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All Journal Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Ar-Raniry, International Journal of Islamic Studies LEGITIMASI: Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan Politik Hukum Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial El-Mashlahah Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Pangan PETITA: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum dan Syariah (PJKIHdS) Hasanuddin Law Review Mazahib SAMARAH: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam Indonesian Food Science and TechnologyJournal Canrea Journal: Food Technology, Nutritions, and Culinary Journal El-Usrah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Jurnal Ilmiah Edunomika (JIE) Tasharruf: Journal Economics and Business of Islam Media Syari'ah: Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial Jurnal Cahaya Mandalika El-kahfi : Journal of Islamic economics Journal of Food Technology and Health Kafa’ah: Journal of Gender Studies Jurnal Bio-Geo Material Dan Energi Al-Mutsla: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Action Research Literate (ARL) MAQASIDI Jurnal Riset Akuntansi dan Bisnis Indonesia Journal of Lex Philosophy (JLP) JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah) Jurnal Al-Kharaj: Studi Ekonomi Syariah, Muamalah, dan Hukum Ekonomi Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis dan Manajemen JURNAL BISNIS ADMINISTRASI DAN MANAJEMEN Jurnal Karya Abdi Masyarakat Al-Muraqabah: Journal of Management and Sharia Business Hikmayo: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Qawanin Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Intellectual Law Review (ILRE) Jurnal AL-MAQASID: Jurnal Ilmu Kesyariahan dan Keperdataan Jurnal AL-MAQASID: Jurnal Ilmu Kesyariahan dan Keperdataan Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Hukum Keluarga Jurnal Ilmiah Administrasi Dan Sosial Vifada Assumption Journal of Law At-Tawazun, Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah INOVASI: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan, dan Manajemen Prosiding Seminar Kesehatan Nasional Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen Pariwisata dan Perhotelan JIKUM: Jurnal Ilmu Komputer JMMU: Jurnal Mahasiswa Manajemen dan Umum HORIZON PUBLIC LEGAL STUDIES ADVANCED PRIVATE LEGAL INSIGHTS COMPENDIUM OF JUDGE MADE LAW
Mursyid Djawas
Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh
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Journal : Journal of Lex Philosophy (JLP)

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Sistem Restorative Justice pada Tindak Pidana Pencurian dalam Konteks Keadaan Memaksa (Overmacht) dalam Hukum Pidana Arifin, Sri Rinjani; Razak, Askari; Mursyid, Mursyid
Journal of Lex Philosophy (JLP) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Lex Philosophy (JLP)
Publisher : Program Pascarajana Universitas Muslim Indonesia

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Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan konsep overmacht (keadaan memaksa) dalam tindak pidana pencurian yang dilakukan karena keterpaksaan, serta potensi penerapan Restorative Justice sebagai pendekatan alternatif dalam sistem hukum pidana Indonesia. Secara normatif, Pasal 48 KUHP dan Pasal 45 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang KUHP mengakui keadaan memaksa sebagai alasan pemaaf yang dapat menghapus pertanggungjawaban pidana. Namun dalam praktik, banyak pelaku tindak pidana ringan seperti pencurian makanan karena kelaparan tetap dikenai hukuman, akibat penafsiran hukum yang kaku dan kurang mempertimbangkan latar belakang sosial. Oleh karena itu, pendekatan Restorative Justice, yang telah diatur dalam Peraturan Jaksa Agung No. 15 Tahun 2020 dan Perpol No. 8 Tahun 2021, dinilai lebih relevan karena menekankan pada dialog, pemulihan, dan keadilan substantif. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa sistem hukum pidana Indonesia perlu lebih progresif dan humanistik dalam menangani kasus-kasus yang dilatarbelakangi oleh kondisi darurat sosial. Selain itu, dibutuhkan integrasi antara konsep overmacht dan Restorative Justice dalam tataran normatif dan praktik agar hukum tidak kehilangan sisi keadilannya. This research examines the application of the concept of overmacht (force majeure) in theft offences committed under coercive circumstances and explores the potential of Restorative Justice as an alternative approach in the Indonesian criminal justice system. Normatively, Article 48 of the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) and Article 45 of Law Number 1 of 2023 recognise overmacht as an excuse that can eliminate criminal responsibility. However, in practice, many perpetrators of minor crimes—such as stealing food due to hunger—are still subjected to prosecution and punishment due to rigid legal interpretations that fail to consider the socio-economic background of the offender. Therefore, the Restorative Justice approach, as regulated in the Prosecutor General's Regulation No. 15 of 2020 and Police Regulation No. 8 of 2021, is considered more relevant as it emphasises dialogue, recovery, and substantive justice. This article concludes that Indonesia’s criminal law system needs to be more progressive and humanistic in dealing with offences driven by social emergencies. Moreover, the normative and practical integration of Overmacht and Restorative Justice is crucial to ensure that justice remains equitable and humane.
