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All Journal IAES International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA) VALENSI Jurnal Neutrino : jurnal fisika dan aplikasinya Erudio: Journal of Educational Innovation SEMIRATA 2015 Jurnal Tadris Kimiya Science and Technology Indonesia Alotrop Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Kimia JIPF (Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Fisika) Momentum: Physics Education Journal AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal Science and Physics Education Journal (SPEJ) Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Journal of Science Education Research PENDIPA Journal of Science Education BIOEDUSAINS: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains Zero : Jurnal Sains, Matematika, dan Terapan JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI Jurnal Paedagogy Eduproxima : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan IPA Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia Prima Abdika: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat IJORER : International Journal of Recent Educational Research International Journal of Research in Education (IJRE) Jurnal Inovasi Pengabdian Masyarakat Pendidikan Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Jurnal Ilmu dan Inovasi Fisika Physics and Science Education Journal (PSEJ) Papanda Journal of Mathematics and Sciences Research Aktual : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Andromeda: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Rafflesia Journal of Environment and Sustainability Education Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education al Kimiya : Jurnal Ilmu Kimia dan Terapan Jurnal Perikanan IJIS Edu : Indonesian Journal of Integrated Science Education
M. Lutfi Firdaus
Universitas Bengkulu
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Analisis Kadar Bioetanol Berbahan Baku Limbah Ampas Tebu (Saccharum officinarum) Campuran Kulit Jagung (Zea mays) pada Konteks Teknologi Ramah Lingkungan Vazella Lavenia Lorenza; Rendy Wikrama Wardana; Ariefa Primair Yani; Purwanti Widhy Hastuti; M. Lutfi Firdaus
BIOEDUSAINS:Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): BIOEDUSAINS:Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains
Publisher : Institut Penelitian Matematika, Komputer, Keperawatan, Pendidikan dan Ekonomi (IPM2KPE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31539/bioedusains.v8i2.14894

Abstract

This study purpose to see the levels of bioethanol produced by bagasse and corn husks with yeast, NPK and urea compositions. The method used in the study was an experiment with a predetermined ratio and fermentation time variables of 7, 14, and 21 days. Quantitative data were analyzed by calculating the average bioethanol levels and bioethanol volumes presented in table form. Meanwhile qualitative data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the highest bioethanol levels were in composition A (100% yeast) with a bioethanol content of 36,7% fermented for 21 days. The lowest bioethanol levels were in composition B (100% Urea) with a bioethanol content of 3,3% fermentation time of 7 days. The conclusion of this study shows that the volume of bioethanol has no effect on the levels of bioethanol produced, but this is not constant, because it can be influenced by other factors such as the duration of fermentation time, the materials used and the microbiological conditions during the fermentation process.  Keywords: Sugarcane Bagasse, Bioethanol, Corn Husk, Environmentally Friendly Technology.
Optimalisasi Fermentasi Bioetanol Campuran Batang Pisang (Musa paradisiaca) dan Bonggol Jagung (Zea mays) dengan Variasi Perlakuan dan Waktu Khairul Hidayah; Endang Widi Winarni; Rendy Wikrama Wardana; M. Lutfi Firdaus; Hayuni Retno Widarti
BIOEDUSAINS:Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains Vol. 8 No. 5 (2025): Bioedusains: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains
Publisher : Institut Penelitian Matematika, Komputer, Keperawatan, Pendidikan dan Ekonomi (IPM2KPE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31539/0n6tq123

Abstract

This study aims to determine the ethanol content from banana stem and corn cob residues with variations in treatment and fermentation time using a starter culture to accelerate the fermentation process. The method used was an experimental design with treatment variations and fermentation times of 9, 12, and 15 days. Quantitative data were analyzed by measuring the average ethanol content and volume produced for each treatment and fermentation time, then presented in graphical form. The results showed that the highest ethanol content was obtained in treatment A (100% yeast) with 20% ethanol after 15 days of fermentation. In conclusion, the longer the fermentation time, the higher the ethanol content; however, the effect of fermentation time was not always consistent because ethanol content is influenced by the materials used, fermentation duration, and the condition of microorganisms during the fermentation process. Keywords: Banana Stem Residues, Bioethanol, Corn Cob Residues, Environmentally Friendly Technology
Optimizing field work practices in vocational schools by developing a management information system Mutia Liana; M Lutfi Firdaus; Manap Somantri
JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia)
Publisher : Indonesian Institute for Counseling, Education and Theraphy (IICET)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29210/020243609

