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KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA PADA PENUTUR BAHASA KAMBERA DI SUMBA TIMUR I Wayan Simpen; Prof. Dr. Aron Meko Mbete; Prof. Drs. I Made Suastra, Ph.D.; Prof. Dr. I Wayan Pastika, M.S.
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol. 2. Mei 2008 No. 1
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

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Abstract

Seperti halnya bahasa lain, bahasa Kambera memiliki fungsi sebagai alat untuk menyampaikan pikiran dan perasaan, sebagai alat untukmemahami pikiran dan perasaan, dan sebagai alat berpikir dan berasa. Kesantunan berbahasa adalah salah satu aspek kebahasaan yang dapat meningkatkan kecerdasan emosional penuturnya. Kajian terhadap kesantunan berbahasa pada penutur bahasa Kambera bertujuan untuk menemukan, mendeskripsikan, dan menganalisis satuan verbal yang digunakan sebagai kesantunan, menemukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesantunan, makna kesantunan, unsure suprasegmental yang mempengaruhi kesantunan, dan unsur paalainguistik yang menyertai kesantunan.Penelitian kesantunan berbahasa pada penutur bahasa Kambera bertumpu pada teori Linguistik Kebudayaan dan teori Sosiopragmatik. Metode yang digunakan dibedakan menjadi tiga jenis, yaitu metode dan teknik pengumpulan data, metode dan teknik penganalisisan data, dan metode dan teknik penyajian hasil analisis. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode observasi terlibat aktif dan wawancara, dengan teknik pancingan, pencatatan, dan perekaman. Data yang terkumpul diklasifikasi berdasarkan jenis, bentuk, dan variabel penent. Analisis tidak menggunakan data secara kuantitatif, sehingga tidak ada analisis secara statistik. Hasil analisis disajikan dengan metode informal, dan dibatu dengan teknik penyajian secara deduktif dan induktif.Hasil analisis memperlihatkan bahwa kesantunan berbahasa pada penutur bahasa Kambera menggambarkan ideologi yang dijadikan dasar kesantunan berbahasa. Satuan verbal yang digunakan untuk kesantunan berbentuk kata, gabungan kata, kalimat, dan peribahasa. Kesantunan berbahasa dipengaruhi oleh faktor status, jenis kelamin, usia, dan hubungan kekerabatan. Makna kesantunan merefleksikan latar budaya yang dianut penutur dengan berorientasi pada sistem kepercayaan, sistem mata pencaharian, hubungan kekerabatan, stratifikasi sosial, dan sistem pernikahan.Berdasarkan hasil analisis di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa sampai saat ini penutur bahasa Kambera masih memegang teguh prinsip hidupnya. Prinsip hidup itu  tertuang dalam ideologi yang mereka sebut Hopu li li witi- Hopu li la kunda’ akhir dari segala pembicaraan –akhir dari segala pintalan’. Satuan verbal yang digunakan kesantunan berbentuk kata, gabungan kata, kalimat, dan peribahasa. Faktor seperti usia, jenis kelamin, status, dan hubungan kekerabatan sangat berpengaruh dalam kesantunan. Makna kesantunan menggambarkan latar budaya yang berkaitan dengan sistem kepercayaan, sistem mata pencaharian, sistem kekerabatan, dan sistem pernikahan.Unsur suprasegmetal dan paralinguistik berpengaruh terhadap kesantunan verbal. Ada satu aspek kebahasaan yang perlu dikaji lebih dalam, yaitu luluku. Ini merupakan lahan baru yang cukup menantang untuk dikaji.
Early Lexical Development and the Development of Translation Equivalents in a Simultaneous Bilingual Child Ni Luh Putu Sri Adnyani; Ni Luh Sutjiati Beratha; I Wayan Pastika; I Nyoman Suparwa
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol 11 No 2 (2017): eJL-July
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (557.933 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/eJL.2017.v11.i02.p04

Abstract

This study focuses on the development of lexicon by a child raised simulatneously in Indonesian and German from birth. In the immediate family members, the child received Indonesian from the mother and German from the father. The data was collected in natural setting when the child was 1;0 up to 3;0. In collecting the data, diary records and weekly video recordings were used. The data was analized using two softwares, ELAN and Toolbox. The child’s speech was segmented based on the child’s utterances. The result of the study shows that at the end of the study the child developed 521 lexicon in Indonesian and 243 in German. Both in Indonesian and German the child acquired more nouns than verbs. Besides, the child also developed about 164 translation equivalents. Thus, it confirms that the bilingual child developed two different lexical systems.
Readability of the Translation of Figure of Speech in Srimad Bhagavatam From English Into Indonesian Ni Ketut Dewi Yulianti; I Wayan Pastika; Ketut Artawa; Ida Bagus Putra Yadnya
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol 11 No 1 (2017): eJL-January
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (676.95 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/eJL.2017.v11.i01.p01

