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Identification of Bacteria Caused Bacterial Wilt Disease in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Taman Tanda Village, Tabanan, Bali I Komang Adi Widyastama; Retno Kawuri; Made Pharmawati
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 10 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Salah satu masalah utama pada budidaya tanaman kentang di Desa Taman Tanda adalah serangan penyakit layu bakteri yang disebabkan oleh patogen bakteri. Penyebab layu bakteri adalah bakteri dari famili Ralstoniaceae. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi bakter penyebab layu bakteri pada tanaman kentang di Desa Taman Tanda, Tabanan, Bali. Metode identifikasi diawali dengan isolasi patogen dari tanaman kentang yang sakit di lapangan menggunakan media selektif Ralstonia casein peptone glukose. Koloni yang tumbuh pada media selektif kemudian dikarakterisasi morfologi dan biokimia. Patogenitas dari patogen diuji dengan menginokulasi patogen pada tanaman kentang berumur 30 hari di rumah kaca. Tanaman kentang yang menunjukkan gejala layu bakteri seperti layu kering pada daun dan batang tanaman dikonfirmasi sebagai Ralstonia sp. Isolat patogen kemudian diekstrak 16S rRNA dan diamplifikasi dengan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) menggunakan primer U1 forward dan reverse. Sekuensing 16S rRNA dilakukan satu arah dengan mengirim DNA ke PT. Genetika Science, Jakarta. Hasil sekuensing kemudian dianalisis BLASTN dengan membandingkan pusat data di GenBank. Analisis BLASTN menunjukkan isolat patogen teridentifikasi sebagai Ralstonia solanacearum strain K60-1 dengan kemiripan 100%. Dendogram dari isolat patogen dibuat dengan metode neighbor joining tree 1000 kali bootstrap. Berdasarkan identifikasi morfologi, biokimia, Postulat Koch, dan molekuler bakteri penyebab layu bakteri pada tanaman kentang di Desa Taman Tanda, Tabanan, Bali teridentifikasi sebagai Ralstonia solanacearum.
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY OF MAIDENHAIR FERN GENUS ADIANTUM (PTERIDACEAE) FROM LESSER SUNDA ISLANDS INDONESIA BASED ON RBCL AND TRNL-F Wenni Setyo Lestari; Bayu Adjie; Tassanai Jaruwatanaphan; Yasuyuki Watano; Made Pharmawati
REINWARDTIA Vol 14, No 1 (2014): Vol. 14 No. 1
Publisher : Research Center for Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/reinwardtia.2014.409

Abstract

The Lesser Sunda Islands of Indonesia are composed of small islands scattered from Bali to Timor Island. We analyzed a molecular phylogeny of Adiantum collected from Lesser Sunda Islands to reveal its phylogenetic relationships. A total of 12 species of Adiantum from this region and seven species from Java Island were collected and used in this study. Two cpDNA regions (rbcL and trnL-F) were chosen as markers and phylogenetic analyses were conducted using Neighbour-Joining (NJ) and Maximum Parsimony (MP) methods. The tree topologies reconstructed by NJ and MP from specimens used in this study and other species downloaded from GenBank are congruent in which trees are divided into five major clades. Adiantum species of Lesser Sunda Islands are not monophyletic and comprises three clades, i. e. Clade I composed of A. hispidulum group, Clade III composed of A. peruvianum group and Clade IV or A. caudatum group, each together with extra-Lesser Sunda samples. No sample from Lesser Sunda Islands examined is located in Clade II (A. tenerum group) and V (A. capillus-veneris group).
Optimasi PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) dan Identifikasi Ikan Hiu Muda (Juvenile) dengan Metode DNA Barcoding Zaetuna, Hanifa Laila; Sembiring, Andrianus; Pharmawati, Made
Bumi Lestari Journal of Environment Vol 24 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Environmental Research Center (PPLH) of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843//blje.2024.v24.i02.p01

