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All Journal Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia Al Qalam: Jurnal Ilmiah Keagamaan dan Kemasyarakatan NUSANTARA : Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) JURNAL ILMIAH HUKUM DIRGANTARA Community Engagement and Emergence Journal (CEEJ) JHR (Jurnal Hukum Replik) Jurnal Syntax Imperatif : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan Jurnal Sosial dan Teknologi Jurnal Syntax Fusion : Jurnal Nasional Indonesia Balobe Law Journal Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Journal of Social Research COMSERVA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Locus Penelitian dan Pengabdian Journal International of Lingua and Technology Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (JIHHP) Jurnal Ilmu Multidisplin Jurnal Sosial dan Sains Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia (Japendi) Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research HUMANITIS : Jurnal Humaniora, Sosial dan Bisnis Journal of Economic Education
Susilo, Tarsisius
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Journal : Journal of Social Research

 1 
Asymmetric Warfare: Challenging The Boundaries of Humanitarian Law In The Era of Contemporary Conflict Budiman, Budiman; Utomo, Bambang Prasetyo; Susilo, Tarsisius; Simanjuntak, Arifin; Tapayasa, Gusti Bagus Oka
Journal of Social Research Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v4i6.2536

Abstract

Asymmetric warfare represents a transformative shift in modern conflict, characterized by the involvement of unequal forces and the increasing role of non-state actors, unconventional tactics, and emerging technologies. This study examines how asymmetric warfare challenges the implementation of international humanitarian law (IHL), particularly concerning combatant identification, proportionality in attacks, and civilian protection in fluid conflict environments. Employing a qualitative method through normative legal analysis and literature review, the research critically evaluates IHL instruments such as the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols in light of contemporary conflict dynamics. Case studies from Afghanistan, Syria, and Palestine are analyzed alongside developments in cyber and information warfare. The findings reveal significant limitations in existing legal definitions and enforcement mechanisms, especially with the rise of hybrid tactics and digital battlegrounds. The study proposes a framework for adapting IHL through the redefinition of combatant status, the establishment of clearer proportionality standards, and the creation of new legal instruments to regulate cyber operations and disinformation. Moreover, it emphasizes the need to enhance accountability through technology-enabled monitoring systems and to expand humanitarian law education to include non-state actors. This research contributes to the evolving discourse on modern warfare by advocating for an adaptive legal architecture that upholds human dignity amid increasingly complex conflict scenarios.
Humanitarian Law Education for Military Members in Preventing Violations and Building Combat Professionalism Alam, Saiful; Sihombing, Rooy Candra; Susilo, Tarsisius; Limbong, Benny; Soeprianto, Agus
Journal of Social Research Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v4i6.2572

Abstract

Humanitarian law education for military members is a fundamental pillar in efforts to build the professionalism of soldiers while preventing human rights violations during armed conflict. This study analyzes the urgency and effectiveness of humanitarian law education in the military environment, highlighting educational approaches, implementation challenges, and real impacts on the field. Departing from the assumption that a lack of understanding of humanitarian law is one of the root causes of violations that occur in war, this study presents a critical examination of training programs in several countries that have successfully implemented them systematically, such as Switzerland, Norway, and Colombia. Using a qualitative approach and literature study methods, this article constructs the argument that humanitarian law education not only instills legal norms, but also shapes the moral integrity and combat ethics of a soldier. The results of the study show that a structured, realistic, and contextual humanitarian law education program is able to significantly reduce the potential for violations. In Indonesia, humanitarian law education still faces structural and cultural challenges, such as a lack of integration in the basic military curriculum and a limited number of competent instructors. Therefore, this article recommends a comprehensive reform of the military curriculum, teacher capacity building, and strengthening post-training evaluations. Overall, this article emphasizes that humanitarian law education is an indispensable prerequisite for creating a professional, humanistic, and international standard military force. Through the formation of a strong understanding of the law since basic education, it is hoped that soldiers will be able to balance the success of combat missions with adherence to universal humanitarian values.
The Hiroshima and Nagasaki Atomic Bombs: A Crossroads Between Ethics, Law and the Ambition of Victory Nugroho, Ig Widi; Prasetyo W., Danang; Susilo, Tarsisius; Yadi, Rahman; Prasetyo, Joko
Journal of Social Research Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v4i6.2576

