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Influence of Mixing Time on the Hardness and Structure of Local Clay-Based Crucibles Rusiyanto; Rifky Ismail; Athanasius Priharyoto Bayuseno; Daffa Agya Mahardika; Fitriyana, Deni Fajar; Wirawan Sumbodo; Aldias Bahatmaka
Advance Sustainable Science Engineering and Technology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): November - January
Publisher : Science and Technology Research Centre Universitas PGRI Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26877/asset.v8i1.2314

Abstract

Although clay crucibles are frequently utilized in regional industries, their inadequate mechanical strength often causes durability issues. This study investigates the influence of mixing duration on the Vickers hardness and macrostructure of crucibles composed of local clay, kaolin, and molasses. The composition was made up of 47.5% clay, 47.5% kaolin, and 5% molasses as a binder, with 15% water added relative to the total weight. Durations of 15, 30, and 45 minutes were evaluated to determine their impact on material qualities. The findings indicated a positive relationship between mixing duration and hardness. At 15 minutes, the mean hardness was 4.1 HV, which escalated to 8.5 HV at 30 minutes and 12.4 HV at 45 minutes. The increased hardness with extended mixing durations indicates a more homogeneous particle dispersion and enhanced bonding among the raw ingredients. The findings suggest that increasing the mixing time can elevate the quality and longevity of locally manufactured crucibles, rendering them more appropriate for small-scale metallurgical applications.
Comparative Characterization of Indonesian AISI 316L Stainless Steel and Commercial Femoral Stem for Artificial Hip Joint Applications Wahyudi, Mujib; Ismail, Rifky
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.11.1.7

Abstract

The development of the femoral stem, part of the artificial hip joint, requires a material with microstructures, mechanical properties, and chemical composition that meet the requirements of a medical implant. This study aims to characterize and compare Indonesian AISI 316L stainless steel with two commercial femoral stem implants used by patients, namely XYZ products from the United States and ABC products from India. The tests carried out on the three products include tensile tests, macro hardness, microhardness, microstructure observations, and chemical composition analysis. The tensile test results show that XYZ products have the highest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 1065.6 ± 11.7 MPa, while the Indonesian AISI 316L (IDN) and ABC products showed lower UTS values of 580.9 ± 0.3 and 536.3 ± 9.4 MPa, respectively. Microhardness tests showed that XYZ products achieved the highest hardness value of 306.0 ± 13.5 VHN with an increasing hardness gradient towards the surface. Meanwhile, the Indonesian AISI 316L materials showed a relatively homogeneous hardness distribution with an average value of approximately 197.5 ± 1.3 VHN. Observation of microstructures reveals differences in grain size and distribution, which correlate with microhardness values. Analysis of the elemental composition shows that all three materials exhibit characteristics of austenitic stainless steel with variations in the alloy element content. Overall, the results highlight the influence of microstructural features and alloy composition on mechanical performance. Although the Indonesian AISI 316L material evaluated in this study is not classified as implant-grade stainless steel, the findings provide a baseline reference for future material development. It emphasizes the need for strict compliance with implant-grade standards, manufacturing optimization, and surface treatment to enable potential application in femoral stem component.
Cam Simulation and Dimensional Verification of CNC-Machined Orthopaedic Femoral Components: Toolpath Optimization and 3D-Scan Metrology Setyoadi, Yuris; Rifky Ismail; Bayuseno, Athanasius Priharyoto; I Nyoman Jujur; Novriansyah, Robin; Darmanto; Prawibowo, Hartanto; Anggoro, Paulus Wisnu
Advance Sustainable Science Engineering and Technology Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): February-April
Publisher : Science and Technology Research Centre Universitas PGRI Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26877/asset.v8i2.2760

