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Hanita, Margaretha
Program Studi Kajian Ketahanan Nasional, Sekolah Kajian Stratejik & Global, Universitas Indonesia
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Fenomena Bias Politik Media Sosialdalam Polarisasi selama Pemiliham Umum Presiden 2024 Manuputty, Cavin Rubenstein; Hanita, Margaretha; Ritonga, Rajab
Warta Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Warta Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia
Publisher : Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25008/wartaiski.v8i1.371

Abstract

Penelitian ini menguraikan mengenai algoritma rekomendasi dalam media sosial yang mempersonalisasi tampilan konten yang dilihat oleh penggunanya. Personalisasi itu kemudian menciptakan fenomena filter bubble bagi penggunanya. Perilaku pengguna yang juga cenderung memilih konten atau narasi itu menciptakan echo chamber. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif yang menindaklanjuti penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya untuk menjelaskan mengenai filter bubble, echo chamber, dan propaganda di media sosial. Dengan menganalisis konten dan social network analysis (SNA) dari platform Twitter (X), terlihat bahwa pada Pemilihan Presiden Indonesia, kombinasi filter bubble dan echo chamber ini menjadi lahan subur untuk penyebaran propaganda yang menguatkan polarisasi antar pendukung di media sosial. 
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Immigration Violations: A Case Study of 5 Indian Nationals Working on Visitor Visas in Jakarta Rizal Chandrawinata; Margaretha Hanita; Nur Fatwa
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i4.53064

Abstract

The misuse of visit stay permits for work by foreign nationals is a problem that has the potential to negatively impact the economic sector, particularly the collection of Immigration Non-Tax State Revenue (PNBP). This study aims to comprehensively analyze immigration violations and their enforcement against foreign nationals using a cost-benefit analysis approach. This study uses a case study of five Indian citizens working using visit stay permits in Jakarta. This study uses qualitative and quantitative approaches, collecting data from several sources, including analysis of policy documents, data on foreign nationals involved, and calculations of the resulting costs and benefits. The analysis shows that law enforcement is not yet effective enough against violators because it still causes economic impacts (losses in immigration non-tax revenue). Meanwhile, the only benefits obtained are forced removal of foreign nationals from Indonesian territory (deportation) due to immigration violations. This study recommends an immigration law enforcement strategy that emphasizes imposing costs on foreign nationals who violate their stay permits as an effort to recover the losses in immigration non-tax revenue. Therefore, the results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for policymakers in formulating more effective and sustainable immigration policies.
Avoided Loss Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan untuk Keamanan Nasional, Ekologis, dan Human Security Indonesia Khalwani, Khulfi; Hanita, Margaretha; Cipta, Jaya D.
Arus Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora Vol 6 No 1: April (2026)
Publisher : Arden Jaya Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57250/ajsh.v6i1.2463

Abstract

Kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Indonesia merupakan permasalahan lingkungan yang memiliki dampak multidimensional terhadap keamanan nasional, terutama melalui gangguan pada kesehatan masyarakat, stabilitas ekonomi, dan ketahanan sosial. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, terjadi penurunan signifikan luas area terbakar. Namun, capaian tersebut masih cenderung dipahami secara deskriptif dalam perspektif lingkungan, tanpa disertai pengukuran yang memadai terhadap kerugian sosial-ekonomi yang berhasil dicegah, serta belum sepenuhnya ditempatkan dalam kerangka keamanan nasional yang lebih komprehensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi nilai kerugian sosial-ekonomi yang berhasil dihindarkan (avoided loss) akibat penurunan kebakaran hutan dan lahan, sekaligus mereposisi pengendalian karhutla sebagai bentuk aksi iklim yang berkontribusi terhadap penguatan keamanan nasional melalui stabilitas ekologis dan pertahanan non-militer. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain analisis kebijakan, yang diperkaya dengan estimasi ekonomi lingkungan berbasis data sekunder. Perhitungan avoided loss dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan konservatif per hektare dan dianalisis dalam kerangka keamanan non-tradisional. Secara teoretis, penelitian ini mengintegrasikan perspektif konstruktivisme yang memandang ancaman sebagai hasil konstruksi sosial, serta pendekatan human security yang menekankan pentingnya perlindungan lingkungan, kesehatan, dan ekonomi sebagai bagian dari keamanan nasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan sekitar 78% luas karhutla dibandingkan baseline krisis 2019 telah mencegah kerugian sekitar Rp38,7 triliun. Selain memperbaiki kondisi lingkungan, pengendalian karhutla juga menurunkan risiko kesehatan, gangguan ekonomi, dan kerentanan sosial. Dengan demikian, pencegahan karhutla dapat dipahami sebagai bentuk pertahanan preventif non-militer yang memperkuat keamanan nasional melalui perlindungan sistem ekologis dan kesejahteraan manusia dalam menghadapi ancaman perubahan iklim.
Intelligence Collaboration as a Potential Mitigation of the Golden Visa Threat Rakha Candra Permana; Margaretha Hanita; Andry Indrady
Journal of Social Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v3i1.1694