Abstract

The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (1945) remain pivotal to debates on warfare ethics and international humanitarian law (IHL). Despite extensive historical analysis, gaps persist in reconciling these events with contemporary IHL frameworks and emerging technologies. This study evaluates the bombings’ compliance with IHL principles—distinction, proportionality, and prohibition of unnecessary suffering—and explores their relevance to modern conflict. A qualitative-descriptive, juridical-normative approach analyzes legal documents, historical archives, and hibakusha testimonies. The bombings violated core IHL principles, causing indiscriminate civilian harm (70,000–140,000 deaths) and prolonged suffering (radiation effects, hibakusha accounts). Legal justifications based on "military necessity" fail under proportionality tests. The study underscores the urgency of adapting IHL to address autonomous weapons and cyber warfare, while reinforcing nuclear disarmament efforts. It calls for policy reforms to prioritize civilian protection in 21st-century warfare.
Humanitarian Law Education Strategy for Military Personnel: A Study on Effective Training Programs and Their Impact on Battlefield Behavior Hertanto, Arief Kurniawan; Rozi, Roy Fakhrul; Susilo, Tarsisius; Santoso, Antonius Adi; Zega , Taufik
Journal of Social Research Vol. 4 No. 7 (2025): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v4i7.2620

Abstract

Humanitarian law education for military personnel plays a crucial role in reducing violations of international law during armed conflicts. Humanitarian law aims to protect individuals who are not or are no longer involved in combat, such as civilians and prisoners of war, as well as to limit the means in war to reduce human suffering. This study aims to explore effective strategies for humanitarian law education for military personnel, focusing on training programs implemented in several countries and their impact on soldiers' behavior on the battlefield. Through case studies of training programs in countries that have successfully integrated humanitarian law principles into military education, this research identifies successful approaches as well as challenges faced in its implementation. The findings indicate that a deeper understanding of humanitarian law can enhance military personnel's adherence to international law and reduce violations in the field. This research provides recommendations for the development of more comprehensive and sustainable training programs, integrating ethics, morality, and practical application of humanitarian law in military daily life.
