has been shown to provide early indicators of proteinuria, hematuria, and pathological casts that reflect glomerular and tubular injury. Integration of urinalysis results with uACR and eGFR measurements, as recommended by KDIGO 2024, improves diagnostic accuracy and risk stratification. Additionally, automated digital microscopy and emerging biomarkers such as NGAL and KIM-1 show substantial potential in strengthening early detection capabilities. Discussion and Clinical Implications: Urinalysis not only serves as a screening tool but also holds prognostic value in guiding follow-up and clinical management of high-risk individuals. Proper interpretation of urinalysis findings can assist clinicians in determining the need for further assessment, initiating earlier interventions, and optimizing prevention of CKD progression. Conclusion: Urinalysis remains an essential basic examination for the early detection of kidney impairment. Its integrated application with modern laboratory parameters can enhance diagnostic effectiveness, accelerate clinical intervention, and reduce the global burden of chronic kidney disease.
Effect of Anredera cordifolia (Binahong) Extract on C-Peptide Levels in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Sprague–Dawley Rats Salsabila Hafsah Hasanah; Nurlaely Mida Rachmawati; Luluk Hermawati; Ervina Julien Sitanggang
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol 5 No 13 (2026)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v5i13.98

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both, and remains a major global health concern. Anredera cordifolia (binahong) is a medicinal plant commonly used in traditional medicine and is known to contain bioactive compounds such as saponins, alkaloids, polyphenols, and flavonoids, which have been suggested to possess antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Anredera cordifolia leaf extract on C-peptide levels as a marker of endogenous insulin secretion in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Results: A total of 24 male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: negative control (without STZ induction or treatment), positive control (STZ-induced), and treatment group (STZ-induced rats receiving Anredera cordifolia leaf extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight/day). Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight, and rats with random blood glucose levels ≥200 mg/dL were included in the diabetic groups. The extract was administered orally for 14 days. At the end of the intervention period, blood samples were collected, and plasma C-peptide levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and analyzed with a microplate reader. Statistical analysis using the Kruskal–Wallis test demonstrated no significant difference in mean C-peptide levels among the three groups (p = 0.132). Conclusion: These findings indicate that administration of Anredera cordifolia leaf extract at the tested dose and duration did not significantly affect C-peptide levels in STZ-induced diabetic Sprague–Dawley rats, suggesting that its potential antihyperglycemic effects may not be associated with measurable improvement in pancreatic β-cell secretory function under these experimental conditions.
Hernia Nucleus Pulposus: Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, and Clinical Management – A Literature Review Luluk Hermawati; Maytia Pratiwisitha; Maulana Hasymi Hutabarat; Ghea Farmaning Thias Putri; Ratno Susanto; Omat Rachmat
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol 5 No 13 (2026)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v5i13.101

Abstract

Background: Lumbar Herniated Nucleus Pulposus (HNP) is a leading cause of low back pain and radicular symptoms that significantly impair functional capacity and quality of life. The condition arises from a complex interaction of biomechanical stress, inflammatory responses, and degenerative biological changes in the intervertebral disc. This article aims to comprehensively review current evidence on the pathophysiology, risk factors, and clinical management of lumbar HNP using a narrative literature review approach.. Methode: A literature search was conducted across PubMed, Google Scholar, and accredited national journals using the keywords “hernia nucleus pulposus,” “lumbar disc herniation,” “low back pain,” “pathophysiology,” and “clinical management.” Eligible articles were full-text publications in English or Indonesian published between 2015 and 2025, including original research, literature reviews, systematic reviews, and clinical practice guidelines. Studies related to traumatic or non-lumbar disc herniation and those without full-text availability were excluded. Selected articles were analyzed descriptively and synthesized narratively. Results: The review indicates that lumbar HNP is a progressive degenerative disorder influenced by altered disc biomechanics, inflammatory cascades, and cellular aging. Major risk factors include advancing age, increased body mass index, sedentary lifestyle, and occupational exposure to heavy physical workload. Clinical management follows a stepwise strategy, prioritizing conservative therapy, while surgical intervention is reserved for selected cases. Conclusion: A comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms and associated risk factors of lumbar HNP is essential to support evidence-based and individualized patient management.
Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Sunatan Massal Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kesehatan Reproduksi Anak Di Kecamatan Cipare Revi Naldi; Kenny Cantika Abadi; Luluk Hermawati; Rukman Abdullah; Louisa Ivana Utami; Ekawati Rini Wulansari
KOMUNITA: Jurnal Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Mei
Publisher : PELITA NUSA TENGGARA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60004/komunita.v5i2.653