Abstract

The research is a descriptive translation study focusing on the methods and ideology of translation of figure of speech used in the text of Srimad Bhagavatam into Indonesian. It departed from a translation paradigm that considered Srimad Bhagavatam as a product, and the impact of the methods and ideology applied to the readability level of figure of speech translation contained in Srimad Bhagavatam from English to Indonesian. This is a library study and the method used in collecting the data is observation, by reading the studied text carefully on the sentences that contain figure of speech. Data collection technique used is a qualitative one, namely by determining and explaining the methods and ideology embraced by the translator in translating the figure of speech. To view the translation readability level, three informants are involved to complete a questionnaire containing about the readability level of translation. This study shows that the ideology held by the translator is domestication by applying a communicative method of translation on most sentences with figure of speech. Overall, all translation methods used by the translator has a positive impact on the readability level of figure of speech translation from English into Indonesian.
IDEOLOGIES BEYOND THE INVITING RAIN TEXT BY BALINESE MIGRANT IN SUMBAWA Ni Wayan Mekarini; I Gusti Made Sutjaja; I Wayan Pastika; Putu Sutama
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol. 8. Januari 2014 No. 1
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

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Abstract

Makalah ini menerangkan tentang ideologi yang terkandung dalam teks panggil hujan. Sejalan dengan situasi tadah hujan, teks panggil hujan menjadi harapan bagi keberlangsungan mata pencaharian petani. Ideologi teks diteropong dari sudut pandang konteks situasi. Pada aspek medan terdapat etika bahwa teks ritual  tidak boleh diwarnai dengan gurauan atau homor. Stuktur percakapan ditata secara sederhana, tanpa proses berbantahan. Pada aspek pelibat, ketua pamangku berfungsi sebagai partisipan kunci. Hal itu sejalan dengan dinamika kekuasaan yang terkandung dalam suatu praktik sosial.  Bagaimana struktur ideologi yang dikandung teks panggil hujan sehingga teks dapat berfungsi secara signifikan dalam  pemeliharaan hidup petani? Paper ini mengulas ideologi dari tiga metafungsi yang berbeda versi Sistemik dikombinasikan dengan tinjauan dari sudut pandang wacana.  
VALENCY AND SYNTACTICAL RELATION IN BIMANESS Made Sri Satyawati; I Ketut Artawa; I Wayan Pastika; I Gusti Made Sutjaja
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol. 3. Juli 2009 No. 2
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

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Abstract

This study presents the findings and descriptions of the replies to severalproblems that have not been completely and deeply discussed in the researchespreviously conducted on Bimanese. The problems are related to micro-linguistic factors,namely valency and syntactical relation in Bimanese. Both deductive and inductiveapproaches were applied to obtain satisfactory results. The main theory employed in thisstudy is Role and Reference Grammar Theory (RRG) by Van Valin and J. Lapolla. It wasemployed to completely analyze the collected data in accordance with the problemsproposed in this research, and the inductive approach was employed to analyze the datain order to get novelties.In this study, clause structure is given the first priority to discuss, followed by thediscussion on operator, voice markers, nominalizers, and definiteness. Based on thepredicate category, the clause in Bimanese can be constructed with the constituents thatare under the categories of verb, noun, adjective, number, and adverb (prepositionalphrase). Based on the clause analysis, it has been found that in Bimanese there are severaloperators, each of which has different functional boundary in marking the clausemeaning. One operator may only sign nucleus, core (nucleus and argument), or core andperiphery. Bimanese has also been identified to have four linguistic states expressed byverbs that are made to make sense based on state (Aktisontrat), achievement, andaccomplishment. RRG classifies verbs into ten instead of four. However, in this study, tomake the analysis easier, verbs are classified into four. The predicate in Bimanese can beboth serial verbs and secondary verbs. It has also been found that the mechanism ofchange in valency is marked by the attachment of markers to the verbs resulting incausativity, applicativity, and resultivity. From those syntactical constructions, thesyntactical relation in Bimanese can be clearly identified. The discussion on syntacticalrelation starts with SUBJ and OBJ followed by word orders. The word orders found inBimanese are SPO, adposition of PREP-N, N-G, N-Adj, N-Dem, and question wordposition. In addition, four voices have also been identified in Bimanese. They are active,passive, middle, and antipassive.
Aplicative Construction in Lamalera Dialect of Lamaholot Language Yosef Demon; I Wayan Pastika; Ketut Artawa; I Nyoman Udayana
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol 11 No 2 (2017): eJL-July
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