Co-Authors . Limbong, Benny L Abadi, Andi Nur Abda Abda Achyar, Mohammad Adam Darmawan, Marino Adi S, Agustinus Adriono, Rudi Agung, Erwin Agus Supriyanto Akad, Andy Mustafa Alam, Saiful Ali Mahmudi ali, yusuf Alif, Akhmad Amperawan, Cahyadi Amzidil, Lek Andrianto, Febi Andriono , Rudi Antono, Kukuh Dwi Apandi, Asep Apandi, M. Asep Apriyanto, Bambang Arismunandar, Setiawan Aritonang, RH Aritonang, Rudi Hasiholan Arvianto, Tomy Aryaka, Marvien Atmoko, Andriyan Wahyu Dwi Auliadi Santoso, Anugrah Bagiono, Amin Bambang Wijonarko Basuki, Tedy Bawanto, Arief Tri Beruh, Sri Marantika Bimo Risandi, Anton Broto, Fadjar Wahyudi Broto, S. Dhani Budi, I Ketut Setia Budi, Ketut Setia Budi, Lustia Budi, Suntara Wisnu Budiman Budiman Cahyono, Agung Nur Cokabo, David Mulyadi Dadang Hermawan Dewanto, Roli Dhani Broto Nugroho, Sidik Dhani, Sidik Efendi, Didik Effendi, M. Eko Hadiyanto, Yuli Erlangga , Aqsa Firmansyah , Rudi Golkariansyah, Golkariansyah Gunawan, Roma Hadisuseno, Bungkus Halkis, Mhd. Hamel, Boy Yopi Hanla, Hanla Haprabu, Wirasetyo Hartono, Rudi Haryana, Syaid Haryanto Hunsam, Berny Hendrayana, Dadang Hendrik Etwiory, Robinson Heri Susanto, Teguh Hertanto, Arief Kurniawan Ibrohim, Nur Rochmad Imasfy, M. Iskandar, Yulian Istiawan, Istiawan Iswan Nusi, Mohamad Iwan Setiawan Jaya, Dedy Kusuma Johor, Wan Saiful Bahari Bin Wan Joko Prasetyo Kartono, Mandri Kismanto, Totok Prio Komarudin, Dedi Limbong , Benny Leonardo Limbong, Benny Limbong, Beny Leonard Littlejohn, Andrew Lubis, M. Sati Lubis, Zulhamidi Made Mertha Yasa, I Malinton, Yoki Marpaung, Budiman Marpaung, Irfan Satya Prasad Martiono, Frisdian Mattanete, Takdir Milyardin, Ian Rizkian Muhammad Halkis Mustamin Mustamin Napitupulu, Faisal Florance Negara, Agung Perwira Nijo, Jamet Nugroho, Ig Widi Nugroho, Ig. Widi Nugroho, Ignatius Widi Nugroho, Yogi Nurcahyo, Yulianto Nurhidayat Nurhidayat Nurhidayat, I Ketut Bina S, Nursanto, Ukik Ari Nurtono, Adietya Yuni Panggabean, Andar Dodianto Parinussa, Johanis Pinandito, Prasetyo Prakosa, Chandra Ariyadi Prasetyo W., Danang Priyanto Priyanto Priyanto, Yusep Purnawan, Aris Purwanto , Didik Purwanto, Dudik Purwanto, Farid Yudis Putra, Bastian Setya Laksana Putra, Deki Rayusyah Raharja, Raden Yoga Raharjo, Kanang Budi Ramadhanus, Wahyu Ridwan, Yohanas Risandi, Anton Bimo Rozi, Roy Fakhrul RS , Wahyu Rudi Firmansah Saerodin, Rahmad Santosa, Wahyudi Dwi Santoso, Antonius Adi Sarana, Arinto Beny Saroso, Budi Setiawan, Gede Setiyawan, Danang Ary Setyawan, Edy Setyawan Setyoko , Budi Setyoko, Budi Sihombing, Rooy Candra Simangunsong, Rudy Simanjuntak, Arifin Sinaga, Thomas Sinaga, Thomas H.K Sirait, Dinand Tumpak Sitompul, Ely Asyer Soeprianto, Agus Solikhin Solikhin Sudrajat, Mochamad Andri Wahyu Sugir, Sugir Sujiwo, Aji Sultan Alimudin, Andi Sunadi, Sunadi Sunarko Sunarko Supriyo, Sarwo Susanto, Teguh Heri Sutopo, Joko Syah Putra Siregar, Eko Syakur, Nanang Mahfudi T. Wijaya, Xanthoniar Tadung, Rapy Tapayasa, Gusti Bagus Oka Taufik Nur Cahyanto, Taufik Nur Teguh Wibowo Timur, Afrilian Sukarno Triambodo, Reno Triandoko, Febi Triyono Triyono Tuwadi, Tuwadi Utomo, Bambang Prasetyo Wahyu RS, Wahyu RS Wahyudi, Edi Wahyudi, Joko Wahyudi, Tody Warli, Lili Wibowo, Imam Wibowo, Medi Hariyo Widodo, Eko Slamet Widodo, Roni Agus Wijaya, Hilman Winarno, Irwan Aditya Wiseso, Gatot Wisyudha, Wisyudha Wiyono, Sidik Yadi, Rahman Zaenal Arifin Zaman, Komaruz Zega , Taufik Zega, Muhammad Taufiq Zega, Taufiq ‘Alimi, Nur