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Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Negeri Jakarta
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Journal : JS (Jurnal Sekolah)

 1 
PERAN ORANG TUA ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS (AUTIS) SEKOLAH DASAR SELAMA MASA COVID-19 Ika Firma Ningsih Dian Primasari; Asep Supena
JS (JURNAL SEKOLAH) Vol 5, No 1 (2020): DESEMBER: 2020
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (274.223 KB) | DOI: 10.24114/js.v5i1.23309

Abstract

Abstract: This study aims to describe the role of parents in accompanying children with special needs (autism) in primary schools during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive case study approach, which describes specific, limited, in-depth cases using various sources, such as interviews, observations, documents, in order to obtain an in-depth understanding and analysis of the case (Creswell, 2015). Data collection methods, namely: interviews, observation, monitoring notes. Interviews, with 6 informants, consisting of main informants, namely 4 parents and supporting informants, namely 1 teacher at the SD Lazuardi Inclusive School and 1 therapist at one of the ABA therapy clinics. Informants in this study were selected based on the characteristics of parents who have autistic children at the age of 7-14 years, namely elementary school age children. There were 6 informants consisting of the main informants, namely 4 parents and supporting informants, namely 1 teacher at the Lazuardi Elementary School and 1 therapist at one of the ABA therapy clinics. The validity of the data in this study used triangulation in the data collection method, through interviews with main informants, namely parents, as well as supporting informants, namely child therapists in clinics who came home to home visits and teachers at school. Data analysis techniques use thematic analysis, namely first, preparing and organizing data (text data such as transcripts, or image data such as photos), then reducing the data to themes through the coding process and summarizing the code, and finally presenting the data in the form of charts, tables, or discussion (Creswell, 2015). The results of this study get an overview of the role of parents, namely maintaining and ensuring children to implement a clean and healthy life, accompanying children to study at home online and by home visit (teachers come home) during the Covid-19 pandemic period according to the teacher's health protocol and students must wear masks. and maintaining distance, accompanying children with therapy at home home visits (therapists come to the house), accompanying children on activities (playing, learning, teaching worship), monitoring child development, managing diet, and financing therapy and school funding. The role of parents is very important, the existence of autistic children makes parents more receptive, sincere and patient, understanding and able to find solutions. Routines are important activities for children with autism.  Keywords: role of parents, autistic children, covid-19. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan peran orangtua dalam mendampingi anak berkebutuhan kusus (autis) sekolah dasar selama masa pandemic covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus deskriptif, yaitu mendeskripsikan kasus yang spesifik, terbatas, mendalam dengan menggunakan beragam sumber, seperti wawancara, pengamatan, dokumen, supaya diperoleh pemahaman dan analisa secara mendalam tentang kasus tersebut (Creswell, 2015).  Metode pengumpulan data yaitu: wawancara, observasi, catatan monitoring.  