Abstract

Implementation Of A Mass Circumcision Program As An Effort To Improve Children’s Reproductive Health In Cipare District. Mass circumcision is a promotive and preventive intervention that plays an important role in maintaining boys’ health, particularly in relation to reproductive health. Limited access to healthcare services and socioeconomic factors in certain regions contribute to the low coverage of early-age circumcision, thereby increasing the risk of conditions such as phimosis, balanitis, and urinary tract infections. This community service activity aimed to improve children’s health through the implementation of a mass circumcision program in Cipare District, Serang City, Banten Province. The activity involved 23 boys aged 3–8 years, with the majority of participants in the 6–8-year age group. The implementation included initial health screening, parental education, circumcision procedures performed by medical personnel, and post-procedure monitoring. The results showed that all procedures were carried out safely and effectively without serious complications. Several medical indications were identified among participants, including phimosis, balanitis, and a history of urinary tract infections. This program provided direct benefits in preventing children’s health problems and increasing parental awareness of the importance of early reproductive health. It has the potential to serve as a sustainable promotive and preventive strategy to improve children’s health status at the community level.
Pendekatan Biopsikososial dalam Memahami Kesehatan Mental: Tinjauan Literatur Hermawati, Luluk; Prameswari, Yuda Nabella; Irawati, Nur Bebi Ulfah; Amelia, Rossa; Zulfa, Hilizza Awalina; Dwiyanti, Sophie
Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): September: Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/klinik.v5i3.6738

Abstract

Mental health is a fundamental component of overall health that influences quality of life, productivity, and individuals’ social functioning. The development of mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety disorders, cannot be explained by a single factor; rather, it results from the interaction of multiple multidimensional determinants. This literature review aims to analyze the contribution of biological, psychological, and social factors to mental health based on current scientific evidence. This study employed a systematic narrative review approach. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar databases using keywords related to mental health and biopsychosocial factors. The inclusion criteria comprised studies involving human populations published between 2015 and 2025 with observational, systematic review, or meta-analysis designs. Data were analyzed narratively to identify consistent patterns of findings. The results indicate that biological factors, such as genetic predisposition, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and medical comorbidities, increase vulnerability to mental disorders. Psychological factors, including coping strategies, emotion regulation, and exposure to stress and trauma, influence individuals’ psychological conditions. Social factors, such as social support, socioeconomic status, work or academic environment, and stigma, also play a significant role. In conclusion, mental health is the result of a dynamic interaction among biological, psychological, and social factors. Therefore, a comprehensive biopsychosocial approach is essential in promotive, preventive, and curative efforts.
Lentigo Senilis (Solar Lentigo): Tinjauan Naratif tentang Epidemiologi, Patogenesis, Gambaran Klinis, Diagnosis, dan Penatalaksanaan Erika Agustianti; Luluk Hermawati; Nur Bebi Ulfah Irawati; Ratu Nadia; Firda Asma’ul Husna; Hilizza Awalina Zulfa
Tirtayasa Medical Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2026): May
Publisher : Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/tmj.v5i2.39252