Abstract

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) adalah suatu teknik sintesis dan amplifikasi DNA secara in-vitro yang digunakan untuk identifikasi hewan, tumbuhan maupun mikroorganisme dengan DNA barcoding. Identifikasi secara molekular menggunakan metode berbasis PCR perlu dilakukan pada ikan hiu muda (juvenile) karena belum terlihatnya karakter kunci untuk identifikasi ke tingkat spesies sehingga identifikasi berbasis morfologi sangat sulit dilakukan. Selain itu, kondisi demikian juga tidak mendukung kelestarian ikan hiu, karena dalam fase ini hiu belum memiliki kesempatan memijah sekali dalam siklus hidupnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kondisi optimal untuk amplifikasi DNA dan mengidentifikasi ikan hiu muda (juvenile) menggunakan metode DNA Barcoding. Amplifikasi dilakukan pada lokus cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) dengan modifikasi temperatur suhu pada tahap annealing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan modifikasi amplifikasi dapat dilakukan dengan penggantian temperatur suhu annealing. Hasil PCR terbaik diperoleh pada suhu annealing 55oC. Hasil identifikasi ikan hiu muda (juvenile) yang didaratkan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) Muncar dengan metode DNA Barcoding pada gen COI adalah Prionace glauca.
Hubungan Kekerabatan Kakatua (Psittaciformes) Berdasarkan Gen Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (COI) secara In-silico Pharmawati, Made; Rosiana, I Wayan
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 5, No 2 (2024): Journal of Natural Sciences Juli
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v5i2.467

Abstract

Cockatoos are member of the order Psittaciformes. Indonesia have eight endemic species of  Cockatoos including : Black Palm Cockatoo (Probosciger aterrimus), Moluccan Cockatoo (Cacatua moluccensis), Tanimbar Cockatoo (Cacatua goffiniana), White Crested Cockatoo (Cacatua alba), Galerita or Triton Cockatoo (Cacatua galerita), Little Corella Cockatoo (Cacatua sanguinea ), Lesser Cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea) and Citroon Cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea citrinocristata). Genetic studies are currently considered an appropriate method for studying species relationships. This research aimed to determine the relationship of endemic Indonesian Cockatoos genus Cacatoa using COI gene in silico. The COI gene sequence for each individual cockatoo was accessed through National Center for Biotechnology (NCBI) data, sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree reconstruction using software mega version 11. The results of the phylogenetic tree reconstruction showed that the Indonesian endemic cockatoogenus Cacatoa were grouped into three clusters. The three clusters were the cluster of C. galerita and C. sulphurea, the cluster of C. goffiniana and C. sanguinea, and the cluster of C. alba and C. moluccensis.
IDENTIFICATION OF ‘TONGKOL’ FISH IN KEDONGANAN FISH MARKET, KUTA, BADUNG DISTRICT, BALI Aziz, Alifya Ibnu; Pharmawati, Made; Watiniasih, Ni Luh
SIMBIOSIS Vol 11 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JSIMBIOSIS.2023.v11.i02.p06

Abstract

‘Tongkol’ fishes are species in the family Scombridae. There are many types of ‘tongkol’ fishes, namely longtail tuna, eastern little tuna, frigate tuna and bullet tuna. Morphologically, ‘tongkol’ species are similar to one another. This can result in errors in recording the production of ‘tongkol’ species. The purpose of this study was to identify ‘tongkol’ species collected from Kedonganan Market, Badung, Bali using the COI (Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I) gene. Two species of ‘tongkol’ fish were purchased from Kedonganan Market, Badung, Bali. DNA isolation was carried out from fish fins using chelex, followed by amplification of the COI gene segment. The PCR products were then electrophoresed and sequenced. DNA sequences were matched to the database using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) found in NCBI. Extraction yielded DNA with a concentration of 5.91 ng/ml with a ratio of A260/A280 = 1.3 for sample 1, while for sample 2 the concentration of DNA was 6.27 ng/ml with a ratio of A260/A280 = 1.33. The resulting PCR product is about 700bp in size. The results of the COI gene sequences had a gene size length of 682 bp for both fish species. BLAST analysis yielded a percent identity of 99.84-100% with eastern little tuna (Euthynnus affinis) and bullet tuna (Auxis rochei).
Perancangan Aplikasi Media Interaktif berbasis Mobile sebagai Pengenalan Artefak Museum Putera, I Kadek Aridena; Ardyanti, Anak Agung Ayu Putri; Fredlina, Ketut Queena; Sujarwo, Wawan; Satwika, I Putu; Pharmawati, Made
ANDHARUPA: Jurnal Desain Komunikasi Visual & Multimedia Vol. 6 No. 01 (2020): February 2020
Publisher : Dian Nuswantoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33633/andharupa.v6i1.2794

