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All Journal JURNAL PROMOSI KESEHATAN INDONESIA IQTISHODUNA Medula El Dinar Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa FEB Journal of Aceh Physics Society Jurnal Dimensi Unnes Science Education Journal Asia-Pacific Management and Business Application Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) al-Afkar, Journal For Islamic Studies Management and Economics Journal (MEC-J) Martabe : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat MALIA Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika International Journal for Educational and Vocational Studies JURNAL EKSBIS Kumawula: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bumi Raflesia Management Studies and Entrepreneurship Journal (MSEJ) Jurnal Riset Bisnis dan Manajemen Just TI (Jurnal Sains Terapan Teknologi Informasi) Jurnal Ekonomika dan Bisnis Relativitas : Jurnal Riset Inovasi Pembelajaran Fisika Journal of Technomaterial Physics MATAAZIR (Jurnal Administrasi dan Manajemen Pendidikan) Unram Journal of Community Service (UJCS) Jurnal Riset Manajemen dan Akuntansi (JURIMA) Bulletin of Management and Business Akademika : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam International Journal of Applied Business and International Management Jurnal Ilmiah MEA (Manajemen, Ekonomi, dan Akuntansi) Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Jurnal Natural Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology ARMADA : Jurnal Penelitian Multidisiplin Jurnal Pengabdian Kolaborasi dan Inovasi IPTEKS Maliki Islamic Economics Journal Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Science Education) Transcendent Journal of Mathematics and Applications Al-Kharaj: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan & Bisnis Syariah Jurnal Intelek Dan Cendikiawan Nusantara Jurnal Ekonomika dan Bisnis PESARE: Science and Engineering Service Journal Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (SINAPMAS) Sriwijaya Electrical and Computer Engineering (Selco) Journal Jurnal Pengabdian Rekayasa dan Wirausaha Jurnal Agromedicine Unila: Jurnal Kesehatan dan Agromedicine
Rini Safitri
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Journal : Journal of Technomaterial Physics

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Entrance Surface Air Kerma (ESAK) in Adult Posteroanterior (PA) Chest Radiography: An Exploratory Analysis Intan Mulia Sari; Irhamni, Irhamni; Safitri, Rini; Yufita, Evi; Dewi, Ariana Shafira
Journal of Technomaterial Physics Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Technomaterial Physics
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jotp.v8i1.24603

Abstract

This study estimated Entrance Surface Air Kerma (ESAK) for adult posteroanterior (PA) chest radiography and described ESAK patterns in relation to selected technical parameters and patient characteristics as an initial facility-level baseline. A descriptive–exploratory observational study was conducted in 10 adult patients using a Siemens digital radiography system equipped with Automatic Exposure Control (AEC). ESAK was estimated from X-ray tube output obtained from acceptance/constancy testing and combined with routinely recorded exposure parameters. Incident air kerma (INAK) was calculated first and then converted to ESAK using a backscatter factor assumed to be constant at 1.35. All examinations were performed at 125 kVp with a fixed source-to-image distance (SID) of 180 cm. Focus-to-skin distance (FSD) was not recorded directly and was estimated from SID and the recorded chest thickness. ESAK ranged from 0.09 to 0.17 mGy (mean, 0.13 mGy), and all values were below the BAPETEN optimization reference level of 0.2 mGy. In this limited sample, graphical patterns indicated that ESAK increased with mAs and body weight and decreased with increasing FSD. These findings are preliminary and require confirmation in a larger cohort; however, they may serve as a temporary local baseline for internal dose auditing and to inform the design of subsequent dose optimization studies.
Co-Authors . Saminan A Halim ABDUL GANI Abdul Gani Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah Adlim Adlim Afdhal Sufahmi Ahmad Husein Akhmad Mukhlis Akmal Muhni Amsir, Amsir Andre Parmonangan Panjaitan Andriyani, Miftakhul Janati Annisa Annisa Aprilia Dwi Ratnasari Ardian, Faril Asep Sayfulloh Astutik, Fuji Basir, Nurlida Bayu Ilham Pradana Bayu Ilham Pradana Ben Roy Do, Ben Roy Dewi Rokhmah DEWI SARTIKA Dewi, Ariana Shafira Dodi Wirawan Irawanto Duana, Maiza Dwi Septiana Zulfa Elin Yusibani Elyatin, Leny Ema Zahra Firdaus Erlinda, Fenti Ernawati Ernawati Evendi evendi, evendi Evi Yufita Fadhli*, Zul Farras Cahya Puspitha Fasbir, Fasbir Fatma Zuhra Febriani Febriani Ferdiansyah, Achmad Feri Dwi Riyanto Fitri, Cut Nurul Fitriani Fitriani Guntur Kusuma Wardana Hafnati Rahmatan Humairoh, Riski Husna, Nuril Ibnu Khaldun Ichwana Ichwana Ika Merdeka Wati Siregar Ikhwanul Muslim Ilfi Nur Diana Ilham Pradana, Bayu Imro’ah, Wulidatul Indah Khairani Indah Yuliana Intan Mulia Sari Irhamni Irhamni Islamy, Fajrul Jenie Sundari Karlisa Priandana Karmel, Moehammad Ediyan Raza Khoirot, Umdatul Mahidin Mahidin MARDIANA Marvita, Yurda Marwan Marwan Masrurah, Zakia Mega Fatimah Rosana Melinda Melinda Metha Aprilia N.C Miska, Layna Muhammad Aldi Saputra Muhammad Hasan Muhammad Irhamsyah Muharratul Mina Rizky Muliyadi Muliyadi Mursal Mursal Nasution, Riski Humairoh Nihayatu Aslamatis Solekah Nila Hardi Noer mijati Novianti, Khusnul Rofida Nur Malinda, Selfi NURLIANA NURLIANA Nurmalita . Nursaputri, Dinda Dwi Nurul Azmi, Nurul Nurul Fajri Saminan Paizah, Nurul Pulungan, Hasmiah Purwandy Hasibuan, Purwandy Putra, Zulfi Amalia Rahpita Windriani Raisah, Putri Ramadhan, Teuku Muhammad Hary Ramadhani, Evi Ramilah Erliani Rif'ah, Erwin Nur Riski Fadilah Rangkuti Rizawayani Rizawayani Sabrian Tri Anda Safrida S Salsabila Linnatunnisa Saminan Sapirin Sapirin Saputra, Ega Shalsabila, Izzatunnisa' Habiba Shalshabilla Putri Sharfina Sharfina Siti Helmyati SITI MAHMUDAH Siti Naimah Siti zakiah Sitti Asmi Sofia Sofia Sri Adelila Sari Suci Adelia Sudjatno, Sudjatno Suhendrayatna Suhendrayatna Syamsiar, Syamsiar Syarifah Raisa Tutifla, Alfi Sunny Ula, Sidratil Ulfi Kartika Oktaviana wahyuni wahyuni Wiqayatun Khazanah Wulan Noventi Wuryaningsih Wuryaningsih Yanti, Yusri Rahma Yunidar Zahran Jemi , Faris Zakia, Rizki Zul Fadhli, Zul Fadhli Zul Fadhli Zulfi Alfiansyah