Abstract

The management information system is not yet optimal. This research aims to develop a work practice management information system for vocational school students. The method used in development is the SLDC waterfall model. Management, database, and website feasibility data are obtained through feasibility sheets. Trial data via questionnaire. Descriptive data analysis. The results of the feasibility assessment of the work practice management information system carried out by management experts, database experts and website experts indicate that it is suitable for use. Respondents gave positive responses. The developed management information system can simplify data management and make it easier to make decision data on vocational school students' field work practice.
Pengembangan Metode Digital Image Colorimetry (DIC) Untuk Penentuan Kesegaran Ikan Berbasis Smartphone Syahra Khairunnisa; Mukti Dono Wilopo; Yar Johan; M. Lutfi Firdaus; Firdha Iresta Wardani
Vol 16 No 1 (2026): JURNAL PERIKANAN
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jp.v16i1.1977

Abstract

Ikan merupakan komoditas perikanan yang mudah mengalami penurunan mutu setelah ditangkap, sehingga diperlukan metode deteksi kesegaran yang cepat, akurat, dan praktis. Metode konvensional seperti uji organoleptik memiliki keterbatasan karena bersifat subjektif, sehingga perlu dikembangkan metode alternatif berbasis teknologi digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan metode Digital Image Colorimetry (DIC) berbasis smartphone dalam mendeteksi tingkat kesegaran ikan menggunakan pewarna alami ekstrak Bunga Telang (Clitoria ternatea), serta membandingkan hasilnya dengan metode uji organoleptik konvensional. Sampel yang digunakan adalah ikan belanak (Mugil cephalus) yang dipotong tanpa tulang menjadi tiga bagian dengan masing-masing berat 5 gram. Potongan ikan ditempatkan dalam botol transparan yang telah dilengkapi label indikator berbasis ekstrak Bunga Telang, kemudian diamati perubahan warnanya selama penyimpanan pada suhu. Antosianin pada ekstrak Bunga Telang berfungsi sebagai indikator pH yang peka terhadap senyawa volatil (amonia) yang terbentuk seiring penurunan mutu ikan. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan warna label indikator dari ungu menjadi biru seiring bertambahnya waktu penyimpanan, dengan pola perubahan nilai RGB yang konsisten terhadap proses pembusukan. Berdasarkan hasil uji organoleptik, ikan mulai dikategorikan busuk pada jam ke-12 penyimpanan, yang selaras dengan hasil analisis DIC. Dengan demikian, metode Digital Image Colorimetry (DIC) berbasis smartphone terbukti cukup akurat, praktis, dan potensial digunakan sebagai alternatif metode konvensional dalam mendeteksi kesegaran ikan secara digital.
Life cycle assessment dan keberlanjutan ekonomi-lingkungan produksi bioetanol dari kulit pisang kepok kuning: Systematic review Putri Ramadan Lazuardi; Aceng Ruyani; M. Lutfi Firdaus
Papanda Journal of Mathematics and Science Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Volume 5 Nomor 1 Maret 2026
Publisher : Papanda Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56916/pjmsr.v5i1.3092

Abstract

This study synthesizes recent findings on the environmental and economic sustainability of banana peel-based bioethanol production using a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. The utilization of yellow kepok banana peel waste offers significant opportunities to support clean energy transition and sustainable waste management in Indonesia. This research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, analyzing 15 peer-reviewed articles indexed in Scopus and SINTA published between 2020 and 2025. The review follows the PRISMA 2020 framework with inclusion criteria focusing on quantitative LCA studies and economic-environmental sustainability aspects. Literature was retrieved from Scopus, ScienceDirect, MDPI, SpringerLink, and SINTA databases using the keywords “banana peel”, “bioethanol”, “LCA”, and “sustainability”. The results indicate that pretreatment and distillation stages are the main contributors to energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for approximately 55–65% of total Global Warming Potential (GWP). However, the implementation of coproduct systems, such as converting residues into biogas or organic fertilizer, can reduce GWP by up to 30–40%. From an economic perspective, banana peel-based bioethanol production is financially viable at a medium scale when supported by renewable energy integration and centralized waste management systems. This study highlights the critical role of LCA as an evaluation tool for waste-based energy development and underscores the need for national standards for LCA methodologies in the bioenergy sector. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive SLR integrating LCA and economic-environmental sustainability analysis for yellow kepok banana peel bioethanol, providing relevant insights for renewable energy policy and circular waste management in Indonesia.
PENGEMBANGAN BOOKLET ZAT ADITIF BUNGA KECOMBRANG (Etlingera hemisphaerica) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGUASAAN KONSEP SISWA KELAS VIII SMP Pradipta, Andika; Johan, Henny; Firdaus, M. Lutfi
EDUPROXIMA : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan IPA Vol 8, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Bhinneka PGRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29100/.v8i1.8707

