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Right to Be Forgotten in Indonesia and Thailand: Human Rights-Based Legal Reform Inspired by Korea, the U.S., and the European Union Ampuan Situmeang; Lu Sudirman; Ida Bagus Rahmadi Supancana; Nurlaily Nurlaily; Hari Sutra Disemadi
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20420285

Abstract

The central legal problem of this study lies in the normative inadequacy and weak enforcement construction of the right to be forgotten within the personal data protection regimes of Indonesia and Thailand amid escalating data breaches in Southeast Asia. This research aims to analyze and compare the normative framework governing the right to be forgotten in Indonesia and Thailand with selected global benchmarks, namely the European Union, South Korea, and the United States, in order to formulate ideal legal constructs adaptable to Southeast Asian contexts. This study employs a normative legal research method supported by a comparative legal approach, examining statutory regulations and secondary legal materials from Indonesia, Thailand, the EU (GDPR), South Korea (PIPA), and the United States (CCPA). The findings reveal that although Indonesia’s Personal Data Protection Law and Thailand’s Personal Data Protection Act formally recognize deletion rights, both frameworks remain incomplete due to limited procedural clarity, weak dispute resolution mechanisms, insufficient third-party deletion obligations, and ambiguous safeguards against re-identification risks. In contrast, the EU’s GDPR mandates third-party takedown obligations and imposes severe financial sanctions, South Korea’s PIPA provides strict deletion duties combined with criminal penalties, and the CCPA establishes structured compliance and notification mechanisms. Consequently, strengthening enforcement pathways, clarifying procedural guarantees, and integrating stricter controller obligations are essential for Indonesia and Thailand to ensure effective realization of the right to be forgotten in rapidly expanding digital societies.
Legal protections against unfair competition in e-commerce: Analysis of Indonesian and Thailand framework adequacy Lu Sudirman; Nipon Sohheng; Agustianto; Shenti Agustini; Nurlaily
Jurnal Hukum Novelty Vol. 16 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/jhn.v16i1.29157

Abstract

Introduction to the Problem: Unfair competition threatens economic growth and is harder to detect in the digital era. For Indonesia and Thailand, growing digital economies depend on fair online marketplaces, yet these platforms face risks like price manipulation and visibility bias. Addressing these issues is crucial to unlocking their global trade potential. Purpose/Study Objectives: The purpose of this research is to analyze the normative potentials and challenges in enforcing antitrust laws in Indonesian and Thai online marketplaces, particularly in addressing antitrust challenges that are unique to the digital environment. Design/Methodology/Approach: This research utilizes normative legal research method and a comparative legal approach to examine the frameworks for protecting against unfair competition in online marketplaces in Indonesia and Thailand. Findings: Findings of this study highlight that the existing antitrust laws in Indonesia and Thailand are not equipped to address the unique challenges of digital markets, such as algorithm-driven price fixing, product visibility manipulation, and data monopoly. The study proposes a legal framework model focusing on enhancing algorithmic transparency, ensuring search neutrality, establishing robust market monitoring, and integrating data governance with antitrust measures. This model aims to bolster fair competition and consumer protection, positioning both nations to leverage their digital economy potentials effectively. Paper Type: Research Article
Comparison of Judges' Considerations in Land Dispute Settlement with the Same Case in Ensuring Legal Certainty Chandra Simbolon; Lu Sudirman; Triana Dewi Seroja
Journal of Judicial Review Vol. 28 No. 1 (2026): June 2026 (Articles in Press)
Publisher : Universitas Internasional Batam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37253/jjr.v28i1.12208

