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Biodiesel Production from Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) Oil using Ionic Liquid as A Catalyst and Microwave Heating System Prima Astuti Handayani; Abdullah Abdullah; Hadiyanto Hadiyanto
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2017: BCREC Volume 12 Issue 2 Year 2017 (August 2017)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.12.2.807.293-298

Abstract

Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) is a typical Indonesian plant. Its seed contains abundant inedible oil, and therefore it is potential for biodiesel feedstock. The current issues of biodiesel are longer  reaction time of oil to biodiesel through transesterification reaction and lower biodiesel yield due to ineffective use of a homogenous catalyst. This work was aimed to use an ionic liquid as a catalyst and equipped with microwave heating as the heating system in order to increase the biodiesel yield and accelerate the process. Effects of the catalyst concentration and power of microwave irradiation to the biodiesel yield were studied. The ionic liquid of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate (BMIMHSO4) was used as a catalyst. The results showed that the highest biodiesel yield was achieved of 92.81% which was catalyzed by IL0.5NaOH0.5 (0.5 wt.% (BMIMHSO4) + 0.5 wt.% NaOH) with a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 9, a reaction time of 6 minutes, and the microwave temperature was 60 °C. 
Effect of Dilute Acid and Alkaline Pretreatments on Enzymatic Saccharfication of Palm Tree Trunk Waste for Bioethanol Production Kusmiyati Kusmiyati; Sakina Tunissa Anarki; Sabda Wahyu Nugroho; Reistu Widiastutik; Hadiyanto Hadiyanto
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.4256.705-714

Abstract

The sugar palm tree (Arenga pinnata) was abundant in Indonesia and has high cellulose contents for bioethanol production. However, the lignin content was the major drawback which could inhibit saccharification enzymes and therefore removing the lignin from the biomass is important. This paper evaluated the effects of pretreatments  using nitric acid (HNO3) and ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) at 2 to 10% (v/v) on reducing sugar and ethanol contents and compared with the effects of steam pre-treatment. The pretreated samples were hydrolyzed using cellulase enzymes at pH 5.0 with a substrate concentration of 10% (w/v) for 24 to 72 h at 50 °C. Subsequent assessments of enzymatic saccharification following pre-treatment with 10% (v/v) HNO3 showed maximum reducing   and total sugar contents in palm tree trunk waste of 5.320% and 5.834%, respectively, after 72 h of saccharification. Following pretreatment with 10% (v/v) of NH4OH, the maximum reducing and total sugar contents of palm tree trunk waste were 2.892% and 3.556%, respectively, after 72 h of saccharification. In comparison, steam pretreatments gave maximum reducing sugar and total sugar contents of 1.140% and 1.315% under the same conditions. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) was conducted at 37 °C (pH 4.8) and 100 rpm for 120 h using 10% (v/v) Saccharomyces cerevisiae and cellulase enzyme with a substrate concentration of 10% (w/v). The result showed the highest ethanol content of 2.648% was achieved by using 10% (v/v) HNO3. The use of 10% (v/v) NH4OH gained a yield of 0.869% ethanol while the steam pretreatment could obtained 0.102% ethanol.  
Preparation and Characterization of Anadara Granosa Shells and CaCO3 as Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Production Hadiyanto Hadiyanto; Sri Puji Lestari; Widayat Widayat
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2016: BCREC Volume 11 Issue 1 Year 2016 (April 2016)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.11.1.402.21-26

Abstract

Nowadays, the use of homogenous catalyst has been gradually reduced for its operational reason. The homogenous catalyst leads in difficulty of separation after the process completed and the life cycle is shorter. Therefore, most of researches are introducing heterogenous catalyst for its substitution. This research was aimed to evaluate the use of shell of Anadara granosa and CaCO3 as source of CaO based catalyst through impregnation method. The preparation of the catalyst was started by decomposition of shells and CaCO3 at temperature of 800 oC for 3 hours, followed by impregnation at 70 oC for 4 hours and then calcined at 800 oC for 2 hours. The CaCO3 based catalyst gained high yield of biodiesel (94%) as compared to Anadara granoasa based catalyst (92%). The reusability study showed that these catalysts could be used until three times recycle with 40-60% yield of biodiesel. The CaO contents of catalyst decreased up to 90% after three times recycles. 
Application of Tin(II) Chloride Catalyst for High FFA Jatropha Oil Esterification in Continuous Reactive Distillation Column Ratna Dewi Kusumaningtyas; Imam Novrizal Aji; Hadiyanto Hadiyanto; Arief Budiman
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2016: BCREC Volume 11 Issue 1 Year 2016 (April 2016)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.11.1.417.66-74

