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I Wayan Wesna Astara
Universitas Warmadewa
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The Legality of the Surrogate Mother Agreement Reviewed from Indonesian Civil Law Yohanes I Wayan Suryadi; Ni Luh Made Mahendra Wati; I Wayan Wesna Astara; I Gusti Bagus Suryawan; Johannes Ibrahim Kosasih
Lex Publica Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : APPTHI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58829/lp.12.1.2025.279

Abstract

This research explores the legality of surrogate mother (uterus rental) agreements under Indonesian civil law, particularly given the absence of clear regulations governing such arrangements. The study aims to examine both the legal status of surrogate mother agreements and the legal status of children born through surrogacy, based on the provisions of the Indonesian Civil Code. This is a normative legal study employing a statutory approach, with secondary data collected through literature review and analyzed using descriptive-analytical methods. The findings indicate surrogate mother agreements are not legally valid under Indonesian civil law, as they fail to meet the essential requirements for a valid contract. The legal status of children born from such agreements depends on specific conditions. If the intended (biological) parents wish to establish a legal relationship with the child, they must go through an adoption process. Furthermore, the marital status of the surrogate mother determines the child’s legal status: (a) if the surrogate mother is legally married, the child is presumed to be the legitimate child of the surrogate and her spouse; (b) if the surrogate mother is unmarried or widowed, the child is considered to be born out of wedlock.
Eco-Guardian Project: Literasi Hukum Lingkungan dan English for Environment bagi Siswa SDN 4 Ubung: Pengabdian Made Subur; I Nyoman Kardana; I Wayan Wesna Astara; Meysia Rahmadani Palayukan; I Nyoman Gede Santra Putra Waysnawa
Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan Volume 5 Nomor 1 (Juli 2026 -
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jerkin.v5i1.7673

Abstract

Krisis lingkungan yang semakin nyata di wilayah perkotaan menuntut penguatan kesadaran ekologis sejak usia sekolah dasar, namun pendidikan lingkungan di sekolah masih bersifat teoretis dan jarang dikaitkan dengan aspek legalitas maupun kemampuan berkomunikasi lintas bahasa. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan siswa SDN 4 Ubung melalui program Eco-Guardian Project yang memadukan literasi hukum lingkungan berbasis Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2008 tentang Pengelolaan Sampah dengan pembelajaran bahasa Inggris kontekstual bertema lingkungan (English for Environment) menggunakan pendekatan Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL). Kegiatan dilaksanakan melalui empat tahap, yaitu pengenalan konsep eco-legal melalui storytelling dan pengayaan kosakata lingkungan, simulasi Mock Green Court dan latihan Eco-Action Phrases, penyusunan Konstitusi Hijau sekolah beserta kampanye dwibahasa, serta pelantikan duta lingkungan (Eco-Guardians). Metode pelaksanaan menggabungkan ceramah interaktif, simulasi peran, pendampingan kelompok, dan penugasan proyek, dengan pelibatan mahasiswa sebagai asisten lapangan dalam skema rekognisi SKS MBKM. Hasil rancangan menunjukkan bahwa integrasi pendekatan hukum dan linguistik berpotensi meningkatkan pemahaman siswa bahwa menjaga lingkungan merupakan tanggung jawab sipil yang berdasar hukum, sekaligus membekali mereka kemampuan menyuarakan isu lingkungan dalam bahasa Inggris.
Co-Authors A.A.Gde Oka Wisnumurti Agus Darma Yoga Pratama Alma Cita Calimbo Anak Agung Gede Oka Wisnumurti Desak Ketut Tristiana Sukmadewi Dessy Lina Oktaviani Suendra Dewi, A.A Sagung Laksmi Diah Gayatri Sudibya Diah Gayatri Sudibya Dian Tariningsih Dian Tariningsih I Gede Cahya Widiangga I Gusti Agus Maha Putra Sanjaya I Gusti Made Agung Satria Putra I Kadek Angga I Ketut Irianto I Ketut Irianto I Ketut Irianto I Ketut Irianto I Ketut Selamet I Ketut Sukadana I Made Aditya Mantara Putra I Made Arjaya I Made Artawan I Made Mardika I Made Minggu Widyantara I Made Pria Dharsana, I Made Pria I Made Sepud I Made Suniasta Amertha I Made Suwitra I Made Suwitra I Made Suwitra I Made Suwitra I Made Suwitra, I Made I Nyoman Alit Puspadma I Nyoman Budiartha I Nyoman Gede Santra Putra Waysnawa I Nyoman Gede Sugiarta I Nyoman Gede Sugiartha I Nyoman Kardana I Nyoman Kardana I Nyoman Putu Budiartha I Nyoman Putu Budiartha I Nyoman Putu Budiartha I Nyoman Subamia I Nyoman Sujana I Nyoman Sumardika I Nyoman Sutama I Nyoman Sutapa I Putu Arik Sanjaya I Putu Gede Seputra I Putu Sumardika I Wayan Arthanaya I Wayan Arthanaya I Wayan Budiarta I Wayan Budiarta I Wayan Parwata I Wayan Parwata I Wayan Rideng Ida Bagus Agung Putra Santika Ida Bagus Dalem Try Utama Manuaba Ida Bagus Nyoman Trisya Andika Johannes Ibrahim Kosasih Kadek Teddy Hendrawan Komang Tri Putri Andriastuti Kuntayuni Lilik Antarini Luh Kade Datrini Luh Kadek Budi Martini Luh Made Mahendrawati Luh Putu Sudini M. Ngurah Yogie Khrsna Made Bagoes Wiranegara Wesna Made Rai Diascitta Hardi Sentana Made Setiasa Made Subur Meysia Rahmadani Palayukan Mulyawati, Kade Richa Naori Miyazawa Ni Kadek Lia Listia Dewi Ni Komang Ayu Febriyanti Ni Luh Made Mahendra Wati Ni Putu Diah Kurniawandari Ni Putu Santya Dewi Ni Putu Sawitri Nandari Ni Putu Yuni Purnamawati Ni Wayan Arni Sardi NP Budiartha Nyoman Putu Budiartha Putu Ayu Sriasih Wesna Putu Budiartha, I Nyoman Putu Suryani . Simon Nahak Simon Nahak suryawan, Gusti Bagus Tanjung Subrata widia, ketut Widiati, Ida Ayu Putu Wijaya, I Kadek Merta Yasa, Putu Ngurah Suyatna Yohanes I Wayan Suryadi