Abstract

AbstrakMuseum merupakan tempat untuk melihat informasi, koleksi benda, dan peristiwa-peristiwa dari masa lalu. Museum Panca Yadnya menjadi salah satu museum yang menyimpan artefak kebudayaan di Bali. Saat ini museum tidak dibuka untuk umum karena masih minimnya petugas yang berjaga. Sehingga perlu adanya akses informasi bagi masyarakat umum agar mengetahui koleksi artefak yang ada di museum mengingat pentingnya nilai artefak yang dimiliki museum Panca Yadnya. Melalui pemanfaatan teknologi dengan perancangan aplikasi media interaktif, informasi tentang museum dan koleksinya tetap dapat diakses oleh masyarakat dengan lebih mudah dan lebih menyenangkan. Pembuatan aplikasi dilakukan menggunakan Construct 2 dan dirancang menggunakan metode pengembangan multimedia Luther-Sutopo dengan tambahan tahap maintenance. Aplikasi dibuat dalam bentuk media interaktif yang berguna untuk menampilkan dan memberikan penjelasan tentang informasi dari koleksi yang terdapat pada museum dengan lisan maupun tulisan melalui smartphone. Sampai dengan tahap akhir, aplikasi dapat berjalan dengan baik dan mampu memberikan informasi sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Kata Kunci: aplikasi, artefak, media interaktif, museum AbstractA museum is a place to see a piece of information, a collection of valuable objects,   and past events. The Panca Yadnya Museum is one of the museums that store cultural artifacts in Bali. At the moment, the museum is not open to the public due to the lack of officers on duty, so it needs information access to the public so that the public could recognize the artifact collection on the museum, considering the important value of the artifact owned by the Panca Yadnya museum. By utilization technology with design application interactive media, information about the museum and the collection could still be accessed by the public more easily and more enjoyable. The build of an application is done by using Construct 2 and designed using the multimedia Luther-Sutopo method with the additional maintenance step. Application is made in the form of interactive media that is useful for displaying and providing explanations about information from collections that were contained in the museum using verbal nor writing via smartphone. Until the final step, the application can run well and be able to provide information as expected.  Keywords: application, artifact, interactive media, museum
Karakteristik Pencernaan Makanan Fermentasi oleh Bakteri Asam Laktat dan Manfaatnya Bagi Kesehatan Wijaya, Putu Austin Widyasari; Pharmawati, Made; Gde Evayanti, Luh
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan (ITEPA) Vol 13 No 2 (2024): Jurnal ITEPA
Publisher : Study Program of Food Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/itepa.2024.v13.i02.p12

Abstract

Nowadays fermented foods are increasingly consumed by the public. Fermentation is a food processing process by breaking down organic compounds carried out by microorganisms, especially lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Various types of LAB-fermented foods comes both from local and foreign countries such as kefir; dairy product such as yogurt, and cheese; plant-based food such as sauerkraut, kimchi, pickles, fermented cassava, and tempe. This type of food is believed to have various health benefits such as improving digestive health through maintaining control of pathogenic intestinal microflora, helping the absorption of certain nutrients, and improving the immune system. Previous studies have shown that fermented foods affect the absorption of protein and minerals (iron, zinc). Some study has shown that exopolysaccharides (EPS) from LAB has an antioxidant effect. Therefore, this review study aims to determine the absorption characteristics of nutrients from LAB fermented foods and how they affect digestive health.
Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Phyllanthus niruri L. Leaf Extract: In Vitro Study on RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells and In Silico Analysis Intan Wiratmini, Ngurah; Pharmawati, Made; Sukmaningsih, Anak Agung Sagung Alit; Joko Raharjo, Sentot; Widowati, Wahyu
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 2 (2025): March 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.2.287-299