Abstract

The application of heterogeneous solid acid catalysts in biodiesel production has become popular and gained significant attention over the last few years. It is since these types of catalysts hold the benefits in terms of easy separation from the product, reusability of the catalyst, high selectivity of the reaction. They are also considered sustainable and powerful particularly in organic synthesis. This work studied the use of tin(II) chloride as solid Lewis acid catalyst to promote the esterification reaction of high Free Fatty Acid (FFA) jatropha oil in continuous reactive distillation column. To obtain the optimum condition, the influences of reaction time, molar ratio of the reactant, and catalyst were investigated. It was revealed that the optimum condition was achieved at the molar ratio of methanol to FFA at 1:60, catalyst concentration of 5%, and reaction temperature of 60°C with the reaction conversion of 90%. This result was significantly superior to the identical reaction performed using batch reactor. The esterification of high FFA jatropha oil using reactive distillation in the presence of tin(II) chloride provided higher conversion than that of Amberlyst-15 heterogeneous catalyst and was comparable to that of homogenous sulfuric acid catalyst, which showed 30 and 94.71% conversion, respectively. The esterification reaction of high FFA jatropha oil was subsequently followed by transesterification reaction for the completion of the biodiesel production. Transesterification was carried out at 60 °C, molar ratio of methanol to oil of 1:6, NaOH catalyst of 1%, and reaction time of one hour. The jatropha biodiesel product resulted from this two steps process could satisfy the ASTM and Indonesian biodiesel standard in terms of ester content (97.79 %), density, and viscosity. 
Ethanol Production from Whey by Kluyveromyces marxianus in Batch Fermentation System: Kinetics Parameters Estimation Dessy Ariyanti; Hadiyanto Hadiyanto
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2013: BCREC Volume 7 Issue 3 Year 2013 (March 2013)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.7.3.4044.179-184

Abstract

Whey is the liquid remaining after milk has been curdled and strained. It is a by-product of the manufacture of cheese or casein and has several commercial uses. In environmental point of view, whey is kind of waste which has high pollution level due to it’s contain high organic compound with BOD and COD value 50 and 80 g/L respectively. On the other side, whey also contain an amount of lactose (4.5%-5%); lactose can be used as carbon source and raw material for producing ethanol via fermentation using yeast strain Kluyveromyces marxianus. The objective of this research is to investigate the ethanol production kinetics from crude whey through fermentation using Kluyveromyces marxianus and to predict the model kinetics parameter. The yeast was able to metabolize most of the lactose within 16 h to give 8.64 g/L ethanol, 4.43 g/L biomass, and remain the 3.122 g/L residual lactose. From the results presented it also can be concluded that common kinetic model for microbial growth, substrate consumption, and product formation is a good alternative to describe an experimental batch fermentation of Kluyveromyces marxianus grown on a medium composed of whey. The model was found to be capable of reflecting all batch culture phases to a certain degree of accuracy, giving the parameter value: μmax, Ks, YX/S, α, β : 0.32, 10.52, 0.095, 1.52, and 0.11 respectively.© 2013 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
Experimental Investigation of by-Product Hydrogen Gas in the Harvesting Process of Dunaliella salina using a Non-Sacrificial Cathode Purwono Purwono; Hadiyanto Hadiyanto; Marcelinus Christwardana; Widayat Widayat; Mochamad Arief Budihardjo
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Vol 21, No 1 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v21i1.80-89

