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Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass with a Concentrated Solar Power: a Review Sri Aulia Novita; Santosa Santosa; Nofialdi Nofialdi; Andasuryani Andasuryani; Ahmad Fudholi; Perdana Putera
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (342.101 KB) | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v6i2.62

Abstract

Indonesia's biomass energy potential is estimated at around 49,810 MW and is very adequate for the development go renewable energy. An example of a biomass conversion technique is pyrolysis which converts biomass into bio-oil. The optimum temperature for the pyrolysis process is 300-600 0C. Parameters that affect the pyrolysis process such as pretreatment of the material, moisture content and particle size of the material, the composition of biomass compounds, the effect of temperature, heating rate, gas flow rate, type of pyrolysis, and pyrolysis reactor. This is a thermochemical technique in which biomass waste is converted into solid fuel (char), producer gas (syngas), and liquid (bio-oil) without oxygen in a reactor. This article contains a comprehensive review of biomass conversion techniques to bio-oil using the solar energy-based fast pyrolysis method. Furthermore, the exposure used was based on the publication source, year, origin country, research methodology, and focus area. Most research has been empirical and mainly focused on fast pyrolysis and its influencing factors. There are several studies, information, and research recommendations described in this article.
Biodiesel Production from Rubber Seed Oil as An Alternative Energy Source – A Review Herawati Budiastuti; Nira Aulia Hanifah; Devita Utami Mardiani; Haryadi Haryadi; Rusdianasari Rusdianasari; Ahmad Fudholi
Jurnal Internasional Penelitian Teknologi Terapan Vol 3 No 2 (2022): October 2022
Publisher : Bandung State Polytechnic (Politeknik Negeri Bandung)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/ijatr.v3i2.92

Abstract

Biodiesel is one of alternative energies that can be used to overcome problem caused by limited amount of fossil fuels reserved. Biodiesel can be made from rubber seed oil that has high potencies in Indonesia. The availability of rubber seed is quite much with more than 3-million-hectare rubber plantation area. The production of biodiesel from rubber seed oil has been carried out by several researchers using various methods. Therefore, this study was conducted as a review to obtain optimum operation conditions and effect of antioxidant addition in biodiesel production. Production methods of biodiesel from rubber seed oil observed in this study are esterification-transesterification, one stage transesterification, and in situ transesterification methods. Types of antioxidant added to biodiesel from rubber seed oil observed are TBHQ, D-TBHQ, BHA, BHT, PG, and OG. Esterification-transesterification was chosen as the most effective method in producing biodiesel with a minimum yield of 96.4%. Antioxidant addition of TBHQ with 1000 × 10-6 (ω) dosage was selected as the most effective to increase biodiesel induction period to become 6.41 hours, fulfilling the SNI 7182-2015 standard, which is minimum of 6 hours. Standard used as the reference for observing biodiesel parameters is SNI 7182-2015.
Trends in the learning style of aviation polytechnic cadets during distance learning Moch. Rifai; Ade Irfansyah; Yuyun Suprapto; Sudrajat Sudrajat; Novita Vindri Harini; Setiyo Setiyo; Asep Muhamad Soleh; Ahmad Fudholi
Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan Vol 28, No 2 (2022): (October)
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jptk.v28i2.53682

Abstract

In the era of education 4.0 which is characterized by the use of digital technology, the learning process is not limited to space and time. This allows the implementation of distance learning as a springboard for a new educational model. The Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic is a vocational education institution under the supervision of Direktorat Kelaikudaraan dan Pengoperasian Pesawat Udara (DKPPU). DKPPU as the airworthiness and operation authority has issued letter regarding the online learning system method due to the covid pandemic. One of the determining factors for the success of learning process is the use of appropriate learning media. The choice of learning media influenced by the characteristics of the learner. Therefore, it is important to know the learning styles of students. Thus, this study aims to determine the learning style tendencies of Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic cadets to obtain recommendations for selecting the right media in distance learning. The data collection process involved 900 cadets who were asked to fill out a learning style questionnaire which would later be analyzed quantitatively. For data triangulation, interview sessions were also held for selected cadets. From the results of data analysis, it was concluded that the Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic cadets tended to have visual learning styles (54% or 485 cadets) and auditory (13% or 121 cadets). So, the media recommendations are audio/video tutorials, interactive multimedia, and simulator software. However, a total of 126 cadets do not know their learning styles. They need to be assisted in-class during class learning to increase achievement motivation.
Review on Anticancer Activity of Essential Metal Dithiocarbamate Complexes Rizal Irfandi; Indah Raya; Ahyar Ahmad; Ahmad Fudholi; Hasnah Natsir; Desy Kartina; Harningsih Karim; Santi Santi; Subakir Salnus
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 22, No 6 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.73738