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Abstract

The applicative construction is limited as (i) the creation of a new argument of inner objects and (ii) the advancement of a peripheral constituent (locative, instrumental, benefactive, and source) occupying the position of the core argument (object). Thus, applicative constructs include the creation of new objects and the advancement of peripheral arguments occupying the core argument. Each language has a strategy in getting around the applicative construction. Agglutinative languages for example, deal with morphological applicative construction. Unlike Lamalera dialect of Lamaholot language(LDLL) which is not an agglutinative language. Lamalera dialect of Lamaholot language has a morphophonogical strategy such as sound alternation or internal modification and syntactic strategy of word order. Both LDLL applicative construction strategies will be presented in this article.
Sign Language Variations in Kata Kolok Dian Rahmani Putri; IGM Sutjaja; Aron Meko Mbete; I Wayan Pastika
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol 12 No 1 (2018): eJL-January
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

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Abstract

The study focuses on sign language namely kata kolok, which is naturally used in Bengkala village, Buleleng, Bali, by the local deaf community, specifically on their idea and thought to describe their religious living, customs and culture. The aim of this research is to enrich references of a sign language system contributed by sign language owned by the Kolok community in Bengkala. The data obtained is primary, qualitative; those are lexicon, expression, sentences, text in the form of sign language. The data were collected by observation, video recording and direct interviewing by using new etnography approach or cognitive anthropology. The data analysis is conducted by content analysis. In the future, this research is expected to generate a Kata Kolok Dictionary, a comprehensive documentation and effective information dedicated to the signer or the sign language user, and also as the preservation of Kata Kolok as the natural sign language. There are sign and meaning variations found, such as sign variations for the 3rd person singular pronoun, modality ‘have to’, religious-signs ‘mabanten’ and ‘Pura’, the customs sign ‘ngaben’, culture sign ‘tajen’, survival sign ‘talking’, and emotional expression ‘sad’ and ‘surprised’. Furthermore, there are phenomena such as homonymy and polysemy for some meanings. Keywords: meaning and sign, variation, homosign, polysemy, sign language, Kata Kolok
Relasi Gramatikal BahasaMelayu Klasik dalam Hikajat ‘Abdullah Muhammad Yusdi; Prof. Dr.Aron Meko Mbete; Prof. Dr. Drs. I Ketut Artawa, M.A., Ph.d.; Prof. Dr. I Wayan Pastika, M.S.
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol. 2. Mei 2008 No. 1
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