Abstract

Hydrogen gas is considered a pollution-free fuel in the future. However, the EC process using these non-sacrificial electrodes requires further research especially for the production of dissolved hydrogen gas and the efficiency of microalgae harvesting. The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas produced from the harvesting process of Dunaliella salina microalgae species using EC and ORP concentrations including pH, harvesting efficiency due to voltage variations and harvesting time using EC with non-sacrificial electrodes. D salina harvesting using EC reactor made of cylindrical borosilicate glass. Spiral-shaped type 304 stainless steel (non-sacrificial) serves as the cathode and solid cylindrically-shaped Fe serves as the anode. The voltage set varies between 16, 18, and 20 Volts, while the electrolysis time is varied between 1.3.5 minutes. The results showed that the highest dissolved hydrogen concentration of 820 ppb (0.820 ppm) produced from the EC process used 18 V for 3 minutes. The volume of gas could not be measured because most of the hydrogen gas was dissolved in the D salina culture, so it was not enough to evaporate within 3 minutes. The maximum ORP concentration of -413 mV resulting from the EC process uses 18 V for 3 minutes. When hydrogen gas is present in a solution, it can decrease the ORP value of the solution. At EC time with non-sacrificial electrodes for 5 minutes managed to harvest D salina 50.79%; 61.90%; 74.60% at voltages of 16 V, 18V, and 20 V respectively. 
Plastic Management on the Kelapa Island, Indonesia: Analysis of Community Perception and Participation Awaluddin Hidayat Ramli Inaku; Hadiyanto Hadiyanto; Henna Rya Abdurachim; Hashfi Hawali Abdul Matin
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Vol 20, No 3 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v20i3.612-620

Abstract

Plastic waste is a substance that is no longer used and contains certain elastic materials that require heat energy to decompose. Plastic waste has a longer time to decompose, which is about 20 to 100 years. The purpose of this study is to identify public perception and participation in plastic waste management, analyze the relationship between internal and external factors and perceptions of plastic waste management, and analyze the relationship between public perception and participation in plastic waste management. The research was conducted through explanatory research with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study is the people of Kelapa Island, Seribu Islands, DKI Jakarta with a sample of 300 respondents. The results showed that there was a relationship between knowledge (p-value = 0.001) and the role of government/community leaders (p-value = 0.002) with perceptions of plastic waste management. There is a relationship between public perception and participation in plastic waste management (p-value = 0.000). The conclusion shows that the perception of the community as a whole is positive and community participation in the management of plastic waste is already high. It is hoped that the programs that have been successfully implemented need to be maintained, improved, and monitored regularly.
Optimization of the algorithms use ensemble and synthetic minority oversampling technique for air quality classification Aziz Jihadian Barid; Hadiyanto Hadiyanto; Adi Wibowo
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 33, No 3: March 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v33.i3.pp1632-1640

Abstract

Rapid economic development, industrialization, and urbanization in Indonesia have caused a large increase in air pollution with negative impacts on the environment and public health. The aim of this research is to use machine learning techniques to categorize air quality and generate an air quality index (AQI) using a dataset that includes six prevalent air pollutants. Next steps are preprocessing and data extraction, K-nearest neighbors (KNN) classification, support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF) models are implemented. Furthermore, synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) is incorporated into the ensemble learning process to improve the results. This research uses K-fold cross validation for improve classification accuracy and reduce overfitting. Research findings show that the application of SMOTE brings a significant increase in model accuracy, effectively solving the problem of imbalanced data sets. These insights provide direction for effective air quality monitoring systems and informed decision making in air pollution management.
Energy Analysis and Economy Performance of a Hybrid Solar Dryer for Drying Coffee Suherman Suherman; Hadiyanto Hadiyanto; Nicholas Franz; Vimala Kamandjaja; Tubagus Rayyan Fitra Sinuhaji
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol. 26 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Sains dan Materi Indonesia
Publisher : BRIN Publishing (Penerbit BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/jsmi.2024.3135