Abstract

The importance of essential metal ions and their metal complexes in the creation of prospective medical therapies has long been recognized. In chemistry, molecular biology, and medicinal fields; the interaction of metal complexes with DNA has been a subject of study. The dithiocarbamate essential metal complex is described extensively in the literature for its various benefits and advantages. With proper use of ligands, it is proven to increase the cytotoxic activity of metal complexes against cancer cells. Some researches have shown significant progress regarding the biological activities of the dithiocarbamate essential metal complex as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer agents. Metal complexes form complexes with dithiocarbamate ligands with unique structural variations. In this study, we presented an overview of the cytotoxic effects of some dithiocarbamate essential metal complexes on cancer cells, as well as fresh approaches to the design of essential metal-based therapeutics containing dithiocarbamate and molecular targets in cancer therapy. This review may provide an update on recent developments in the medicinal use of essential metals with dithiocarbamate ligands, carried out to identify recent relevant literature. Finally, we predict that the essential metal complexed with dithiocarbamate can be a new breakthrough in the future development of cancer drugs.
Component degradation and system deterioration: An overview of early termination of PV-DG microgrid system Tinton Dwi Atmaja; Dalila Mat Said; Sevia Mahdaliza Idrus; Ahmad Fudholi; Nasarudin Ahmad; Dian Andriani; Ahmad Rajani; Sohrab Mirsaeidi; Haznan Abimanyu
Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology Vol 13, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/j.mev.2022.v13.201-213

Abstract

Degradation of components and system failure within the microgrid system is deteriorating the performance of electrification. The aim of this study is to discuss the relationship and connections between issues resulting from degradation and deterioration in the microgrid system, in addition to introducing the prominent impacts which may eventually lead to the premature termination of the microgrid system. This study explored the microgrid degradation and deterioration issues within four microgrid sections: generation section, storage section, transmission section, and distribution section. Subsequently, this study analyzes, derives, and classifies all emerging issues into four types of prominent impacts. The degradation and deterioration invoked many component performance issues into four main damaging outcomes, namely (i) deteriorated transmission line yielded issues regarding expected energy not achieved; (ii) energy deficit and unpredicted blackout come after the depth of discharge (DOD) reduction and invoke a loss of power supply; (iii) a shorter battery life cycle, shorter transformer lifespan, and decreased DG lifetime concluded as a shorter microgrid life expectancy; and (iv) rapid microgridbroke down and the crash of the key component inadvertently fastened the time to failure and gave rise to the early failure of a microgrid system. It is envisaged that the discussion in this study can provide useful mapped information for the researcher, stakeholder, operator, and other parties for thoroughly addressing various degradation and deterioration issues and anticipating the early termination of the microgrid system.
Environmental-Economic Analysis of Portable Mixed-Mode Greenhouse Dryer for Fig Leaves Wan Nurlaila Mat Desa; Surya Dailiati; Hernimawati Hernimawati; Mulianti Mulianti; Hasna Rifdah Khairunnisa; Faisal Mahfud; Haznan Abimanyu; Ahmad Fudholi
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v7i1.113