Abstract

Land disputes constitute a significant issue in the relationship between the public and the government, particularly when administrative decisions affect land rights. This study examines a comparative analysis of judicial reasoning in two decisions of the Tanjung Pinang Administrative Court (PTUN) involving identical factual backgrounds, namely Decision No. 3/G/2024/PTUN.TPI and Decision No. 4/G/2024/PTUN.TPI. The study highlights the dynamics of judicial decisions across three levels of adjudication, namely the court of first instance, appellate review, and cassation, with the aim of assessing the consistency in the application of the principle of legal certainty. The findings reveal that although both cases involve similar objects and parties, the Supreme Court issued contradictory cassation rulings. This inconsistency gives rise to legal uncertainty and has the potential to undermine public trust in the judicial system. Employing a normative juridical approach combined with a case study method, this article emphasizes the importance of harmonizing legal interpretation and ensuring equal treatment in the resolution of land disputes in order to uphold justice and sustainable legal certainty.
Aligning Intellectual Property Rights with Climate Imperatives: A Comparative Study of Plant Variety Protection Lu Sudirman; Rufinus Hotmaulana Hutauruk; Agustianto Agustianto; Nurlaily Nurlaily; Hari Sutra Disemadi
QONUN: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-undangan Vol 10 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : FASYA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21093/qj.v10i1.12706

Abstract

Indonesia's agricultural sector has been ridden with stagnation and mismanagement, contrasting Singapore, which despite the lack of potential, has been able to facilitate its agricultural sector to thrive while aligning with sustainability. In this context, Indonesia's Plant Variety Protection (PVP) Law represents an IPR regime that can be analyzed further to explore the potential of helping Indonesia tackle climate change. This research analyzes the legal capacity of Indonesia’s PVP regime to integrate climate action initiatives, which provides a novel perspective by bridging intellectual property rights and sustainability, with the added comparative angle of Singaporean perspective. The findings of this research indicate that Indonesia's PVP regime is outdated and ill-equipped to accommodate the regime’s inherent potential in being a part of the climate action. In contrast, Singapore boasts a more robust legal framework that has facilitated the growth of its modern agricultural sector, despite resource constraints, along with the lack of direct normative connection between sustainability and the PVP regime, due to supporting normative architectures. The perspective from Singapore represents a potential model for Indonesia to consider as it seeks to enhance its PVP regime and align it with broader climate change mitigation strategies.
Dark Patterns and Consumer Welfare in Digital Banking Practices in Southeast Asia: A Study of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Vietnam Agustianto Agustianto; Nurlaily Nurlaily; Lu Sudirman; Nur Fatihah; Hari Sutra Disemadi
Politica: Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara dan Politik Islam Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026): Politica: Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara dan Politik Islam
Publisher : Prodi Tata Negara (Siyasah) IAIN Langsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/politica.v13i1.14531