Abstract

This work studies the effect of the drying temperature on the profile of the water content, drying rate, drying efficiency, economic performance, and the quality of Robusta and Arabica coffee beans using the hybrid solar dryer. The drying instrument with the help of LPG heating is used in this research with a specified temperature of 40 ℃, 50 ℃, and 60 ℃. The research is conducted on a sunny day for 1 day for each temperature and coffee beans. The temperature profile shows that the lowest water content in the study is 60 ℃. The drying rate for both 50 ℃ and 60 ℃ are similar and the highest average efficiency of the instrument is at 50 ℃ for both Robusta and Arabica beans. The dominant peak in GCMS analysis result of coffee samples was caffeine with a total area percentage of 30.89%, the description of the coffee bean structure using SEM test resulted in a hole size of 5-10 µm, the obtained fat content was 1.6%, the obtained protein content 17.3%. A hybrid solar dryer is an environmentally friendly solution that enables faster coffee drying, with a payback period of 1.5 years for both coffee bean types.
Implementasi Jaminan Produk Halal Bagi Jaringan Pengusaha Muslim Indonesia dan Saudagar Muhammadiyah Kota Semarang Hadiyanto, H.; Widayat, Widayat; Sulardjaka, Sulardjaka; Al-Baari, Ahmad N
Indonesia Journal of Halal Vol 4, No 2 (2021): IJH
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Halal Undip