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan booklet zat aditif bunga kecombrang (Etlingera hemisphaerica) untuk meningkatkan penguasaan konsep siswa kelas VIII SMP. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model ADDIE yang teridi dari tahap: Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Hasil pada penelitian ini diperoleh dari instrumen yang menggunakan teknik CVR pada uji lembar validasi booklet zat aditif, serta soal pretest dan posttest dengan teknik analisis data yang digunakan mencakup uji reliabilitas, uji daya pembeda, uji tingkat kesukaran soal, dan analisis penguasaan konsep siswa. Untuk menguji validitas butir pertanyaan, menggunakan SPSS 25. Disimpulkan booklet tentang zat aditif dari bunga kecombrang layak digunakan sebagai bahan ajar untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa kelas VIII SMP. Hal ini didukung oleh hasil validasi yang menunjukkan nilai CVI sebesar 0,96 dengan kategori sangat layak. Selain itu, peningkatan pemahaman konsep siswa terlihat setelah menggunakan booklet tersebut, yang dibuktikan melalui nilai N-gain sebesar 0,75 dengan kategori tinggi.
Smart Packaging from Durian Seed Starch for Real-Time Quality Classification using DenseNet-121 Putri Nutriastuti; Euis Nursaadah; Azvadennys Vasiguhamiaz; Aceng Ruyani; Nurhamidah Nurhamidah; M. Lutfi Firdaus
ZERO: Jurnal Sains, Matematika dan Terapan Vol 10, No 1 (2026): Zero: Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/zero.v10i1.28580

Abstract

This study used smart packaging made from durian seed starch with butterfly pea flower extract and applied the DenseNet121 deep learning model for real-time quality classification. Colorimetric analysis revealed a significant transition from Hue ~92° to Hue ~289° as food quality deteriorated due to pH changes. This study aimed to introduce a non-destructive vision-based classification framework utilizing the DenseNet121 deep learning architecture to demonstrate its effectiveness as a real time food freshness monitor. The dataset was divided into 70% training set, 20% validation set, and 10% test set to ensure robust model development. Performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. This methodology integrated physicochemical (pH) analysis with the development of a DenseNet121 architecture based Deep Learning model to classify food freshness phases. The results showed that edible films derived from durian seed starch and butterfly pea flower extract were capable of being indicators of food freshness. The dataset consisted of 160 images captured during a 12day experiment, which was expanded using stochastic data augmentation to improve model generalization. Computationally, the model achieved convergence with a training accuracy of 96% with loss 0.14 and achieved an internal testing accuracy of 0.94. Although testing on an external dataset recorded an accuracy of 0.78 due to environmental variability. This study proposes the first integration of durian seed starch based smart packaging with DenseNet121 architecture for automatic freshness classification of lempuk durian, providing a new approach for continuous food quality monitoring. These findings provide a quantitative basis for the application of applied mathematics and computer vision in sustainable food logistics.
Effect of high temperature heating on free fatty acid content and peroxide number of packaged and bulk palm cooking oil Tiara Dia Amanda; M Lutfi Firdaus; Euis Nursaadah; Nurhamidah Nurhamidah; Aceng Ruyani
AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal Vol 11, No 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Department of Nutrition at the Health Polytechnic of Aceh, Ministry of Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30867/action.v11i1.3158