Abstract

This study investigates the optimization of manufacturing femoral components for Total Knee Replacement (TKR) using Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) simulation and 5-axis CNC milling, followed by dimensional verification based on 3D scanning. The machining process was simulated in Autodesk PowerMill to generate collision-free toolpaths for AISI 316L stainless steel. Dimensional verification was conducted by comparing the 3D-scanned physical model (using Creality CR-Scan Ferret Pro) with the original CAD model in Geomagic Control X. The metrological analysis showed a Root Mean Square (RMS) deviation of 0.5317 mm and an average positive deviation of 0.2572 mm. Spatial deviation analysis revealed significant dimensional variations, with a maximum deviation of +2.5761 mm and a minimum deviation of -2.5713 mm. Specifically, in critical functional regions, the medial and lateral condyles exhibited deviations ranging from -0.4683 mm to 0.232 mm, while the patellar groove showed a deviation of 0.1989 mm. Although the machining strategy successfully produced the complex implant geometry, the tolerance distribution data indicated that only 17.22% of the surface fell within the strictly specified tolerances, highlighting the need for further optimization of cutting parameters and fixturing strategies to minimize surface roughness and dimensional inaccuracies.
Co-Authors . Jamari . Jamari . Jamari . Sugiyanto Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Abdul Syakur Abid Muflih Ernandara Abram Ali Sasono Achmaditiya, Galuh Agung Warsito Agustinus Purna Irawan Ahmad, Zakki Kurniawan Akhlis Rahman Nurhidayat Akmal Putra Fardinansyah Aldias Bahatmaka Alfiana Fitri Istiqomah Amin Husni Amrih Prayogo Ananto, Gilar P. Andrew Johan Andromeda, Trias Arifin, Zainal Ariyanto, Mochammad Arvy Yudha Sadewa Atanasius Priharyoto Bayuseno Athanasius Priharyoto Bayuseno Athanasius Priharyoto Bayuseno Athanasius Priharyoto Bayuseno Aulia Salwa Alfaina Bachtiar, Yuriz Bagastomo, Riondityo Soni Bagiyo Condro Purnomo Bakhtiar, Yuriz Bayuseno Bayuseno Budi Setiyana Budi Setiyana Budi Setiyana Budi Waluyo Budiman, Rifky Ardiansyah Budy Wiryawan Candratama, Aditya Cionita, Tezara D.J. Schipper Daffa Agya Mahardika Darmanto Deni Mulyana Deni Mulyana Devit Ardiyansyah Dinulloh, Muhammad Rafli Wiratama Dosma Ruben R Nababan Dwi Pudjonarko Dwi Setyawan Egastya Fazal Santoso Eko Saputra Eko Saputra Eko Wahyu Saputro Elga P. Yuandi Eva Hertnacahyani Herraprastansi Fachri Adam Fariz Wisda Nugraha Ferdian Gamalea Delasta Fiki Firdaus Fiki Firdaus Fitriyana, Deni Fajar Friady Gumilar Fungky Dyan Pertiwi Gilar P. Ananto Gunawan Dwi Haryadi Gusti Andika Ramadanu Hadi, Jason Reynald Haira, Mahmuda Hanif Nur Kholid Hari Peni Julianti Hartanto Prawibowo Hasnil, Nabiilah Helmy Purwanto Hidayati, Uslah I Nyoman Jujur Ilham Fajar Bagaskara Ilham Habibi, Ilham Imam Syafaat Irfan, Afi Muhammad Ismail, Nur Hidayah Ismoyo Haryanto Iwan Budiwan Anwar J. Jamari Jamari Jamari Januar Parlaungan Siregar Januar Parlaungan Siregar Joga D. Setiawan Joga Dharma Setiawan Joga Dharma Setiawan Joshua W. Syafei Joyanto Sitohang Kadavi, Fadhil Muhammad Kharisma A. Pambudi Kistriyani, Lilis Kolakoti, Aditya Kristianto, Henry Luky Hidayat M.Pd S.T. S.Pd. I Gde Wawan Sudatha . Machrizal Noor Mahendra, Arya Makhfudz Ali Margana Margana Michael Ambarita Mochammad Ariyanto Mochammad Ariyanto Mochammad Ariyanto Moh Fawaid Moh. Erlangga Aditya Rifandi Mohammad Tauviqirrahman Muchammad Muchammad Muhammad Dzaky Arizsa Athallah Muhammad Dzulfikar Muhammad Fahrizal Almeir Muhammad Farel Muhammad Hafizh Mubarak Muhammad Ihya Mahendra Adi Muhammad Ikhsan Muhammad Khafidh Muhammad Rezha Assalam Muhammad Ritzky Novhar Muhammad Ulfan Arif Muji Setiyo Munadi Munadi Murti Ayu Nur Safitri Muryanto Nizar Rahman Aprilitama, Nizar Rahman Norman Iskandar Novianto, Arief Novriansyah, Robin Nurudin, Tri P., Alhakim B. P., Biyan B. Pambudi, Kharisma A. Pangesti, Adelia Pangestu, Wahyu Adi Pasmanasari, Elta Diah Paulus Wisnu Anggoro Poedji Haryanto Prasetyo, Adzan Jati Pratama, Wahyudi Prawibowo, Hartanto Priwintoko, Baharudin Purwati, Wiwik Putera, Finny Pratama Putra, Mileno Marandria Putri, Farika Tono Rahmawati, Maria Belladonna Rahmi Isma Asmara Putri Rama Sinatria Wisesa Reswara, Ghani Widyatna Ricky Prawira Rilo Berdin Taqriban Riski Maulana Rochman, Muhamad Latifur Rohmatullah, Muhammad Romadhon, Saeful Rofi Rusdjijati, Retno Rusiyanto Samsul Alamsyah Perwiranegara Saputra, Bagus Ari Sendie Yuliarto Margen Siregar, Januar Parlaungan Sitanggang, Frandy A Siti Aminah Sri Nugroho Sugiyanto - Sugiyanto Sugiyanto Sugiyanto Suhartini Suhartini Ismail Suhartini Ismail, Suhartini Sukarno Sukarno Sulardjaka Sulardjaka Sulistyo Sulistyo Supriyo Suryawan, Donny Susilo Adi Widyanto Syafa’at, Imam Syafei, Joshua W. Tavan Faiz Dhiahaqi Tezara Cionita Thesar Aditya Nurcholis Toni Prahasto Trianggoro Budisulistyo Turasno, Buang Wahid, Muhammad Abdul Wahyu Hidayat Wahyudi, Mujib Wijayanto, Juli Eri Wirawan Sumbodo Yasya Khalif Perdana Saleh Yogi Reza Ramadan, Yogi Reza Yopi Harwinanda A Yosafat Keljeski Sinaga Yosua Wijaya Yotenka, Rahmadi Yuris Setyoadi Yuris Setyoadi Yusuf Subagyo Zainal Arifin