Abstract

Phyllanthus niruri L. is a medicinal plant recognized for its wide range of therapeutic benefits, particularly its anti-inflammatory properties. This research focused on assessing the impact of P. niruri leaf extract on pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro using RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, analyze its phytochemical composition, and validate its potential anti-inflammatory mechanisms through molecular docking studies. The extract was analyzed for its phytochemical composition using LC-MS, revealing the presence of sesquiterpene glycosides, flavonoid glycosides, and tannins among the identified compounds. Cell viability tests showed that the extract was not toxic to the cells at concentrations up to 50 µg/ml. Treatment with the extract significantly reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells, with the most effective concentration being 50 µg/ml. Molecular docking studies further supported the anti-inflammatory potential of the extract by demonstrating its ability to inhibit COX-2 and TNF-alpha. These findings suggest that P. niruri leaf extract has promising anti-inflammatory properties and needs further investigation as a potential treatment for inflammatory diseases. The in silico study provided insights into the molecular interactions between the extract's compounds and inflammatory targets, supporting its anti-inflammatory mechanism of action.
KERAGAMAN SAYUR DI PASAR TRADISIONAL DAN SUPERMARKET DI DENPASAR, BALI Pharmawati, Made; Maharani, Rai Janaki
INDIGENOUS BIOLOGI : JURNAL PENDIDIKAN DAN SAINS BIOLOGI Vol 7 No 3 (2024): INDIGENOUS BIOLOGI : JURNAL PENDIDIKAN DAN SAINS BIOLOGI
Publisher : Prodi Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Universitas Kristen Artha Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33323/indigenous.v7i3.571

Abstract

Abstrak Sayur adalah komponen penting dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi manusia. Sayuran menyediakan serat, vitamin, mineral, dan antioksidan, sehingga bermanfaat bagi kesehatan manusia. Indonesia, dengan keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi, memiliki banyak jenis tanaman sayur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi keragaman jenis dan komposisi tanaman sayur segar yang dijual di dua pasar tradisional yaitu PasarAdat Ubung dan Pasar Sanglah serta satu supermarket yaitu Bintang Supermarket di Denpasar, Bali. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mencatat sayuran segar, biji-bijian telah berkecambah, bumbu daun yang dimakan dan buah muda yang dapat diolah menjadi sayur. Terdapat total 70 jenis sayuran yang terbagi dalam 43 jenis sayuran di Pasar Adat Ubung dan Pasar Sanglah, sedangkan di Bintang Supermarket terdapat 68 jenis sayuran. Tujuhpuluh jenis sayuran tersebut termasuk ke dalam 22 suku dengan suku Brassicaceae memiliki jenis tertinggi yaitu 12 jenis. Terdapat 10 suku yang hanya terdiri dari satu jenis sayuran yaitu Alismataceae, Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae, Asphodeloideae, Athyriaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Gnetaceae, Moraceae, Plantaginaceae dan Sphenocleaceae. Analisis kesamaan menggunakan indeks similaritas Jaccard menunjukkan bahwa Pasar Ubung dan Pasar Sanglah berada pada satu kelompok dengan indeks kesamaan 1, sedangkan Bintang Supermarket berada pada kelompok berbeda. Indeks kesamaan sayuran antara Pasar Ubung dan Pasar Sanglah dengan Bintang Supermarket sekitar 0.59 Kata kunci: Bali, Indeks similaritas, inventarisasi, pasar, sayur Abstract Vegetables are an important component in meeting human nutritional needs. They provide fiber, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, which are beneficial for human health. Indonesia, with its high biodiversity, has many types of vegetable plants. This study aimed to inventory the diversity of types and compositions of fresh vegetable plants sold in two traditional markets, namely Pasar Adat Ubung and Pasar Sanglah, and one supermarket, Bintang Supermarket, in Denpasar, Bali. The study was conducted by recording fresh vegetables, germinated grains, edible leaf spices, and young fruits that can be processed into vegetables. There were a total of 70 types of vegetables, divided into 43 types in Pasar Adat Ubung and Pasar Sanglah, while in Bintang Supermarket there were 68 types of vegetables. The seventy types of vegetables belong to 22 tribes, with the Brassicaceae tribe having the highest number of types, namely 12 types. There were 10 tribes that consisted of only one type of vegetable, namely Alismataceae, Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae, Asphodeloideae, Athyriaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Gnetaceae, Moraceae, Plantaginaceae, and Sphenocleaceae. Similarity analysis using the Jaccard similarity index showed that Pasar Ubung and Pasar Sanglah were in one group with a similarity index of 1, while Bintang Supermarket was in a different group. The similarity index of vegetables between Pasar Ubung and Pasar Sanglah with Bintang Supermarket was around 0.59. Keywords: Bali, Similarity index, inventory, market, vegetables
REVIEW OF THE USE OF DNA BARCODING IN AVIFAUNA RESEARCH: CONSERVATION, AUTHENTIFICATION, AND DISEASE DETECTION I Wayan Rosiana; Made Pharmawati; I Made Murna; Putu Angga Wiradana; Ni Wayan Ayu Wiartini; Fransiskus Jimmy Roga
Jurnal Biosains Pascasarjana Vol. 27 No. 1 (2025): JURNAL BIOSAINS PASCASARJANA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbp.v27i1.2025.10-17

