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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL (BMJ) Jurnal Ilmu dan Kesehatan Hewan Buletin Udayana Mengabdi INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Indonesia Medicus Veterinus Bumi Lestari Medical Journal of Indonesia Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner Journal of Global Pharma Technology Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Neurona Jurnal Medika Veterinaria

I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika

Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Author-ID : 2925640

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Veterinary

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Waterfowl potential as resevoirs of high pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses R Susanti; R.D Soejoedono; I-G.N.K Mahardika; I-W.T Wibawan; M.T Suhartono
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 12, No 2 (2007): JUNE 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

The high population of waterfowl subsequently with the high case fatality of poultry and people in West Java regency caused by HPAI H5N1 can raise possibility that waterfowl was a natural reservoir. This research aimed to prove that waterfowl in West Java served as reservoir of AI virus (primarily H5N1) and also identify the virus pathotype based on cleavage site of amino acid sequence. Cloacal swab sample was obtained from healthy and unvaccinated waterfowl from Sukabumi and Bogor Regency. Cloacal swab was propagated in 9 days old embryonic chicken eggs. Allantoic fluid was harvested at the 4th day of incubation and then tested for hemagglutination, and positive isolate continued with virus sub-typing using PCR method. H5 gene from H5N1 isolate then sequenced using dideoxy termination method. Multiple alignment of nucleotide sequences were analysed using MEGA-3.1 program. Sub-typing using PCR method indicated the existence of 25 strain H5N1, 16 strain HxN1, 4 strain H5Nx and 9 virus ND. Characterization of cleavage site amino acid sequence indicated that all H5N1 sample were pathogenic with sequence QRERRRKKR (23 sample) dan QRESRRKKR (2 sample). Waterfowl was HPAI H5N1 virus reservoir. Asymptomatic infection in waterfowl, but the virus shedding gradually occurred and therefore it became potential source of H5N1 virus infection. Our findings suggest that immediate action is needed to prevent the transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses from the apparently healthy waterfowl into terrestrial poultry or human. Key Words: HPAI, H5N1, Reservoir, Water Fowl

Virulensi Virus Newcastle Disease Isolat Lapang Berdasarkan Analisis Bioinformatika Gen Protein Hemaglutinin - Neuraminidase Fedry Rell; Anak Agung Mirah Adi; I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika
Veterinary Science and Medicine Journal Vol 3 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Udayana University

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Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is very contagious disease agent, and causes many outbreaks trough out thecountry of Indonesia. This study was conducted to determine the virulence of Bali field isolate of NDVbased on haemaglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein genes. Four field isolates from different locationswere propagated at fertilized chicken eggs of 9 days old. Allantoic fluid was harvested and NDV wasconfirmed using standard haemaglutination (HA) and haemaglutination inhibition test (HI) methods. Thefragment of HN protein gene was amplified using RT-PCR. The product was sequenced using Big-Dyetermination method. All four isolates grew well with the titer of 2[5]-2[9] HA unit and could be confirmedusing HI test. The HN genes, however, exhibited variations at its 3-D structure and hydrophobicity betweenthe virus that previously circulated in Indonesia and vaccine virus. It is concluded that all four Bali’sisolates under this study are virulent VND of the genotype VII. Further testing is needed to justify the bestformula of NDV vaccine to be used trough out Indonesia.

Dinamika Seroprevalensi Virus Avian Influenza H5 pada Itik di Pasar Unggas Beringkit dan Galiran I Gusti Ngurah Narendra Putra; Ni Made Ritha Krisna Dewi2; I Nyoman Suartha; I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika
Veterinary Science and Medicine Journal Vol 1 No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Udayana University

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Live Bird Market (LBM) has a high potential for spreading Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) between fowls or from fowl to human. Up to now, a dinamic of avian flue incidents at many LBMs in Bali has not been reported. This research aimed to reveal a dynamic of seroprevalences of avian influenza in ducks at Beringkit (Badung) and Galiran (Kelungkung) LBMs. A total of 35 duck blood samples was collected from each of LBMs. Sampling was conducted monthly from March to August, 2012 . AIV antibody of duck serum was measured using Rapid Hemagglutination Inhibition (Rapid HI) test. Seroprevalence differences were analyzes with Chi-square (?2) Nonparametric statistical test. The results showed that seroprevalences of AIV H5 in ducks at Beringkit and Galiran LBMs were very high, ranged from 68.6% to 100% and 65.7% to 97.1% respectively. A Dynamic of AIV H5 seroprevalences in ducks at Beringkit and Galiran LBM had a similar pattern, except in July 2012. This indicates that VAI H5 has been circulating for a long time and has been to be an endemic virus infection in ducks at LBMs in Bali. It can be suggested that an Avian Influenza Virus monitoring should be done continuously over a long period.