Abstract

Energy and environomical analysis play important role in designing a solar thermal drying system as these analyses identify the high energy-consuming area, formulate energy-saving measures and evaluate the size of any potential savings. In this study, a greenhouse solar dryer with a double-pass multi-hollow collector for leaf drying was evaluated using environmental-economic analysis. Environmental analysis includes the determination of embodied energy, energy payback time (EPBT) period, as well as CO2 emissions per year, carbon mitigation and carbon credit. The embodied energy of a passive dryer is 606.86 kWh and EPBT of 16.68 years, while for an active dryer, the values are determined at 636.17 kWh and 10.39 years, respectively. CO2 emission for the passive dryer is 47.17 kg per year, net CO2 mitigation of 124.6 kg, and earned carbon credit of RM 2.58 – RM 12.38. The active dryer has CO2 emission of 47.14 kg, net CO2 mitigation of 594 kg, and earned carbon credit of RM 51.95 – RM 247.66. Economic analysis of this dryer shows that the energy cost associated with its operation ranges from RM 1.59 to RM 4.77, monthly.
Performance of low-cost solar radiation logger Agus Risdiyanto; Ant. Ardath Kristi; Agus Junaedi; Bambang Susanto; Noviadi A. Rachman; Anwar Muqorobin; Harjono P. Santosa; Ahmad Fudholi
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 13, No 4: August 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v13i4.pp3885-3894

Abstract

In solar power systems, irradiance value data are among the most important parameters. Such data can be used in installing photovoltaic (PV) modules, such as determining the exact location, tilt angle, and required area, for optimal power efficiency. In this study, the comprehensive simulation and implementation of a solar radiation meter with a PV cell and temperature sensor are presented. The irradiance measurement value is based on the power reading generated by the small capacity of the PV cell at a specific load converted into a digital value in the microcontroller using the implicit Newton polynomial interpolation (NPI) equation as a low-cost alternative method. The effect of temperature is included in the conversion to obtain precise measurement results. Firstly, the structure and characteristics of the PV cell are discussed. Secondly, the parameters, measuring method, and conversion of the measurement reading data using the NPI equation are presented to assess the results. Finally, the simulation of the solar radiation meter using the PSIM and implementation of the hardware are conducted to validate the concepts and compare their results. The proposed hardware has an average error of 2.72% in the implementation of the measurement test.
Runner profile optimisation of gravitational vortex water turbine Ridwan Arief Subekti; Sastra Kusuma Wijaya; Arief Sudarmaji; Tinton Dwi Atmaja; Budi Prawara; Anjar Susatyo; Ahmad Fudholi
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 13, No 5: October 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v13i5.pp4777-4788

Abstract

This study discusses the numerical optimisation and performance testing of the turbine runner profile for the designed gravitational water vortex turbine. The initial design of the turbine runner is optimised using a surface vorticity algorithm coded in MATLAB to obtain the optimal stagger angle. Design validation is carried out using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Ansys CFX to determine the performance of the turbine runner with the turbulent shear stress transport model. The CFD analysis shows that by optimising the design, the water turbine efficiency increases by about 2.6%. The prototype of the vortex turbine runner is made using a 3D printing machine with resin material. It is later tested in a laboratory-scale experiment that measures the shaft power, shaft torque and turbine efficiency in correspondence with rotational speeds varying from 150 to 650 rpm. Experiment results validate that the optimised runner has an efficiency of 45.3% or about 14% greater than the initial design runner, which has an efficiency of 39.7%.
Feasibility of Air Conditioning (AC) Utilization as Heat Pump System for Fish Cracker Drying Machine Cintopa Satria Adepradana; Ahmad Fudholi; Muhammad Zurhalki
AMPLITUDO : Journal of Science and Technology Inovation Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Agustus
Publisher : Balai Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56566/amplitudo.v2i2.114

Abstract

Fish crackers are one of the most popular snacks in Southeast Asian countries, including Malaysia. Traditionally, the process of fish crackers drying usually uses sun drying method. The problem of this method is uncontrollable weather conditions. Drying of fish crackers requires an alternative in the drying process. The heat pump is the most effective and controllable alternative dryer in reducing the moisture content of the material. Air Conditioning (AC) is one type of heat pump. The heat produced by the AC condenser can be used to dry fish crackers. In this study, the AC utilization as a heat pump system to dry fish crackers has an Evaporate Capacity (EC) of 1,838kg/h, a Specific Moisture Extraction Rate (SMER) of 1,998kg/kWh, and a Specific Energy Consumption (SEC) of 0.425kWh/kg of dry crackers. This drying machine is also economically feasible because it has an NPV> 0 which is RM28201.58 with an investment period of 1 year.
Mathematical Model of the Thermal Performance of Double-Pass Solar Collector for Solar Energy Application in Sierra Leone Abu Bakarr Momodu Bangura; Ridho Hantoro; Ahmad Fudholi; Pierre Damien Uwitije
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 11, No 2 (2022): May 2022
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2022.41349