Abstract

The Golden Visa policy, aimed at attracting quality investors and global talents, has gained prominence globally, including in Indonesia through Permenkumham 22 of 2023. This policy is designed to enhance the domestic economy by offering incentives and streamlined processes for foreign investors and talents. However, the potential threat posed by the Golden Visa system is a subject of concern, prompting this research to delve into its implications using qualitative research methods and an inductive approach. The analysis reveals that the potential threat of the Golden Visa lies in its capacity to negatively impact national security. Recognizing the significant role of the Directorate General of Immigration, the agency vested with authority in the immigration sector, becomes crucial in mitigating these threats. The integration of intelligence analysis and collaborative governance within the Directorate General of Immigration can serve as an effective early detection mechanism for potential threats associated with the Golden Visa program. In conclusion, while the Golden Visa policy holds the promise of economic benefits for Indonesia, it is imperative to address and manage the potential security threats it may pose. By leveraging the expertise of immigration authorities and employing strategic intelligence analysis, Indonesia can strike a balance between attracting foreign investments and talents while safeguarding its national security interests.
Utilization of Artificial Intelligence in Combating Transnational Crimes Through the Indonesian Immigration System Adhitya Graha Pratama; Margaretha Hanita; Basir . S
Journal of Business, Social and Technology Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Business, Social and Technology
Publisher : Politeknik Siber Cerdika Internasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59261/jbt.v7i2.636

Abstract

Background: The rise of transnational crimes and digital technology challenges state security, while Indonesia’s limited resources and manual immigration systems hinder crime prevention efforts. Objective: This study aims to analyze the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Indonesia’s immigration system as a strategic instrument for combating transnational crimes from the perspectives of international law and national resilience. Methods: The methodology employed in this study is a literature review, systematically examining reputable international journals, accredited national journals, and scholarly books discussing Artificial Intelligence, transnational crimes, international law, and immigration policies. The analysis applies a normative juridical and conceptual approach to assess the compatibility of AI applications with international legal instruments, such as the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the United Nations Convention against Corruption, as well as Indonesia’s national legal framework. Results: The novelty of this research lies in integrating Artificial Intelligence, international law on transnational crime, immigration functions, and national resilience into a unified analytical framework. AI is viewed not only as an administrative tool but also as a strategic component of national security through border monitoring, risk analysis, biometric identification, and predictive immigration intelligence. The study finds that AI can improve foreign national supervision, accelerate early detection of transnational crimes, and strengthen international cooperation, although its implementation still requires stronger legal frameworks, human rights protection, and clear accountability mechanisms. Conclusion: With an appropriate approach, Artificial Intelligence can serve as a strategic instrument to strengthen Indonesia’s national resilience through an adaptive, modern, and security-oriented immigration system.
Analysis of the policy of sending troublemaking children to military barracks by local governments (case study of the KDM policy in West Java) Teuku Muhammad Arief; Margaretha Hanita
PINISI Discretion Review Volume 9, Issue 2, March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/pdr.v1i2.82631

