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Questioning the Existence of Artificial Intelligence as a Legal Subject in Indonesian National Law Itok Dwi Kurniawan; Kristiyadi
Jurnal Kewarganegaraan Vol 6 No 4 (2022): Desember 2022
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI YOGYAKARTA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31316/jk.v6i4.4528

Abstract

Abstract Discussions related to legal subjects are usually directed at legal subjects of people and legal entities. The development of law in Indonesia has apparently not only presented corporations as new legal subjects, but has now recognized increasingly sophisticated artificial intelligence which will prospectively become new legal subjects. This is a challenge for the government to create qualified regulations related to the use and accountability of legal actions carried out by artificial intelligence. This article was written using a normative legal research method with a conceptual approach, and analyzed deductively. The results of the research contained in this article indicate that regulations related to artificial intelligence should be regulated in separate laws. The existence of artificial intelligence as a legal subject is equated with the position of a legal entity, in the responsibility for artificial intelligence, the identity of artificial intelligence needs to be stated in an authentic deed. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Legal Subject, National Law.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR CREDITORS IN ENHANCING TRUST IN CREDIT AGREEMENTS WITH MORTGAGE RIGHTS AS COLLATERAL Kurniawan, Itok Dwi; Septiningsih, Ismawati
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v23i2.4788

Abstract

Economic and business development in Indonesia heavily relies on the role of financial institutions, especially banking, in providing capital through credit facilities. However, credit distribution also carries the risk of default, necessitating an adequate legal protection system for creditors. This research aims to analyze the legal protection for creditors in credit agreements with mortgage rights as collateral under Indonesian positive law, identify issues hindering its implementation, and formulate solutions to strengthen legal protection to increase creditor confidence. The study employs a normative legal research method with conceptual and statutory approaches, focusing on an in-depth analysis of creditor protection in credit agreements with mortgage rights through examination of legal principles, legal systematics, and relevant legislation. Data collection is conducted through literature study, while data analysis uses a qualitative method with a deductive approach, involving stages of identification, interpretation, consistency analysis, and synthesis to identify legal gaps and formulate recommendations for improving legal protection for creditors. The research results reveal that legal protection for creditors in credit agreements with mortgage rights in Indonesia faces several obstacles, including ineffective execution processes, limited collateral objects, lack of certainty in collateral valuation, limited capacity of registration institutions, and low public legal awareness. To address these issues, proposed solutions include optimizing execution implementation, expanding collateral objects, creating clear valuation guidelines, enhancing the National Land Agency's capacity, providing legal education to the public, improving relevant regulations, increasing inter-agency coordination, and strengthening supervision and law enforcement. The implementation of these measures is expected to increase creditor confidence, improve the investment climate, and promote economic growth while maintaining a balance of interests among all parties.
Co-Authors A.G. Thamrin Ahmad Puji Sulistyo Adi Ajeng Andan Sari Akram, Aqil Syahru Al Muchtar, Suwarma Aldyan, Arsyad Annisa Nurul Alimah AP, Hanuring Ayu Arief Suryono Arsyad Aldyan Bambang Santoso Bambang Santoso Citra Permata DARA PUSTIKA SUKMA Dewi Gunawati Dewi, Putri Maha Dita Septi Damayanti Emilia Sekar Respati Seto Ernia Duwi Saputri Febrian Dafa Putra Fernades, Acacio Fernandes, Acacio Fifi Zuhriah Fitri Handayani Galih Dwi Prasetyo Ginanjar Pratama Ginusti, Gallis Nawang Handayani , Fitri Hanuring Ayu Hanuring Ayu Ardhani Putri Harjono Harjono Harjono Harjono Harjono Heri Hartanto Heru Ismaya Hidayah, Yayuk Ikrimah , Afridah Ismawati Septiningsih Ismawati septiningsih Ismumarno, Ismumarno Jamal Wiwoho Juli Setyo Rini Kristiyadi Kristiyadi Yoke Sarah Asafita Mohamad, Mohamad Hanapi Bin Muhamad Fathur Rohmi Muhammad Hendri Nuryadi, Muhammad Hendri muhammad rustamaji Muhammad Rustamaji Muhammad Wildan Alghozali Muthia Sakti Noviansyah, Wahyu Pati, Umi Khaerah Pipit Widiatmaka, Pipit Pranoto Pranoto Putri Maha Dewi Putri, Fairuz Mumtaz Abafiyah Putri, Nabilah Karamina Hadini Rahma Putri Nabilah Rima Sri Agustin Rizki Rizki Rizky Abadi Putra Ro'id, Aufaiz Dzulfaqor Robby, Samuel Bintang Safarina Safarina Santos, Jose Gama Septiningsih, Ismawati Setyawan, Vincentius setyawan, vincentius patria Siallagan, Sahat Poltak Situmorang, Alexander Dwi Agung Soehartono Soehartono , Soehartono Soehartono Soehartono Souad Ezzerouali Sri Wahyuningsih Yulianti Sri Wahyuningsih Yulianti, Sri Wahyuningsih Subekti Sulastri Sulastri Suwadi , Pujiyono suwadi, pujiyono SUYATNO Thamrin, A.G. Tixatmojo, Muhammad Annam Arroffi Tobing, Nastity Aiko Desintha Triasmara, Dhimas Mukti Veithzal Rivai Zainal Vincentius Patria Setyawan Wahyu Noviansyah Wardani, Riska Putri Winarno Budyatmojo Yanuarti, Rini Yovanisa Meirawati Zakki Adhliyati Zakki Adhliyati, Zakki Zakki Adihiyati Zakki Adlhiyati zakki adlhiyati, zakki