Abstract

The primary aim of this study was to utilize thermal energy for drying applications on March 21 (day of the year, n = 80) for the climatic weather conditions of Freetown, Sierra Leone. We evaluated the heat absorption of a double-pass solar air collector based on its configuration and exterior input variables before it was designed and mounted at the location of interest. This study considered a steady-state heat transfer using the thermal network procedure for thermodynamic modeling of a double-pass solar collector developed for drying and heating purposes. A mathematical model defining the thermophysical collector properties and many heat transfer coefficients is formed and numerically solved for this purpose. Indeed, this helped us generate the hourly temperature of different heat collector components, which aided in the performance evaluation of the system. The impact of the fluid flowing inside the collector on the temperature of the exit air was analyzed. It was observed that a flow rate of 0.02 kg/s produced an output of 91.72°C. The system's thermal efficiency improves with increased flow rate at various solar radiation intensities. It was observed that the thermal efficiency of the collector increases from 29% to 67% at flow rates of 0.01–0.3 kg/s. Collector lengths of 1.4 and 2.4 m are observed to be economically viable. An increase in the flow rate caused an increase on the efficiency. The hourly outputs for the collector components were represented graphically, and the curve patterns were similar to those of previous studies.
Co-Authors - Andasuryani Abrar Ridwan Abu Bakarr Momodu Bangura Achmad, Alamsyah Adnan Ibrahim Agus Junaedi Agus Risdiyanto Agus Risdiyanto Ahmad Fazlizan Abdullah Ahmad Rajani Ahmad Rajani Ahmad Rajani Ahmad, Nasarudin Ahmed Mohamed Omer Abdulmula Ahyar Ahmad Amanda Halim Amiral Aziz Andri Joko Purwanto Andri Setiawan Anjar Susatyo Anjar Susatyo Ant. Ardath Kristi Ant. Ardath Kristi Anwar Anwar Anwar Muqorobin Apriwandi . Ari Pani Desvina Ari Pani Desvina Arief Sudarmaji Arief Wisaksono Arifin, Muhammad Subhan Asep Rachmat, Asep Awaludin Martin Azizatun Nikmah, Nur Sani Bahtiar Bahtiar Bahtiar, Bahtiar Bambang Susanto Bambang, Muhammad Refo Bangura, Abu Bakarr Momodu Budi Prawara Budi Prawara Burhanuddin, Fachrurrazi Chan Hoy Yen Cheku Nurul Aisyah Chitraningrum, Nidya Cintopa Satria Adepradana Cipta Endyana Dalila Mat Said Dalmasius Ganjar Subagio Damawidjaya Biksono Damayanti, Isniwana Darussalam, Rudi David Setiawan Desy Kartina Devita Utami Mardiani Dewi Jannati, Eidelwei Dian Andriani Erie Martides Erman Taer Erwin Susanto Faisal Mahfud Fazleena Musthafa, Mariyam Fikri Nur Rohman Fitrotun Aliyah Galih R, Sayid Ghalya Pikra Goh Li Jin Hadi Sirad, Mochammad Apriyadi Hajar Mawaddah Hanny Hafiar Hardani, H Harjono P. Santosa Harningsih Karim Hartono Hartono Hartono Hartono Haryadi Haryadi Hasna Rifdah Khairunnisa Hasnah Natsir Hazim Moria Haznan Abimanyu Haznan Abimanyu Hendri Maja Saputra Herawati Budiastuti Hernimawati Hernimawati