Abstract

DNA barcoding is an effective tool for identifying species, with additional uses for measuring molecular diversity, authentication of illegal products, and early detection of disease types. In this review, we discussed the use of DNA barcoding for Avifauna research, that is known to have an important impact on environmental health. The existence of Avifauna is threatened with extinction due to human anthropogenic activities. This review starts by providing a general overview of DNA barcoding, focusing on its application in Avifauna research, metabarcoding, as a tool in detecting food samples from the Avifauna, tracking enandgered and protected exotic birds, and tracking avifauna diseases. This review concludes with definitive statements and challenges regarding the use of DNA barcoding, especially in regions with high levels of avifauna diversity. This review can contribute to a better understanding of DNA barcoding and its potential in managing Avifauna genetic resources in the wild and conservation institutions.
Co-Authors A. A. Putri Ardyanti A.A.S. A. Sukmaningsih Agriani Dewinta Anak Agung Ayu Putri Ardyanti Anak Agung Gde Raka Dalem Andi Bahtiar Batti Andrianus Sembiring, Andrianus Aziz, Alifya Ibnu Bayu Adjie Bayu Adjie Bayu Adjie Bram Setyadji Deny Suhermawan Yusup Dian Catur Prayantini Dwi Nur Rikhma Sari Eka Fibayani Imaniar Eka Fibayani Imaniar Ema Hendriyani Fransiska Nitti Fransiskus Jimmy Roga Gde Evayanti, Luh GUIJUN YAN Gusti Ayu Putri Arnila I Gde Suryadi I Gede Putu Ardhana I Gusti Agung Eka Saraswati I Gusti Ayu Agung Pradnya Paramitha I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika I Ketut Catur Wiguna I Ketut Junitha I Ketut Suada I Komang Adi Widyastama I MADE AGUS WIARTANA I Made Anom Sutrisna Wijaya I Made Murna I Putu Agus Tirta Cahyana I Putu Satwika I Wayan Arnata I Wayan Rosiana I. Setyawati I.G.A.S. Wahyuni I.M.A.S. Wijaya IAN JAMES MACFARLANE IDA AYU ASTARINI Ida Ayu Ratih Purnama Dewi Imaniar, Eka Fibayani Indah Tria Hoky Inna Narayani IRIANI SETYAWATI Joko Raharjo, Sentot Junita Hardini Ketut Queena Fredlina Luh Putu Wrasiati Made Ria Defiani Maharani, Rai Janaki Maliza Kurnia Maya Agustina Maya Agustina Mery Wintari Ngurah Intan Wiratmini Ni Kadek Dewi Rustini NI KADEK YUNITA SARI Ni LUH ARPIWI Ni Luh Ayu Jami Wistiani, Ni Luh Ayu Jami Ni Luh Putu Agustini Ni Luh Watiniasih Ni Luh Wayan Yulia Mirayanti NI MADE DIAN PRATIWI Ni Made Gari Ni Made Sastriyani Wiendra Ni Made Sastriyani Wiendra Ni Made Suartin Ni Nyoman Wirasiti Ni Putu Adriani Astiti Ni Putu Eka Krisnayanti Ni Wayan Ayu Wiartini Ni Wayan Karolina Ni Wayan Sudatri PATRICK FINNEGAN Putera, I Kadek Aridena Putu Angga Wiradana Putu Apriliani Putu Yunita Putri Aryani Retno Kawuri Rifky Firmansyah Anwar Satwika, I Putu Septarini Dian Anitasari Septarini Dian Anitasari Siddique, Kadambot.H.M. Tassanai Jaruwatanaphan Tassanai Jaruwatanaphan Tassanai Jaruwatanaphan, Tassanai Tiwi Wati Uslan UUL SHOVI NURKAMILA Vanesa Martida Vanesa Martida Viryanando Evan Rahardja WAHYU WIDOWATI Wawan Sujarwo WENNI SETYO LESTARI Wenni Setyo Lestari Wenni Setyo Lestari, Wenni Setyo Wiguna, I Ketut Catur Wijaya, Putu Austin Widyasari Wildan Mujahidul Basyar Yasuyuki Watano Yasuyuki Watano Yasuyuki Watano, Yasuyuki Yenni Ciawi Zaetuna, Hanifa Laila