Co-Authors Abdul Samad, Sri Astuti Abidin Nurdin Addion Nizori Agustin Hanapi Alda, Alda Alfridsyah Alfridsyah Alqarni, Wais Amri, Aulil Amrullah Bustamam Andi Sugirman Andi Sugirman, Andi Anugerahi Ralina, Warisnu Ari Sigit Arifin, Sri Rinjani Asmaul Husna Asmaul Husna asni zubair Atika Nabila Azka Amalia Jihad Azwar Azwar Budiyanto Budiyanto Bukhari Ali Bustanul Arifin, Nursyirwan Carolyne, Jessyca Cherrye citra, Citra Cut Putrau Ujong D, H.M Abzar Darmawati Darna, Andi Daud Malamassam David Kusmawan Dedy Sumardi Dian Wulansari, Dian Era Fadli Fahlefi, Wilis Fajrina, Riska Fathoni, Muhammad Isnaini Fauzan Azima Fauzan, Faisal Fawwaz Bin Adenan Fikri, Andi Muhammad Gamal Achyar Hakimah, Nur Handayani, Kurnianingsih Hasanudin, Maulana Hazairin Zubair, Hazairin Hedhri Nadhiran Herlambang, Susatyo Herlanda, Ono Humaryanto, Humaryanto Husnul, Muhammad Idham Idham Idham Idham Indra Lasmana Tarigan Indriyani Indriyani Isdayanti, Isdayanti Ismi Nurwaqiah Ibnu Jusoh Yusoff, Amir Fazlim Kasyani, Kasyani Kemala Dewi Khairuddin Hasballah Kiramang, Khairuddin Luqman, Mahadika Nafis Madyawati Latief Maghfirah Maghfirah Misran Mubarak, Ihsan Muh. Azham Ilham Muhammad Abrar Azizi Muhammad Fatkhurohman Albashori Muhammad Hasan Muhammad Iqbal Muhammad Isnaini Fathoni Muhammad Yahya, Muhammad Yahya Mukhtar Mukhtar Muntasir A Kadir Muqni Affan Abdullah Muslim Zainuddin Mutiara Fahmi Muttaqin, Agil Nahara Eriayanti Najib, Khoiri Nasikin, Nasikin Nasution, Hanry Setiawan Nazrina Julika Sari Nida Hani Novrianti, Eka Nurherlina, Nurherlina Nuriman Hambali Nurzakia, Nurzakia Peron, Peron Purnama Sari Rahmayani, Irma Ramadhan, Muhammad Fauzi Raya, Muhammad Adam Surya Razak, Askari Reza, Masri Ridhwan Ridhwan Ridhwan Ridhwan, Ridhwan Rifaldy Basri, Muhammad Rinaldy Bima, Muhammad Rishad Ilmi, Muhammad Rizki Ananda rosmaeni, rosmaeni Said, Wardana Salmawati Salmawati, Salmawati Saputra, David Deni Sari, Cindy Kartika Seow, Eng Keng Shabarullah, Shabarullah Sidiq, M.Fajar Silvi Leila Rahmi Silvia Mawarti Perdana Siregar, Fathar Arsa Solin, Siti Dian Natasya Solly Aryza Soraya Devy Sri Astuti A. Samad Suliantoro Surhaini Surhaini, Surhaini Syamil, Abdul Hafiz As Syarifah Rahmatillah Syuhada, Erwin Febrian Tafina, Afrilika Tarmizi M. Jakfar Umar Yakub, Baharuddin Usi Lanita Utami, Muna Wazzan, Huda Wibowo L. S, Edi Wulan Dari, Dini Yana Cahyana Yudi Siyamto Yulia, Anita Yuliantoharinugroho, Yuliantoharinugroho Yumna, Cut Najwa Safa Yusdiana, Ratna Yusfriadi Abda Yusof , Wafaa' Yusri, Farhan Zahratul Idami Zahrul Mubarrak