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Abstract

Beberapa orang ahli linguistik telah mengkaji naskah Bahasa Melayu Klasik namun naskah BMK pada Hikajat ‘Abdullah yang berkenaan dengan Relasi Gramatikal belum pernah dilakukan hingga sekarang ini. Penelitian dan pembahasan tentang tipologi sintaksis BMK secara khusus belum menjadi perhatian para peneliti dan pengamat BMK dengan kerangka kerja sesuai dengan tipologi linguistik. Penelitian ini membahas perihal relasi gramatikal dengan kerangka kerja linguistis Adapun yang menjadi pokok bahasan dalam disertasi ini ialah “Bagaimana Relasi Gramatikal” saling berhubungan dalam BMK yang terdapat pada Hikajat ‘Abdullah. Selain dengan pembahasan yang dilandasi dengan teori tipologi linguistik, penelaahan data penelitian ini juga dilakukan dengan teori tata bahasa formal yaitu Tata bahasa Relasional (TR) dan pembahasan ini juga melibatkan peran semantis yang tercakup pada sebuah bangunan sintaksis secara keseluruhan sehingga orang tidak kehilangan momentum dan masih menyadari bahwa bahasa adalah maujud hak milik umat manusia yang berartikulasi ganda, yaitu bentuk (bunyi) di satu pihak dan arti (makna) di pihak lain. Sasaran pembahasan ini dititik beratkan pada tataran sintaksis namun dengan tidak meninggalkan sama sekali keberterimaan semantis seperti yang disebutkan di atas tadi. Adapun di antara pokok persoalan yang dianalisis tersebut ialah masalah akusativitas, ergativitas, dan medialitas. Adapun tujuan utama penelitian ini ialah menganalisis dan membahas sifat-perilaku gramatikal yang pada gilirannya memperlihatkan peran semantis juga pada tataran sintaktis BMK HABAKM. Dengan demikian, dapatlah ditentukan relasi gramatikal dan peran semantis dari segi tipologi sintaksis BMK HABAKM ini.Setelah menelaah data yang ada pada BMK HABAKM secara tipolgis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa, secara sintaktis, BMK HABAKM memperlakukan S sama dengan A, dan perlakuan yang berbeda dikenakan pada P (S = A, ? P). Oleh karena itu, BMK HABAKM termasuk kelompok bahasa yang bervivot S/A. Sistem relasi gramatikal yang seperti ini membuktikan bahwa BMK pada saat Hikajat ‘Abdullah itu ditulis berkaidah sintaksis sebagai bahasa yang bertipologi nominatif-akusatif. Kalau diamati dengan teliti, perilaku A dan P verba intransitif dalam bahasa ini, kemudian dihubungkan dengan S secara semantis dengan pemakaiannya, kelihatanlah bahwa BMK HABAKM tergolong dalam bahasa yang bersistem Sa dan Sp sebagaisub-bahagian S. Pemarkahan morfologis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat S terpilah (split) dan S alir (fluid) dalam BMK dengan verbanya sebagai poros. Dengan demikian, secara tipologis, BMK lebih merupakan bahasa nominatif-akusatif yang menurunkan diatesis aktif >< pasif karena secara morfosintaktis dimarkahi oleh pola Sintaksis SPvt + (men- >< di-) O daripada bahasa ergatif yang menurunkan diatesis ergatif dan anti-pasif itu. Pengkajian tipologis yang menempatkan BMK sebagai bahasa nominatif-akusatif, secara sintaktis, membuktikan bahwa terdapat dua perbandingan penting dalam menentukan tipologi BMK: (i) perbandingan klausa intransitif dan klausa transitif, (ii) perbandingan peran semantik A dan P pada klausa intransitif. Dengan mempertimbangkan betapa penting perilaku relasi gramatikal, peran semantis, dan juga fungsi (komunikatif) pragmatis pada klausa BMK, maka ada baiknya kajian tipologi sintaksis diteruskan dengan kajian tipologi fungsional.Jika dikaitkan dengan fungsi pragmatis, maka BMK termasuk bahasa yang menonjolkan/mementingkan subjek. Dengan perkataan lain, konstruksi dasar klausa BMK lebih tepat diperlakukan sebagai “Subjek-Predikat” daripada sebagai “Topik-Komen”. Sebagai bahasa yang bertiopologi sintaktis nominatif-akusatif BMK HABAKM mengenal diatesis aktif (diatesis dasar) >< diatesis pasif (diatesis turunan), ergatif, dan diatesis medial.
Lingual Domination in Tourism Discourse: A CDA Study I Nengah Laba; I Ketut Riana; Made Budiarsa; I Wayan Pastika
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol 11 No 2 (2017): eJL-July
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (365.985 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/eJL.2017.v11.i02.p01

Abstract

This study examines tourism discourse in the national print media to answer a research question of how lingual domination is presented in the tourism discourse. This study uses a method of qualitative research methodology. The approach in this study is a phenomenological approach using the phenomenon of the use of language in national printed media. The grand theories used in this research is the theory of critical discourse analysis proposed by van Leeuwen (2005 ; 2008) and lingual domination by Burton (2008 ; 2012) with a supporting theory of Critical Discourse Analysis proposed by Fairclough (1989; 1995). The research results of this study indicate that lingual domination in tourism discourse show social effects on 1) attitude change; 2) cognitive change; 3) collective reactions; 4) personal reactions; 5) agenda setting; 6) socialization; 7) social control; 8 ) defining reality; and 9) endorsement of dominant ideology.
PHONOLOGY OF KAUR LANGUAGE IN GENERATIVE THEORY Wisman Hadi; I Wayan Pastika; I Nyoman Suparwa; A.A. Putu Putra
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol. 6. Januari 2012 No. 1
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