Seroprevalensi Infeksi Virus Newcastle Disease dan Deteksi Paramyxovirus Pada Itik di Peternakan dan Pasar Unggas di Bali I GBA Purwanda; I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika; Gusti Ayu Yuniati Kencana
Veterinary Science and Medicine Journal Vol 3 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Udayana University

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Seroprevalence of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) infection and the presence of paramyxovirus on ducksat the farmland and the poultry market in Bali have not been known. The purpose of this study was todetermine the comparison of seroprevalence of NDV infection and the presence of paramyxovirus on duckat farmlands and poultry markets in Bali. Locations sampled were Gelgel, Tojan, Akah, Takmung, Tusanvillages in Klungkung Regency, as well as Mengwi, Mengwitani, Lukluk, Sangeh, and Blahkiuh villages ofBadung Regency. The poultry market samples were Galiran of Klungkung Regency, and Bringkit ofBadung Regency. Serum samples and cloacal-tracheal swabs were taken using stratified-random samplingfrom adult ducks of both markets and farmland that had more than 500 individuals in a flock. Samplingwas carried out every month for 6 months. Antibody against NDV was detected with InhibitionHaemagglutination test (HI). Tracheal and cloacal swabs were propagated in fertile chicken eggs of 9-11days old. Paramyxovirus was detected by the haemagglutination (HA) test and Reverse TranscriptasePolymeraseChain Reaction (RT-PCR). The correlation between NDV seroprevalences at farmland andpoultry markets was analyzed using non-parametric test of Chi-square. The results showed that theseroprevalence of NDV on March until August 2012 reached 45% on farmlands in both regencies, while inthe markets were up to 32.6%. There was no correlation between NDV seroprevalence at farmlands andpoultry markets in the two regencies (r = 0.522, P> 0.05). The paramyxoviruses detected were APMV-5and APMV-8, while NDV was not found.

PEMBINAAN KELOMPOK TANI DENGAN PENYULUHAN PENINGKATAN KESEHATAN TERNAK SAPI DAN PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH TERNAK MENJADI KOMPOS G.A.Y. Kencana; I.G.N.K. Mahardika Mahardika; I.N.M. Astawa; I.B.K. Suardana; I.N. Suartha; I.A.P. Apsari; A.A.S. Kendran; S.K. Widyastuti; G.A.M.K. Dewi; I.P. Sudiarta
Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Vol 20 No 1 (2021): Buletin Udayana Mengabdi
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat

Pengabdian Masyarakat berjudul: "Pembinaan Kelompok Tani Niti Sari Desa Baturiti, Kecamatan Baturiti” merupakan salah satu Hibah Program Udayana Untuk Masyarakat (PUMA). Tujuan pengabdian ini untuk memberikan pembinaan kepada Kelompok Tani Niti Sari tentang cara meningkatkan kesehatan sapi dan memanfaatkan limbah pertanian menjadi kompos organik plus. Metode yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut diawali dengan memberikan penyuluhan kepada anggota Kelompok Tani Niti sari, selanjutnya didukung dengan praktek langsung di lapangan. Penyuluhan yang diberikan meliputi: Penyuluhan kesehatan sapi, penyuluhan kesehatan reproduksi sapi, penyuluhan teknologi tepat guna pertanian dengan memanfaatkan limbah pertanian menggunakan jamur Trichoderma untuk dibuat kompos plus. Kompos plus Trichoderma yang dihasilkan dalam pembinaan ini diharapkan dapat mengatasi permasalahan penyakit tanaman kubis milik petani Niti Sari. Penyuluhan sudah dilaksanakan tanggal 05 Juli 2019 diawali pertemuan dengan Kepala Desa Baturiti, dengan Kelompok Tani Niti Sari dan dilanjutkan dengan pembinaan Kelompok Tani. Kegiatan penyuluhan dibuka oleh Camat Baturiti, Ketua LPPM Unud, Tripika Kecamatan Baturiti, Kepala Desa beserta aparat Desa, Kelompok Tani Niti Sari dan Kelompok Tani se Desa Baturiti dan Banjar Tamantanda. Dengan demikian diharapkan Kelompok Tani Niti Sari dan Kelompok Tani disekitarnya mampu menyerap alih teknologi yang diajarkan oleh Tim Pengabdi dari Universitas Udayana.