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/halal.v4i2.14688

Abstract

Usaha kecil baik rumah makan atau warung makan juga harus menyajikan produk-produk yang terjamin kehalalannya. Departemen agama telah menetapkan 5 langkah kebijakan halal untuk menjamin kehalalan produk pangan, obat-obatan dan kosmetik yaitu dari segi bahan (zatnya), proses produksi, penyimpanan, distribusi dan penyajian, sebagaimana tercantum di dalam Undang- undang No 33 tahun 2014 tentang Jaminan Produk Halal. Pengabdian ini.bermaksud untuk mengatasi permasalahan pada UKM yaitu belum memiliki sertifikasi halal, belum adanya penyelia halal dari UKM, belum adanya penngetahuan tentang Manajemen Jaminan halal dan bagaimana proses sertifikasi halal itu sendiri. Untuk memperoleh sertifikasi halal, kegiatan diawali dengan bimbingan teknis sertifikasi halal, menyiapkan.berkas.penunjang.untuk.mendapatkan.sertifikat.halal,.sampai telah terbitnya sertifikasi halal produk.  Yang utamanya adalah.tanggung jawab para pengusaha dalam menjalankan Jaminan Halal untuk seterusnya.
Co-Authors - Hermawan - Purwanto . Widayat A Abdullah A.P. Aini Abdurrafi Alwan Achmad Chalid Afif Alfajrin Achmad Roesyadi Adhi, M. A. Adi Wibowo Adian Khoironi Afriza Ni'matus Sa'adah Afshar, Mohammad Ali Ahmadi, Mohammad Hossein Aini, Apsari Puspita Ainun Nurusy Syahida Al-Baari, Ahmad N Al-Baarri, Ahmad Ni’matullah Albertus Djoko Lesmono Alhuyi Nazari, Mohammad Amalia Farhati Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani Andono Kusuma Jati Andri C. K. Andri Cahyo Kumoro Andry Anggoro Arahim Angela Nitia Nefasa Angela Nitia Nefasa Aniek Sri Handayani Aniek Sri Handayani Anisa Widia Utami Apsari Puspita A. Arief Budiman Arief Budiman Arif Harimukti Arif Setiawan Asri Cahaya Hati Athanasia Amanda Septevani, Athanasia Amanda Avido Yuliestyan Awaluddin Hidayat Ramli Inaku Azafilmi Hakiim Aziz Jihadian Barid Bambang Cahyono Barid, Aziz Jihadian Bidi, Mokhtar Budhijanto, B. Cantika Aulia Salsabila Catur Edi Widodo D A Sari D. Ariyanti D.S. Pinundi Danny Soetrisnanto Dedi Khairunas Desiyantri Siti P. Dessy Agustina Sari Dessy Ariyanti Dessy Ariyanti Didi Dwi Anggoro Dyah Ari Wulandari Dyah Hesti Wardhani Dyan Pratiwi E Hugeng Wandono Ebrahimi, Morteza Eko Hidayanto Endang Kusdiyantini Eudia Christina Wulandari Evita Febriyanti Febio Dalanta Fianda Revina Widyastuti Figa Muhammad Octafalahanda Fitria Yuli Anggita Sari Fitriyanto, Bobby Rachmat Fitriyanto, Bobby Rachmat Fuad Muhammad Fuad Muhammad Ganang Dwi Hartanto Ghasempour, Roghayeh Hakim, Muhammad Fahmi Hamid Hamid Hantoro Satriadi Hapsoro Bagus Wicaksono Hargono Hargono Haris Nu'man Aulia Hashfi Hawali Abdul Matin Hati, Asri Cahaya Hemawan, Ferry Hendra Naldi Henna Rya Abdurachim Henna Rya Sunoko Henna Rya Sunoko Heri Cahyono Heri Sutanto Hermawan Hermawan Hoang, Anh Tuan I Made Aditya Suryajaya Iis Nurhasanah Imam Novrizal Aji Indah Kusumadewi, Indah Indro Sumantri Indro Sumatri Irawan Arif Budianto J. Jamari Jaka Windarta Jihan Nabila Joni Safaat Adiansyah Kevin Aprilio Kusmiyati Kusmiyati Le, Tri Hieu M Christwardana M Christwardana M M A Nur M. Barbosa M. Djaeni M.M. Azimatun Nur M.M. Azimatun Nur, M.M. Azimatun Marcelinus Christwardana Marcelinus Christwardana Marcelinus Christwardana Marcelinus Christwardana Marcelinus Christwardana Marcelinus Christwardana Marcelinus Christwardana Mardiyah Sari Dewi Maryono Maryono Mega Anggraeni Mega Anggraeni Meiny Suzery Miftah Aqidatul Izzah Mochamad Arief Budihardjo Moh. Djaeni Muhamad Imaduddin Muhamad Maulana Azimatun Nur Muhammad Helmi Muhammad Nasyarudin Iqbal Muhammad Zaini Mahdi Munifatul Izzati Nailawati Prastiya Ningrum Naseri, Ali Nicholas Franz Noer Abyor Handayani Pham, Minh Tuan Pham, Van Viet Pribadyo Pribadyo Prima Astuti Handayani Primadi Gayuh Laksono Putro Purwanto - Purwanto Purwanto Purwanto Purwanto Purwono Purwono Putri, Sylvia Rahmi R. Wijffels Rachmad Ardhianto Ganjar Samudro Ratna Dewi Kusumaningtyas Ratnawati Ratnawati Reistu Widiastutik Retno Wulandari Rifqi Ahmad Baihaqi Riky Yonas Riky Yonas Rini Budi Hastuti Rita Dwi Ratnani Riza Saadiah, Riza Rizal Isnanto, R RM Bagus Irawan Rochmadi, R. Rocky Adiguna Rufaida Nur Rostika S Subandriyo S Sumarno S. Suherman Sabda Wahyu Nugroho Sakina Tunissa Anarki Satrio Kuntolaksono Sestri Bela Pratiwi Setia Budi Sasongko Silviana Silviana Singgih Wibowo Siswo Sumardiono Siti Jamilatun Sri Puji Lestari Sri Widodo Agung Sueda Suhatman, Agus Suherman Suherman Sulardjaka Sulardjaka Sumarno Sumarno Thomas Triadi Putranto, Thomas Triadi Tri Retnaningsih Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati Tubagus Rayyan Fitra Sinuhaji Tutuk Djoko Kusworo Uray Irzandi Uray Irzandi Vimala Kamandjaja Vita Efelina Wahjono, Tri Eko Wahyu Zuli Pratiwi Widayat Widayat Widiyanto Widiyanto Wihermanto, W. Yasinta Nikita Titisari Yoyon Wahyono Yulis Hindarwati Zin Min Tun