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Abstract

Kaur language (abbreviated to KL) is one of the varieties of Central Malay, which is spoken by the people living in Kaur Regency, Bengkulu Province. This study focuses on three problems; they are (1) how the segments of sounds in KL were represented and what features distinguished them; (2) how the syllabic structures, phonetic symbols, and the patterns of stress in KL were represented; and (3) how and why the phonological processes in KL took place; and what its phonological rules were like? The general objective of this study was to analyze the phonological system of Kaur language, and the specific objective was to explain the sound segments, syllabic structure, phonotactic system, and phonological processes and rules of KL using the Generative Theory. Descriptive-qualitative approach was used in this study. The data were collected using interview and documentation methods and were analyzed and presented formally and informally. The results of the study showed that there were 23 phonological processes in Kaur language represented by /a, ?, i, u, p, b, t, d, c, ?, k, g, ?, m, n, ?, ?, s, ?, h, l, w, j/. These segments were  phonetically realized by [a, ?, ?, ?, i, ?, e, ?, u, ?, o, ?, a), ?), ?), ?), i), ?), e), ?), u), ?), o), ?), p, p>, b, b>, t, t>, d, c, ?, k, k>, g, g>, ?, m, n, ?, ?, s, z, Ä, ?, h, h), l, w, j, w, j]. Every segment was described by using 17 distinctive features, which were [syllabic, son., cons., cont., nas., lat., ant., cor., gut., plosives stops, voiced, high, front, back, low, ATR, round.]. In addition, it was found that there were 3 diphthongs, 9 series of vowels, 14 clusters of consonants, 22 series of consonants, and several unique series of vowel-consonants, 36 syllabic structures of bases, 5 basic patterns of syllabic structures of affixes, and 4 structures of mixed affixes. The phonological processes are described in 49 phonological rules. Of these 49 rules, there are several ordered phonological rules.
Co-Authors A. A. Putu Putra Adi Utamayasa, I Gede Adnyani, Ni Luh Putu Sri Agus Subiyanto Agustia, Km Tri Sutrisna Alit Putrini, Desak Ketut Anak Agung Putu Putra Aron Meko Mbete Arum Sekar Melati Bayu Islam Assasaki Boru Simorangkir, Sherly Lusiana Budiana, I Ketut Denok Lestari Dian Rahmani Putri Dominikus Dominikus Dr. Hans Lapoliwa, M.Phil. Dwi Kuniarsa, I Gusti Ngurah Efron Yohanis Loe Ellisa Ivana Dea Elung, Maria Angelia Fithriyah Inda Nur Abida I Gusti Agung Istri Aryani I Gusti Ayu Agung Mas Triadnyani I Gusti Ayu Swastika Punia Dewi I Gusti Made Sutjaja I Gusti Ngurah Parthama I Ketut Artawa I Ketut Darma Laksana I Ketut Riana I Made Budiarsa I Made Madia I Made Netra I Made Suastra I Made Suta Paramarta I Nengah Laba I Nengah Sudipa I Nyoman Aryawibawa I Nyoman Darma Putra I Nyoman Sedeng I Nyoman Suparsa I NYOMAN SUPARWA I Nyoman Udayana I Wayan Simpen I Wayan Teguh I Wayan Teguh Ida Ayu Kade Dwijati, Ida Ayu Ida Ayu Made Puspani Ida Ayu Maharani Ida Ayu Putri Adityarini Ida Bagus Putra Yadnya IGM Sutjaja Jeladu Kosmas Kurniawati, Kadek Katarina Dewi Made Sri Satyawati Maria Angelia Elung Muhammad Rafi’ie Muhammad Yusdi Mulyono Mulyono Ni Kadek Ayu Sintya Dewi Ni Ketut Ratna Erawati Ni Ketut Sri Rahayuni Ni Ketut Sri Rahayuni, Ni Ketut Ni Luh Ketut Mas Indrawati Ni Luh Nyoman Seri Malini Ni Luh Sutjiati Beratha Ni Made Dhanawaty Ni Nyoman Dewi Astari Putri Ni Putu N Widarsini Ni Wayan Arnati Ni Wayan Mekarini Ni Wayan Sukarini Pande Putu Abdi Jaya Prawira Pita, Yul Fulgensia Rusman Prof. Dr. Aron Meko Mbete Prof. Dr.Aron Meko Mbete Putri, Ni Nyoman Dewi Astari Putu Eka Dambayana Suputra Putu Sutama Rima Andriani Sari Rima Andriani Sari Rina Ismayasari Sherly Lusiana Boru Simorangkir Sigian Hardi Supartini , Ni Luh Teguh, I Wayan Uun Yemima Situmorang Widiatmika, Putu Wahyu Wisman Hadi Yosef Demon Yunanfathur Rahman Yuniartati, Made Dwi