Heru Prasetyo Husam Abdulrasool Hasan Indah Raya Intan Noviantari Manyoe Irfandi, Rizal Irfansyah, Ade Ishak, Iskandar Shah Ismail, Kamarulafizam Isniwana Damayanti Ivan Taslim Izza Anshory Jalal Assadeg Jamaaluddin Jayawarsa, A.A. Ketut Julnaidi, Julnaidi Junaedi, Agus Kadek Heri Sanjaya Kamaruzzaman Sopian Kamaruzzaman Sopian Kamaruzzaman Sopian Kamaruzzaman Sopian Kamaruzzaman Sopian Khairiah, Khairiah Kholidil Amin Komarudin, Udin Koswara, Engkos Koto, Arthur Gani Kristi, Ant. Ardath Lady Silk Moonlight Lalu Ahmad Didik Meiliyadi Lalu Darmawan Bakti, Lalu Darmawan Lia Afriyanti Nasution Lim Chin Haw M. Khadafi Somwong Majid Khan Bin Majahar Ali Majid Khan Bin Majahar Ali Majid Khan Majahar Ali Mardiansah, Fajril Mariyam Fazleena Musthafa Mariyam Fazleena Musthafa Mat Said, Dalila Merita Ayu Indrianti Moch. Rifai Mohammad Hossein Yazdi Mohd Awang Kechik Mohd Hafidz Ruslan Mohd Hafidz Ruslan Mohd Hafidz Ruslan Mohd Yusof Othman Mohd-Zawawi, Fazila Mohd. Tahir Ismail Muh. Wahyudi Muhammad Zohri Muhammad Zohri Muhammad Zohri Muhammad Zohri Muhammad Zohri Muhammad Zohri Muhammad Zohri, Muhammad Muhammad Zurhalki Mukhtar Mukhtar Mulianti Muslizainun Mustapha Mustaji Mustaji, Mustaji Mustapha, Muslizainun Nasarudin Ahmad Naseem Akhtar Nilofar Asim Nira Aulia Hanifah Nofialdi, Nofialdi Noorden, Zulkarnain Ahmad Novi Yanti Noviadi A. Rachman Noviadi Arief Rachman Novita Vindri Harini Nugroho, Muhammad Very Nur Farhana Mohd Razali Nur Farhana Mohd Razali Nurato Nurato Nurul Shahirah Binti Rukman Nurul Shahirah Binti Rukman Nurul Shahirah Binti Rukman Nurul Shahirah Rukman Nurul Syakirah Nazri PERDANA PUTERA Pierre Damien Uwitije Pola Risma Prakoso, Aji Putro Prastawa, Andhika Prastowo , Ari Agung Putri Adia Utari Putri, Rahma Lia Putu Yudhistira Budhi Setiawan Radiansah, Yadi Rahmadeni Rahmadeni Rajani, Ahmad Rakhmad Indra Pramana RD Kusumanto Rezavidi, Arya Ridho Hantoro Ridho Hantoro Ridwan Abdurrahman Ridwan Arief Subekti Ridwan Arief Subekti Ridwan Arief Subekti Ridwan Arief Subekti rifa'i, Muhammad Rifai, Moch. Rika Taslim Rudi Darussalam Rusdianasari Rusdianasari Rusdianasari Rusdianasari Rusman Rusman Sa'adah, Nila Saefudin, Deny Bayu Sakuraba, Takahiro Saleem H. Zaidi Santi Santi Santosa Santosa Sapari, Norazliani MD Saprizal Hadisaputra Sastra Kusuma Wijaya Satibi Satibi Setiyo Setiyo Sevia Mahdaliza Idrus Sofyan Sofyan Sohif Mat Sohrab Mirsaeidi Soleh, Asep Muhamad Sopian, Kamaruzzaman Sri Aulia Novita Sri Aulia Novita Stephen Phillips Subagyo Subagyo Subakir Salnus Sudibyo, Henny sudirman palaloi sudrajat sudrajat Suhanto, Suhanto Sukarwoto Surya Dailiati Susatyo, Anjar Syamsul Kurniawan Tinton Dwi Atmaja Tinton Dwi Atmaja Tinton Dwi Atmaja Tresna Dewi Tri Suyono Uce Lestari Uce Lestari Usman Usman Uwitije, Pierre Damien Wahid, Mazlan Abdul Wahyudi, Muh. Wan Nurlaila Mat Desa Wan Nurlaila Yusra Mat Desa Wirawan Piseno Yasin, Mohd Fairus Mohd Yendra, Rado Yurni Oktarina Yusof Othman, Mohd Yuyun Suprapto Zahira Yaakob Zainal Ahnur Zauhari, Azi Zeki Ahmed Darwish Zulfatri Aini