Abstract

Lentigo senilis, also known as solar lentigo, is a common benign hyperpigmented lesion that is closely associated with chronic ultraviolet (UV) exposure and the skin aging process. Although non-malignant, lentigo senilis represents an important manifestation of photoaging and often causes cosmetic concerns, particularly among older individuals. This review aims to summarize current evidence regarding the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, diagnostic approaches, and management of lentigo senilis using a thematic narrative review approach. A comprehensive literature search of major electronic databases identified relevant studies published between 2015 and 2025. The findings indicate that the prevalence of lentigo senilis increases significantly after the age of 50 years, particularly in individuals with cumulative sun exposure and lighter skin phototypes. The pathogenesis involves UV-induced melanocyte activation, dysregulation of melanogenesis signaling pathways, oxidative stress, and age-related decline in epidermal repair capacity. Clinically, lentigo senilis presents as flat, well-demarcated hyperpigmented macules on sun-exposed areas of the skin. Diagnosis is primarily established through clinical examination and dermoscopy to exclude malignant lesions with similar appearances. Management options include topical depigmenting agents, chemical peels, cryotherapy, laser-based therapies, and intense pulsed light, tailored to lesion characteristics and patient preferences. Preventive strategies emphasizing sun protection remain essential in reducing the incidence and progression of lentigo senilis.
Metode Case-Based Learning Dalam Pendidikan Kedokteran Untuk Meningkatkan Penalaran Klinis, Pengambilan Keputusan, Dan Self-Directed Learning Ekawati Rini Wulansari; Luluk Hermawati; Erika Agustianti; Rukman Abdullah; Ade Ichwan Sulthany; Erni Trisnasari
Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Juni
Publisher : Arfah BHMS Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63980/eduvasi.v2i2.168

Abstract

Pendidikan kedokteran modern menuntut pendekatan pembelajaran yang tidak hanya berfokus pada penguasaan pengetahuan medis, tetapi juga pada pengembangan kompetensi esensial, seperti penalaran klinis, pengambilan keputusan, dan pembelajaran mandiri. Case-Based Learning (CBL) merupakan salah satu strategi pembelajaran yang memanfaatkan kasus klinis terstruktur untuk menjembatani kesenjangan antara teori dan praktik klinis. Tinjauan literatur ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran Case-Based Learning dalam memperkuat penalaran klinis, kemampuan pengambilan keputusan, dan Self-Directed Learning pada mahasiswa kedokteran. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan melalui basis data PubMed, Scopus, dan Google Scholar dengan rentang publikasi tahun 2015–2025 menggunakan kata kunci “Case-Based Learning”, “Medical Education”, “Clinical Reasoning”, “Decision-Making”, dan “Self-Directed Learning”. Artikel yang disertakan meliputi penelitian empiris, tinjauan sistematis, dan literature review yang relevan dengan konteks pendidikan kedokteran. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa CBL berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan penalaran klinis melalui analisis kasus yang terstruktur dan kontekstual, memperkuat kemampuan pengambilan keputusan melalui diskusi berbasis bukti, serta mendukung pembelajaran mandiri dengan mendorong keterlibatan aktif dan refleksi belajar dalam kerangka pembelajaran terpandu. Efektivitas penerapan CBL dipengaruhi oleh kualitas desain kasus, peran fasilitator, dan kesiapan mahasiswa. Dengan demikian, Case-Based Learning merupakan pendekatan pembelajaran yang efektif dan relevan dalam pendidikan kedokteran untuk mendukung pengembangan kompetensi klinis dan kesiapan pembelajar sepanjang hayat.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, and Clinical Management – A Literature Review Luluk Hermawati; I Made Arya Subadiyasa; Nur Bebi Ulfah Irawati; Hilizza Awalina Zulfa; Nur Ayu Virginia Irawati; Rossa Amelia
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN RAFLESIA Vol 12 No 1 (2026): Juni
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS BENGKULU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33369/juke.v12i1.48386