Penerapan Teknologi Reproduksi untuk Mempertahankan Ketersediaan Ayam Upakara di Bali I N. Suartha; I W Bebas; I. G.N.K. Mahardika
Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Vol 15 No 1 (2016): Jurnal Udayana Mengabdi
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat

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Chicken is important part in Balinese Hindu ceremony. Chicken were used as ceremony are chicken with black feather (siap selem), red feather (siap biing), white feather (siap putih) that a white feather chicken with white colour feet, yellow feather (siap putih siungan), that a white feather chicken with yellow colour feet, and chicken with mixed colour of those four colour (siap brumbun). Limitations of technology owned by community makes the chicken’s breeding doesn’t provide economic added value. The purpose of this service is to provide innovation of artificial insemination technology of chicken production for ceremony. The Innovation is given through counseling and workshops . The results showed that people knowledge about disease and breeding management was increased. The farmer have been able to do artificial insemination and vaccination in chicken. The participant were very enthusiastic in following the activities and understand the disease and how to prevent diseases in chickens. These skills are need to trained constantly to find the comfortable thechnique. The conclusions is farmers have been able to perform artificial insemination in chicken.

STRUKTUR GENETIK DAN FILOGENI YELLOWFIN TUNA (THUNNUS ALBACARES) BERDASARKAN SEKUEN DNA MITKONDRIA CONTROL REGION SITOKROM OKSIDASE I PADA DIVERSITAS ZONE BIOGEOGRAFI I Made Sara Wijana; I Gusti Ngurah Mahardika
Bumi Lestari Journal of Environment Vol 10 No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Environmental Research Center (PPLH) of Udayana University

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Genetic structure and phylogeni of 37 sequences control region DNA mitochondrial cytocrome oxidase I of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacores) have been downloaded from GeneBank and analised using Maximum Likehood (ML), Pairwise Genetic Distance and Bootstrapping Phylogeni Model of Kimura 2 Parameter. The result shows that the corrected value of the data was 5,5% and the mean of genetic distances was 3,7 %, where the shortest distance was 0.0% and the longest was 5%. The genetic distances with the out group (Thunnus obesus) ranged between 7,8 % â€“ 9,8 % and with the Thunnus thynus ranged between 10,4% â€“ 12,5%. The value of bootstrap phylogeny of 37 sequences of yellowfin tuna was less than 50%. All those results shows that there was no significant genetic differences of 34 samples sourced from Philipines and 3 from Spain based on sequence region DNA mitochondrial cytocrome oxidase I.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Transcription Factor 7-LIKE 2 Gene Expressed Different MRNA Isoforms in the Peripheral Blood Made Ratna Saraswati; I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika; Ketut Suastika; Sukma Oktavianthi; Herawati Sudoyo; Safarina G. Malik
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 07: (2018) July 2018
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Background: Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of the Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 (TCF7L2) diabetes susceptibility gene were located in the noncoding region. Intronic SNP may play a role in mRNA splicing. This study aimed to elucidate whether SNPs of the TCF7L2 gene expressed different mRNA isoforms in the peripheral blood. Methods: Across sectional study was conducted in Legian Bali. A total of 56 subjects were grouped into carrier of TCF7L2SNPs (28 Balinese age 30-74 years,eitherheterozygote or mutant of the rs12255372 SNP [GT or TT], rs7903146 [CT or TT], and rs10885406 [AG or GG])and wild-type of TCF7L2 (28 matched in age and sex Balinese,rs12255372 [GG], rs7903146 [CC], and rs10885406 [AA])which has been identified in the previous study.In this study, the mRNA isolation was done using LS Trizol reagent (Nitrogen®) and variants of the mRNA isoform in the TCF7L2 gene was identified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method, using two pairs of overlapping primer.The first primer PCR products were grouped into Group-A, Group-B, Group-C and Group-D. The second primer PCR products were grouped into Group-a, Group-b, Group-c and Group-d. Oral glucose tolerant test (OGTT) was done to both groups.Blood samples were taken during fasting, at 1 hour and 2 hours after the oralglucose load, for blood glucose, and insulin level measurement. Results: There were seven pairs of the group combination including group A-a, A-c, A-d, C-a, C-c, C-dand D-c, and group C-c was the most commonly found among all subjects in this study (42.3%). Subjects with diabetes risk allele were 2.66 times more likely to express group C-ccompared to subjects without diabetes risk allele of SNPs in the TCF7L2 gene (95%CI 1.24–5.72 p=0.011). Mean response of insulin increment after oral glucose load among group C-c was higher compared with the non-group C-c, 84.63±41.01 vs. 62.02±38.09ng/ml (mean difference 22.61 95%CI 0.41–44.80 p=0.046). However, blood glucose level, fasting insulin, HOMA %B and HOMA IR were similar between the two groups. Conclusion: Variants of TCF7L2 gene expressed different mRNA isoformsin the peripheral blood.Compared to subjects without diabetes risk allele of SNPs in the TCF7L2 gene, subject with diabetes risk allele expressed dominant variant isoform mRNA 2.66 timeshigher.The higherresponse of insulin increment after oral glucosewas observedin the dominant variant which may reflectthe early condition of insulin resistant.Keywords: Diabetes, SNP TCF7L2, isoforms mRNA.