Abstract

The policy of sending delinquent children to military barracks by the West Java local government aims to address the increasing juvenile delinquency by utilizing military discipline to build strong character and mental resilience. The initiative arose in response to growing concerns over youth involvement in violence, substance abuse, and negative social behaviors, which have raised alarm among parents and educators. This study explores the implementation of this policy using Narrative Policy Analysis (NPA), a method that examines the narratives surrounding the policy and its reception by different stakeholders, including the government, military, and the public. The research finds that while the policy is seen by supporters as an effective means of rehabilitation, offering structure, discipline, and emotional fortitude, critics argue that it violates child protection laws and may exacerbate the stigma and trauma for the children involved. Moreover, there are concerns about the potential for the policy to worsen the psychological well-being of these children by labeling them as “delinquents,” which could have long-term negative effects on their development. The study recommends a more holistic approach to juvenile rehabilitation that prioritizes human rights, psychological support, and family engagement. The implementation of such policies should consider not only the immediate behavioral outcomes but also the overall well-being and future prospects of the children involved, ensuring a balance between discipline and empathy. 
Kebijakan Darurat Keimigrasian di Tengah Konflik Global: Implementasi Izin Tinggal Keadaan Terpaksa (ITKT) bagi WNA Terdampak Perang AS–Iran di Indonesia Muhammad Fauzi; Basir. S; Margaretha Hanita
Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 6 (2026): Jurnal Impresi Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jii.v5i6.7778

Abstract

Konflik bersenjata antara Amerika Serikat, Israel, dan Iran yang memuncak pada Maret 2026 berdampak langsung terhadap mobilitas Warga Negara Asing (WNA) di Indonesia melalui pembatalan masif penerbangan internasional. Direktorat Jenderal Imigrasi merespons dengan meluncurkan kebijakan Izin Tinggal Keadaan Terpaksa (ITKT) yaitu instrumen perlindungan sementara bagi WNA yang tidak dapat meninggalkan Indonesia akibat force majeure geopolitik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pola implementasi ITKT di berbagai wilayah Indonesia, mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung, dan penghambat konsistensinya, serta mengevaluasi relevansinya dalam perspektif hukum keimigrasian dan nilai kemanusiaan. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif berbasis analisis isi pemberitaan media nasional dari berbagai daerah yang terbit pada periode Februari–April 2026. Data dianalisis menggunakan teori implementasi kebijakan Van Meter dan Van Horn (1975), street-level bureaucracy Lipsky (1980), dengan analisis framing entmant dan analisis isi tematik mengacu pada model Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña (2014). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi ITKT berhasil pada dimensi kecepatan respons nasional dengan 795 ITKT diterbitkan dan 265 WNA dibebaskan dari denda overstay namun menampilkan disparitas signifikan antardaerah, dengan Bali paling intensif dan daerah non-bandara utama jauh lebih rendah. Disparitas ini dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan kapasitas institusional, komunikasi kebijakan, dan diskresi birokrat lapangan. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa ITKT merupakan preseden kebijakan imigrasi darurat yang inovatif namun memerlukan formalisasi regulasi yang lebih sistematis agar dapat diterapkan secara konsisten pada krisis geopolitik berikutnya.
Sekuritisasi Migrasi: Tinjauan Gabungan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dan Analisis Bibliometrik Wean Fernanda; Riska Sri Handayani; Margaretha Hanita
Syntax Literate Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia
Publisher : Syntax Corporation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36418/syntax-literate.v11i5.64344