Abstract

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder commonly observed in women of reproductive age and is associated with reproductive, metabolic, and psychological disturbances. This article aims to comprehensively review the pathophysiology, risk factors, and clinical management of PCOS based on current scientific evidence. The method employed was a narrative literature review, conducted through a systematic search of scientific articles in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases. The keywords used included polycystic ovary syndrome, PCOS pathophysiology, insulin resistance, anti-Müllerian hormone, and clinical management. Publications in English and Indonesian from 2015 to 2025 were included. The selected articles comprised original research studies, systematic reviews, and relevant literature reviews. The findings indicate that the pathophysiology of PCOS is multifactorial, involving hormonal alterations, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and dysfunction of the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis, which leads to chronic anovulation. The main risk factors for PCOS include obesity, insulin resistance, sedentary lifestyle, unbalanced nutritional status, as well as metabolic and genetic predispositions, all of which contribute to the heterogeneous clinical manifestations of the syndrome. The management of PCOS is individualized and multidisciplinary, with lifestyle modification as the first-line therapy, supported by dietary interventions, physical activity, and pharmacological treatment according to clinical indications. This review highlights the importance of an integrated approach in the management of PCOS to improve clinical outcomes and prevent long-term complications.
Co-Authors -, Erfira Abd Rahman Abdul Haris Kuspranoto Abdul Rasyid Ade Ichwan Sulthany Adhayati, Baety Adinda Puspita Dewi Agus Sugiharto Agustianti, Erika Ainina Al Shadrina Alwi, Muhammad Azharan Amanah Eva Fidusia Amanah Eva Fidusia Amanah Eva Fidusia Amanah Eva Fidusia Fidusia Awalina Zulfa, Hilizza Damayanti , Putri Desti Asihanti Saputra Devy Ariany Dini Febriandriani Dwiyanti, Sophie Ekawati Rini Wulansa Ekawati Rini Wulansari Erfira Erfira Erika Agustianti Erika Agustianti Erika Agustianti Erika Agustianti Erika Agustianti Erni Trisnasari erni Trisnasari Ervina Julien Sitanggang Fathurrohim Fathurrohim Fidusia, Amanah Eva Firda Asma’ul Husna Firda Asma’ul Husna Firda Asma’ul Husna Firda Asma’ul Husna Fitria Mahrunnisa Fitria Tahta Alfina Furqoni , Abdul Hadi Furqoni, Abdul Hadi Galang Prahanarendra Ghea Farmaning Thias Putri Ghea Farmaning Thias Putri Ghina Mutiara Abas Hilizza Awalina Hilizza Awalina Zulfa Hilizza Awalina Zulfa Hilizza Awalina Zulfa Hilizza Awalina Zulfa Hilizza Awalina Zulfa Zulfa Husna, Firda Asma'ul Husna, Firda Asma’ul I Made Arya Subadiyasa Irawati, Nur Bebi Ulfah Kania Pradiva Maharani Kenny Cantika Abadi Layal, Kamalia Lola Febriana Dewi Louisa Ivana Utami Lucky Brilliantina Maulana Hasymi Hutabarat Maytia Pratiwisitha Mery Nitalia Muchtar Ali Setyo Yudono Muhammad Usman Munifatuzzahra Munifatuzzahra Muntasiroh, Laily Nasution, Silvia Fitrina Neshya Ruriana Putri Neshya Ruriana Putri, Neshya Ruriana Ni Luh Putu Eka Kartika Sari Nida Farida Nur Ayu Virginia Irawati Nur Bebi Ulfah Irawati Nur Bebi Ulfah Irawati Nur Bebi Ulfah Irawati Nur Bebi Ulfah Irawati Nur Bebi Ulfah Irawati Ulfah Irawati Nur Lailatul Nofisah Nurlaely Mida Rachmawati Nurlaely Mida Rachmawati Nurlaely Mida Rachmawati Nurlaely Mida Rachmawati Nuryasin, Muhammad Farras Omat Rachmat Pratiwisitha, Maytia Putri Damayanti Rachmat, Omat Rachmawati, Nurlaely Mida Ratno Susanto Ratu Nadia Renata Zhafira Putri Herlia Revi Naldi Rifdah Hanifah Rizky Kusuma Wardani Roslina, Sri Rossa Amelia Rossa Amelia, Rossa Rukman Abdullah Salsabila Hafsah Hasanah Selfie Selfie Septyadis, Camila Zahra Siska Yulianti Siti Darifah Siti Darifah Siti Darifah Siti Darifah Siti Darifah Subadiyasa, I Made Arya Sulthany, Ade Ichwan Tricahyani Endah Yuniarti Twidy Tarcisia Twidy Tarcisia Utami, Louisa Ivana Wibowo, David Widyawati, Dwi Yana Aurora Prahitha Yuda Nabella Prameswari Yuda Nabella Prameswari Yuda Nabella Prameswari Yuniarti, Tricahyani Endah Zukhra, Shelly  Zulfa, Hilizza Awalina