Wawancara, dengan  6 informan, yang terdiri dari informan utama yaitu 4 orangtua dan informan pendukung yaitu 1 orang guru di Sekolah Inklusi SD Lazuardi dan 1 orang terapis di salah satu klinik terapi ABA. Informan dalam penelitian ini dipilih berdasarkan  karakteristik orangtua yang mempunyai anak autis pada usia 7-14 tahun yaitu anak usia sekolah dasar. Informan  sebanyak 6 orang terdiri dari informan utama yaitu 4 orangtua dan informan pendukung yaitu 1 orang guru di Sekolah Dasar Lazuardi dan 1 orang terapis di salah satu klinik terapi ABA. Keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Triangulasi pada metode pengumpulan data, melalui wawancara dengan informan utama, yaitu orang tua, serta informan pendukung, yaitu terapis anak di klinik yang datang rumah home visit serta guru di sekolah. Teknik analisa data menggunakan analisa tematik yaitu pertama, menyiapkan dan mengorganisasikan data (data teks seperti transkrip, atau data gambar seperti foto), kemudian mereduksi data tersebut menjadi tema melalui proses pengodean dan peringkasan kode, dan terakhir menyajikan data dalam bentuk bagan, tabel, atau pembahasan (Creswell, 2015). Hasil dari penelitian ini mendapatkan  gambaran peran orangtua yaitu menjaga dan  memastikan anak untuk menerapkan hidup bersih dan sehat, mendampingi anak belajar dirumah secara online maupun secara home visit (guru datang kerumah) selama masa pandemic covid-19 sesuai protocol kesehatan guru dan murid wajib menggunakan masker dan menjaga jarak, mendampingi anak terapi dirumah home visit (terapis datang kerumah), menemani anak beraktivitas (bermain, belajar, mengajarkan ibadah), pemantauan  perkembangan anak, pengelolaan diet, serta pembiayaan terapi dan pembiayaan sekolah. Peran orang tua sangat penting, keberadaan anak autis menjadikan orangtua lebih mampu  menerima, ikhlas dan sabar, memahami dan mampu mencari solusi. Rutinitas merupakan aktivitas  penting bagi anak autis. Kata Kunci: peran orangtua, anak autis, covid-19.
Co-Authors Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Abdul Rosyid Adistyana Pitaloka Kusmawati Advelia, Fela Ambros Leonangung Edu Amelia, Winda Arifin Maksum Arita Marini Azhar, Arry Patria Surya Bagus Prasetyo Batubara, Hamdan Husein Cahyani Kusuma, Tesya Chintya Rahmawati Dewi, Indah Ratna Dewi, Nastitisari Dhieni , Nurbiana Durotul Yatimah Dwiprabowo, Risky Edwita, Edwita Eka Pratiwi Eka, Eka Pratiwi Eko siswono Endry Boeriswati Fatkhul Arifin Faujiah, Evi Fauzan . Febriyanti Utami, Febriyanti Firmanul Catur Wibowo Fitria Budi Utami Fitriyani Fitriyani Gumgum Gumelar Fajar Rakhman Hasnan, Syiti Mutia Hendrawan, Doni Hermanto Hermanto Huliyah, Muhiyatul Ifana, Fitra Iis Nurasiah Ika Firma Ningsih Dian Primasari Ikhwan Abduh Indina Tarjiah Irmawanty, Irmawanty Iskandar, Rossi Islahuddin, Islahuddin Istiana, Yuyun Izul Islamudi Jaitul Hairun Nisa Jayadi Jayadi Khaeroh, Innayatul Kurnia, Budi Kurniawan, Erfan Lestari, Mas roro Diah Wahyu Linda Zakiah Liza Murniviyanti Liza Murniviyanti, Liza MAHYUMI RANTINA, MAHYUMI Maria Oktaviani, Anna Mastoah, Imas Maya Muizatil Lutfillah Mohamad Syarif Sumantri Mu'awwanah, Uyu muawwanah, uyu Muhammad Yusuf Ferdiansyah Muliati Mursak Munajah, Robiatul Muskania, Ricka Tesi Nasrullah, Yuliana Nina Nurhasanah, Nina Nita Novianti, Nita Nora Surmilasari, Nora Nugraheny, Devita Cahyani Nur Latifah, Nur Nur Wulandari Nurbiana Dhieni Oktaviani, Anna Maria Pardede, Esther Novelia Perawati Bte Abustang Primasari, Ika Firma Ningsih Dian Putra, Dava Permana Rachmawati, Nugraheni Rahmawati, Magdalena Chori Ramadhani, Sulistyani Puteri Riswandi Romadhon, Muhamad Sesrita, Afridha Sheryl Mutiara Putri Sinyanyuri, Sonya Sumatri, Mohamad Syarif Sundi, Venni Herli Teguh Prasetyo Tong, Jailani Totok Bintoro Triana, Hana Ucu Cahyana Wiwi Susanti Yoga Aditia Ragil Yufiarti Yuli Rahmawati Yuli Rahmawati Yulia Friska, Sonia Zarina Akbar Zulhendri Zulhendri