Abstract

Sekuritisasi migrasi telah menjadi isu penting dalam kajian migrasi global karena migrasi semakin dipandang sebagai ancaman terhadap keamanan negara, stabilitas sosial, dan kontrol perbatasan. Fenomena ini mendorong berkembangnya berbagai kebijakan restriktif yang berdampak pada hak asasi manusia dan tata kelola migrasi internasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan kajian sekuritisasi migrasi, mengidentifikasi distribusi penelitian, serta mengevaluasi implikasi teoritis dan praktis untuk arah penelitian di masa depan. Penelitian menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pendekatan bibliometrik berbasis kerangka PRISMA dan perangkat lunak VOSviewer. Data diperoleh dari basis data Scopus menggunakan kata kunci “Securitization of Migration” pada publikasi tahun 1998–2025. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kajian sekuritisasi migrasi mengalami peningkatan signifikan sejak tahun 2013, meskipun jumlah publikasi masih relatif terbatas. Penelitian didominasi oleh negara-negara Barat seperti Inggris dan Amerika Serikat dengan tema utama meliputi migration, security, immigration policy, refugee, dan human rights. Temuan juga menunjukkan bahwa sekuritisasi migrasi cenderung memperkuat pendekatan keamanan negara dibanding keamanan manusia. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sekuritisasi migrasi tetap menjadi topik penting dalam kajian global dan memerlukan pendekatan yang lebih inklusif, etis, serta berbasis hak asasi manusia dalam tata kelola migrasi di masa depan.
Co-Authors Adhitya Graha Pratama Adma, Arinaldo Agus Asari, Alifiana Agus Purwadianto Ahmad Ibrahim Badry Akhlish Dzikrullah Ahmad Alifiana Agus Asari Allo, Elisabeth Ratu Rante Andry Indrady Anriani, Stepi Aprian, Mukti Apriansyah, Tofa Ari Binsar Sihombing Armita Eki Indahsari Arthur Josias Simon Arthur Josias Simon Arthur Josias Simon Runturambi Azhari, Apreza Bahri, M. Mossadeq Basir . S Basir. S Binsar Hatorangan Sianturi Cipta, Jaya D. Danang Nuga Setiawan Daniel Happy Putra Daryanto, Eko Denizar Rahman Dewanto, Helmy Suryo Dewie Mardhani Dharmayudha, I Gede Ngurah Eka Diah Ayu Permatasari Diah Setia Utami DK Nena Tanda Doni Wino Fajar Utomo Doni Wino Fajar Utomo Eko Daryanto Eko Daryanto Eko Daryanto Eva Achjani Zulfa Fahlesa Munabari Fajar Dinar Putri Suseno Firdaus Zul Faqqaur Ananta Yudha Gede Satrya Wibawa Ghafur, Hanief Ghafur, Hanief Saha Ginting, Winardi Hari Purwanto Harsen Roy Tampomuri Husnul Khotimah Imam Supriyadi Iskandar, Anang Josias Simon Runturambi, Arthur Kartiko, Achmad Khalwani, Khulfi Kurniawati Kurniawati Kutoyo Lidyah Ayu Suhito Wardhani M. Mossadeq Bahri Mailan, Ruly Mandela, Aprison Manuputty, Cavin Rubenstein Maria Puspitasari Martha Istyawan Muhamad Syauqillah Muhammad Fauzi Muhammad Oriza Mulya, Ade Mulyadi Mulyadi MUNARNI ASWINDO Nasrudin, Arief Nita, Surya Nuga Setiawan, Danang Nugroho, Bimo Aryo Nur Cholik Widyan Saputra Nur Fatwa Olga Sancaya Dyah Permatasari Pakpahan, Hendra Palupi Lindiasari Samputra Pasaribu, Wempy Paulus Waterpauw Permadi, Edi Pramono, Krido Priscilla Harjanti PURWOKO, BAYU Rahman, Denizar Rahmawati, Fika Dewi Rajab Ritonga, Rajab Rakha Candra Permana Ras, Abdul Rivai Renny Nurhasana Renny Nurhasana Ridwan Arifin Riska Sri Handayani Rizal Chandrawinata Rizky Hendra ROMA MEGAWANTY Roma Megawanty Romadhon, Aditya Runturambi, Arthur Josias Simon Rusli, Adi Saputra Salya, Sundawan Samputra, Palupi Lindiasari Saraswati, Atika Ariyani Septiyanto, Deni Sianipar, Tio Masa Elnitin Sianturi, Binsar H. Simon Runturambi, Arthur Josias sirait, osbenardus Sri Murni Stanislaus Riyanta Sundawan Salya Susanti, Eka Nana Suswandari, Suswandari Sutoyo Sutrisno, Alya Triska Syauqillah, Muhammad Teuku Muhammad Arief Tio Masa Elnitin Sianipar Utari Dwi Prawtiwi Waterpauw, Paulus Wawan Hari Purwanto Wean Fernanda Wempy Pasaribu Winardi Ginting Yoesgiantoro, Donny Yuni Murni Tampomuri Zul Faqqaur Ananta Yudha, Firdaus