REVALENSI PORCINE CIRCO VIRUS SECARA SEROLOGIS PADA PETERNAKAN BABI DI BALI I Nyoman Suartha; I Made Suma Anthara; Wayan Wirata; Ni Made Ritha Krisna Dewi; I Gusti Ngurah Narendra; I Gusti Ngurah Mahardika
Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Vol 9, No 1 (2015): March
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui seroepidemiologi infeksi porcine circo virus (PCV-2) dua pada peternakan babi di Bali. Pada penelitian ini sampel yang dianalisis sebanyak 295 sampel. Sampel berasal dari peternakan babi rakyat sebanyak 98 dan dari peternakan babi intensif sebanyak 197. Sampel berasal dari delapan kabupaten dari sembilan kabupaten yang ada di Bali. Deteksi antibodi dilaksanakan dengan uji enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) dan deteksi virus dilakukan dengan polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seroprevalensi antibodi anti-PCV-2 adalah 84,1%, dengan sebaran di peternakan rakyat dan peternakan intensif masingmasing sebesar 70,4 dan 91,2%. Semua peternakan babi intensif menunjukkan antibodi positif. Prevalensi virus PCV-2 di seluruh Bali sebesar 1,7% dengan sebaran pada peternakan rakyat peternakan intensif masing-masing sebesar 3,1 dan 1,0%. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa infeksi PCV-2 pada peternakan babi di Bali bersifat endemis.

PEMILIHAN ADJUVANT PADA VAKSIN AVIAN INFLUENZA I Nyoman Suartha; I Wayan Teguh Wibawan; I Gusti Ngurah Narendra Putra; Ni Made Ritha Krisna Dewi; I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika
Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Vol 5, No 2 (2011): September
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan respon antibodi yang ditimbulkan oleh vaksin AI dengan seed virus AI H5N1 Indonesia yang dicampur dengan adjuvant berbeda. Formula vaksin yang dicobakan pada penelitian ini adalah monovalen dan polivalen. Tiga isolat virus HPAI subtipe H5N1 yang digunakan adalah Chicken/Denpasar/Unud-01/2004, Chicken/Klungkung/Unud-12/2006, dan Chicken/Jembrana/Unud-17/2006. Adjuvant yang digunakan yaitu Freund's complete dan incomplete adjuvant, aluminium hidroksida, dan immunostimulating complexs (Iscoms). Vaksin monovalen dibuat dengan cara masing-masing isolat virus AI yang telah diinaktivasi dicampur dengan masing-masing adjuvant. Vaksin campuran (polivalen) dibuat dengan mencampur ketiga isolat dengan masing-masing adjuvant. Vaksin disuntikkan secara subkutan pada ayam layer jenis Isa Brown umur 3 minggu dan diulang pada umur ayam 5 minggu masing-masing sebanyak 0,5 ml/ekor. Pengambilan serum untuk pengujian titer antibodi dilakukan setiap 1 minggu setelah vaksinasi. Pengujian antibodi poliklonal dilakukan dengan uji hambatan hemaglutinasi (HI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ayam percobaan yang divaksinasi dengan adjuvant aluminium hidroksida mempunyai GMT anti-H5 paling tinggi baik pada vaksin monvalen atau polivalen. Adjuvant aluminium hidroksida adalah adjuvant terbaik untuk pembentukan antibodi anti-AI subtipe H5N1 pada ayam.