Abstract

Palm cooking oil is widely used in food processing, particularly for high-temperature frying. Although the thermal degradation of palm oil has been extensively studied, no previous study has specifically compared the degradation rates of bulk and packaged palm oil under extreme heating conditions. Repeated use at high temperatures may induce chemical changes that affect food safety and public health. This study aimed to analyze the effect of heating on changes in free fatty acid (FFA) levels and peroxide value (PV) in palm cooking oil and assess their implications for food quality. An experimental study was conducted in January 2026 at the Chemistry Education Laboratory, University of Bengkulu, using a factorial design with two main factors: oil type (packaged and bulk) and heating temperature (100, 180, and 200°C). Six repetitions were performed at 10-minute intervals over a total heating duration of 60 min. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test and two-way ANOVA in SPSS (version 25). At 200°C after 60 min, the packaged oil showed an increase in FFA to 0.31% and PV to 13.6 meqO₂/kg. Bulk oil exhibited more severe deterioration, with FFA and PV reaching 0.37% and 19 meqO₂/kg, respectively. Temperature significantly affected the increase in FFA (p = 0.000) and PV (p = 0.004) values. In conclusion, both parameters exceeded the national safety standards (SNI) threshold. Limiting the repeated use of heated palm oil is essential for protecting consumer health.
Pengembangan Metode Digital Image Colorimetry (DIC) Untuk Penentuan Kesegaran Ikan Berbasis Smartphone Syahra Khairunnisa; Mukti Dono Wilopo; Mochamad Lutfi Firdaus
Vol 16 No 1 (2026): JURNAL PERIKANAN
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jp.v16i1.1918

Abstract

Ikan merupakan komoditas perikanan yang mudah mengalami penurunan mutu setelah ditangkap, sehingga diperlukan metode deteksi kesegaran yang cepat, akurat, dan praktis. Metode konvensional seperti uji organoleptik memiliki keterbatasan karena bersifat subjektif, sehingga perlu dikembangkan metode alternatif berbasis teknologi digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan metode Digital Image Colorimetry (DIC) berbasis smartphone dalam mendeteksi nilai kesegaran ikan menggunakan pewarna alami ekstrak bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea), serta menguji keakuratan hasil DIC dibandingkan dengan metode konvensional uji organoleptik. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan eksperimental kuantitatif dengan memanfaatkan kertas label indikator yang telah diberi ekstrak bunga telang. Antosianin pada ekstrak telang berfungsi sebagai indikator pH yang peka terhadap perubahan senyawa volatil (amonia) selama penyimpanan ikan. Data warna diolah melalui nilai RGB menggunakan aplikasi berbasis smartphone, kemudian hasilnya dibandingkan dengan data uji organoleptik dari panelis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode DIC berhasil dikembangkan dengan memanfaatkan ekstrak bunga telang sebagai pewarna alami pada kertas label indikator. Perubahan warna yang terjadi akibat degradasi mutu ikan terbukti selaras dengan pola perubahan nilai RGB. Selain itu, hasil analisis DIC menunjukkan konsistensi dengan hasil uji organoleptik, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode DIC cukup akurat, praktis, dan potensial sebagai alternatif metode konvensional dalam menentukan kesegaran ikan berbasis smartphone.
Systematic Literature Review: Utilization of Agricultural Waste as Raw Material for Renewable Energy Biobriquettes Ilahiyah, Fitratul; Ruyani, Aceng; Firdaus, Muhammad Lutfi
JIIF (Jurnal Ilmu dan Inovasi Fisika) Vol 10, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jiif.v10i2.68470