Abstract

Consumer welfare in digital banking environment has become increasingly important, as dark patterns have been observed to have continued to emerge in many digital spaces. This subtle yet dangerous modern iteration of old unethical trade practices presents a serious threat to growing economies like Indonesia, Malaysia, and Vietnam, that are increasingly reliant on digital banking services in daily life activities. This study employs the normative legal research method and comparative approach to assess the key legal implications of dark patterns on banking consumers’ welfare and how the existing relevant frameworks are responding to this significant threat. Analyses made throughout the study highlight that all three jurisdictions exhibit a bifurcated inadequacy where general consumer protection laws lack digital-specific application mechanisms, while banking regulations prioritize prudential soundness over interface-level manipulation. Despite the divergent nature of the gaps found, UI/UX interface regulation remains the biggest gap that all three countries are dealing with, which is the primary manifestation of dark patterns. The study recommends establishing mandatory interface design standards supervised by regulatory authorities capable of imposing ex ante structural obligations on banks, to ensure that consumer welfare remains the paramount importance in ever-so-essential digital banking services.
Co-Authors ., Jane Abao, Grace Angela Adristy, Baiq Shefania Agustianto Agustianto Agustianto, Agustianto Agustini, Shenti Ahmad, Faradina Alhakim, Abdurrakhman Amboro, F. Yudhi Priyo Ang Terina Angel Tng Antony Arifiyansyah, R. Muhammad Arfit Arwa Meida Aninda Ayunda, Rahmi Bachtiar, Ronald Reagan Jap Bago, Ester Intensis Bajury, Mimi Sintia Mohd Bayu Anggara, Sultan Celline, Celline Cendy Glaksy Chairunnisa Chairunnisa Chandra Simbolon Cynthia Putri Guswandi David Tan Denygianto Halim Desy Crisyanti Dhani, Ayen Sephia Disemadi, Hari Sutra Dwiki Surya Pratama Elza Syarief, Elza Eny Eny Eny, Eny Eva Dian Sari Excel Brayen Sandoval Farahdina, Farahdina Fatihah, Nur Febri Jaya Febriyani, Emiliya Ferryanto, Justitia Fiona Fiona Fiorentine, Jasisca Fitri, Winda FL. Yudhi Priyo Amboro, FL. Yudhi Priyo Fraiskam, Natasha Girsang, Junimart Gita Aulia Guswandi, Cynthia Putri Haris, Muhammad Tan Abdul Rahman Haryati, Lily Hendry Naga Wijaya Hendryani Hendryani Hendryani, Hendryani Henry Soelistyo Budi, Henry Soelistyo Heru Susetyo Hutahuruk, Rufinus Hutauruk, Rufinus Hotmaulana Ida Bagus Rahmadi Supancana Insti, Putri Deviana Irawati, Jovita Iswara, Vizta Dana Jacelyn Jacelyn Jacelyn, Jacelyn Jaya, Febri Jerryen, Jerryen Jessca Jessca Jessca, Jessca Jessie Limmousine Jessy Wijaya Joel Jordan Tobing Jonkarlo, Edson Jonker Sihombing Julvina, Julvina Junimart Girsang Junimat Girsang Jur. M. Udin Silalahi Karim, Justin Joy Kevin Charles Lee, Michelle Lendrawati Lendrawati, Lendrawati Leonardo, Steven Lie, Cindy Maharani Siregar, Ghea Regita Malau, Hotmaulina Manurung, Intan Manurung, Kevin John Paul Marfin Timu Apy Phymma Mega Tri Astuti Mrs. Feronica Mrs. Feronica Naga Wijaya, Hendry Nipon Sohheng Nisa Nurfitri Nur Fatihah Nurfitri, Nisa Nurjanah, Listia Nurlaily Nurlaily Nurlaily NURLAILY, NURLAILY Oktavia, Ariani Park, Jihyun Prastiyo, La Ode Agung Pratama, Dwiki Surya Priyo Amboro, Florianus Yudhi Priyo Sambodo Raziansyah, Reza Philafi Rina Shahriyani Shahrullah Ritonga, Moehammad Mahastar Romadona, Hanifah Ghafila Rudolf Haiti Rufinus Hotmaulana Hutahuruk Sahputra, Rendi Santoso, Deddy saputra tanwir, yopta eka Saputra, Dedi Eka Sari, Rayon Seroja, Triana Dwi Setiawan, Marthalia Sherlin Sherlin Shinta . Siahaan, Hervyan Siburian, Hasoloan Silviani, Ninne Zahara Simatupang, Ampuan Sirait, Regina Ulianna Siregar, Zulhirdan Situmeang, Ampuan Stella Theo Steven Steven Steven Steven Sulastri Sulastri Sultan Bayu Anggara Syahputri, Della Hervi Syamsiar, Syamsiar Syrief, Elza Tan, David Tan, Winsherly Terina, Ang Tobing, Dian Riama L Tobing, Joel Jordan Tony Tony Triana Dewi Seroja Triana Dewi Seroja Trisetyo, Muhammad Dhimas Udu, Jericho Utari Afnesia Wagiman, Wagiman Warianto, Wahyudi Widi Waisaka Windi Afdal, Windi Winnie Stevani Wisnu Yuwono Yan Pin Zulfi, Natasya Artameivia Zulhirdan Siregar