Co-Authors Agik Suprayogi Agus Eka Darwinata Amelia, Ni Kadek Shita Anak Agung Ayu Mirah Adi Anak Agung Gde Oka Dharmayudha Anak Agung Gde Putra ANAK AGUNG NGURAH GEDE DWINA WISESA ANAK AGUNG NGURAH OKA PUJAWAN Anak Agung Sagung Istri Pradnyantari Anak Agung Sagung Kendran Andi Bahtiar Batti Anita Dwi Handayani Bambang Sumiarto Bhaskara, Audrey Febiannya Putri Brigita Galilea Adu Charles Rangga Tabbu Daud Steven Triyomi Hariyanto Dewi, Putu Bulan Sasmita DWI SURYANTO Estry Gusnita Damanik F. S. Wignall Fakhrurrasi Fakhri Fedri Rell G.A.M.K. Dewi Ghina Monita Pramudhita Gusti Ayu Dianti Violentina Gusti Ayu Mayani Kristina Dewi Gusti Ayu Yuniati Kencana Gusti Ngurah Narendra Putra Helen Scott-Orr Herawati Sudoyo Heru Susetya I Dewa Made Sukrama I GBA Purwanda I Gede Eka Chandrawan I Gusti Agung Ayu Suartini I Gusti Kamasan Nyoman Arijana I Gusti Ketut Suarjana I Gusti Ketut Suarjana I Gusti Made Krisna Erawan I Gusti Ngurah Badiwangsa Temaja I GUSTI NGURAH DIBYA PRASETYA I Gusti Ngurah Narendra I Gusti Ngurah Narendra Putra I Gusti Ngurah Narendra Putra I Gusti Ngurah Narendra Putra I Gusti Ngurah Narendra Putra1, I K. Suata I KADEK SAKA WIRYANA I Ketut Berata I Made Bagus Arya Permana Ardiana Putra I Made Kardena I Made Sara Wijana I Made Sukada I MADE SUMA ANTARA I Made Suma Anthara I Nengah Kerta Besung I Nengah Kerta Besung i Nengah Wandia I NYOMAN ADI SURATMA I Nyoman Dibia I NYOMAN MANTIK ASTAWA I Nyoman Suartha I Putu Sudiarta I Wayan Bebas I Wayan Gorda I Wayan Masa Tenaya I wayan Teguh Wibawan I Wayan Wirata I-W.T Wibawan I. B. P. Dwija I. K. Suastika I.A.P. Apsari I.B. Oka Suyasa I.B.K. Suardana Ida Ayu Pasti Apsari Ida Ayu Sri Candra Dewi Ida Ayu Sri Chandra Dewi Ida Bagus Kade Suardana Ida Bagus Komang Ardana Ida Bagus Oka Winaya Indrawati Sendow Inna Narayani K. Subrata K. Wirasandhi Kadek Karang Agustina Kadek Satria Adi Marhendra Ketut Tuti Parwati Merati Ketut Wella Mellisandy Lies Parede Luh Made Sudimartini Lusiana Lasmari Siahaan M.T Suhartono MADE PHARMAWATI MADE RATNA SARASWATI . Made Suma Anthara Maggy Thenawidjaja Suhartono Martien Herna Susanti Melkias Oagay Melkias Oagay Messy Saputri Boru Sembiring N. K. Susilarini N. Sri Budiyanti Nareswari, Ayu Widya Ni Ketut Dias Nursanty Ni Ketut Suwiti Ni Komang Eka Agustiani Ni Luh Made Ika Yulita Sari Hadiprata Ni Luh Putu Agustini Ni Luh Watiniasih Ni Luh Wayan Yulia Mirayanti Ni Made Adi Tarini Ni Made Krisna Dewi Ni Made Rita Krisna Dewi Ni Made Ritha Krisna Dewi Ni Made Ritha Krisna Dewi Ni Made Ritha Krisna Dewi Ni Made Ritha Krisna Dewi2 Ni Made Susilawathi Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati Ni Nyoman Sri Budayanti Ni Putu Dian Pertiwi Ni Putu Sriwidyani Nyoman Anandiya Ramaditya Oktryna Hodesi Sibarani Pieter Mbolo Maranata Pipit Dwi Pramesti Pramitasuri, Tjokorda Istri Putri Wiliantari Putu Mei Purnama Dewi R Susanti R.D Soejoedono Raka-Sudewi A. A. Rd Soejoedono Retno Damajanti Soejoedono S Murtini S.K. Widyastuti Safarina G. Malik Sayu Raka Padma Wulan Sari, Sayu Raka Padma Wulan Sri Kayati Widyastuti sri murtini . Sukma Oktavianthi Susilawathi, Ni Made Tania Ria Gunawan TJOK GEDE OKA PEMAYUN Tjokorda Sari Nindhia TRI KOMALA SARI Wibawan IWT Widya Asmara Yan Ramona Yosaphat L.S Kote

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