Abstract

The global energy crisis and environmental degradation caused by fossil fuel consumption have driven the search for sustainable alternative energy sources. Agricultural waste, which is abundant and often underutilized, has significant potential as raw material for biobriquettes in renewable energy production. This Systematic Literature Review (SLR) aims to comprehensively analyze research related to the utilization of agricultural waste as biobriquette feedstock during the period 2012-2025. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method was used to screen 200 articles from Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, with 40 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. The review results show that agricultural wastes such as rice husks, corn cobs, bagasse, and coconut shells have competitive calorific values (3.000-7.000 cal/g) meeting solid fuel standards. Factors affecting biobriquette quality include raw material type, binder type (tapioca, molasses, clay), compaction pressure (100-1,000 kg/cm²), and particle size. Indonesia, with agricultural waste production reaching 136 million tons per year, has biomass energy potential of 49.810 MW. Biobriquette development not only offers effective waste management solutions but also contributes to greenhouse gas emission reductions of up to 335.679 tons CO₂-eq per 100,000 tons of biobriquettes. This SLR identifies research gaps and provides recommendations for developing more efficient and sustainable biobriquette technology.
Co-Authors Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Aceng Ruyani Aceng Ruyani ACENG RUYANI Aceng Wikrama Ruyani Adella Mulia Ramadhani Afrizal Mayub Afrizal Mayub Agus Sudaryono Ahmad Amin Ahmad Walid Angga Aprian Dinata Anggraini, Yestilia Anni Anggraeni, Anni Annisa Luthfiah Annisa Luthfiah Areski Febriani Ariefa Primair Yani Arsela Eko Listiono Azvadennys Vasiguhamiaz BHAKTI KARYADI Budiyanto Budiyanto Deshinta Arrova Dewi Dewi Handayani Dewi, Ria Kemala Diana R. Eddy Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy Dina Maryani Dinda Oktarina Diya Novarina Dwi Alfina Septianingsih Edo Prasetia Edwin Saputra Efa Susanti Eko Swistoro Eko Swistoro Eko Swistoro Eko Swistoro Elsi Adelia Fitri Elvinawati Elvinawati Elvinawati Elvinawati Elza Heryensi Elza Heryensi Elza Heryensi Endang Suswati Endang Widi Winarni Endang Widi Winarni Endang Widi Winarni Endang Widi Winarni Esterlin Euis Wikrama Nursa’adah Fahmizal Fahmizal Fahmizal, Fahmizal Farid, Muchammad Firdha Iresta Wardani Firdha Iresta Wardani Firmanul Catur Wibowo Fitri April Yanti Fitri April Yanti Fitri April Yanti Fitri April Yanti, Fitri April Ghufira Ghufira Hadi Apriyoanda Hadi Apriyonda Hayuni Retno Widarti Hendrati, Diana Hendry Nordan Henny Johan Henny Johan Hermansyah Amir Hizkia Mahezra Agustin Ilahi, Fitratul Iman Rahayu Iwan Setiawan Iwan Setiawan Junaini, Junaini Khairul Hidayah Khanna Hadirama Lazfihma Lazfihma Lena Rahmidar Liana, Mutia M. Diki Permana Mardhotillah, Yulia Marti Hitsmi Mayub, Afrizal Megasari Megasari Melda Nuari Handini Melfi Puspita Muhamad Allan Serunting Muhamad Diki Permana Mukti Dono Wilopo Mukti Dono Wilopo Mukti Dono Wilopo Mutia Liana Muzanip Alperi Nensi Pitaloka Nessi Meileza Nina Gusti Nirwana Nirwana Noli Krisnanto Noorzana Khamis Nurhamidah Nurhamidah Nurhamidah Nurhamidah Nurhamidah Nurhamidah Nurhamidah Nurhamidah Nurhamidah Nursaadah, Euis Nurul Auliany Pradipta, Andika Purwanti Widhy Hastuti Purwo Ismaya Sari Putra, Syalendra Putri Anjarsari Putri Nutriastuti Putri Ramadan Lazuardi Renaldi Adriansyah Rendy W Wardhana Rendy W. Wardana Rendy Wikrama Wardana Rendy Wikrama Wardana Rendy Wikrama Wardana Rensy Aula Sari Ria Aprilia Rima Mayesmy H. Rina Elvia, Rina Rince Anugrah Ilahi Rini Surbakti Rini Wulandari Riska Marwanti Rizki M. Okumura Ronald Muhammad Rosane Medriati Rotami, Ladya Salma Nur Zakiyyah Samitra, Dian Santhy Wyantuti Sasti Yuliafitri Septika Amalia Umaro Septika Amalia Umaro Shabarni Gaffar Siti Zaya Aisyahlika Somantri, Manap Somantri, Manap Soraya Nur Ishmah Suherman Suherman Suherman, Suherman Sumpono Sumpono Sura Menda Ginting Suryati Suzieleez Syrene Binti Abdul Rahim Syahra Khairunnisa Syahra Khairunnisa Tiara Dia Amanda Toto Subroto Tria Wulandari Umaya Umaya, Umaya Ummu Aiman Vazella Lavenia Lorenza Walid, Ahmad Wangi Pusva K. Wardana, Rendy W. Wardana, Rendy Wikrama Wiwit Alwi Yar Johan Yar Johan Yeni Wahyuni Hartati Yestilia Anggraini Yestilia Anggraini Yosie Andriani Yuni Krisnawati Yunitasari Yunitasari, Yunitasari Yusi Deawati Zakiyyah, Salma Nur Zico Fakhrur Rozi Zulkarnain Zulkarnain Zulkarnain Zulkarnain