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All Journal JURNAL HUKUM Pembaharuan Hukum Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia Jurnal Hukum tora: Hukum mengatur dan melindungi masyarakat JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat MEMBANGUN NEGERI Jurnal Review Pendidikan dan Pengajaran (JRPP) Syntax Idea SIGn Jurnal Hukum INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL, POLICY AND LAW (IJOSPL) Jurnal Cahaya Mandalika JOURNAL SCIENTIFIC OF MANDALIKA (JSM) Jurnal Kepariwisataan Jurnal Sosial dan Teknologi TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum JHCLS SOCIAL : Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan IPS International Journal of Social Service and Research Jurnal Ekonomi Action Research Literate (ARL) Bulletin of Community Engagement Journal Of World Science Jurnal DIALEKTIKA : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Private Law DEIKTIS: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Journal of Social And Economics Research Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Journal of Social Science Rechtsnormen International Journal of Science and Environment Jurnal Smart Hukum (JSH) Indonesian Research Journal on Education Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Journal of Sustainable Development and Regulatory Issues Journal of Mandalika Literature Majority Science Journal Yure Humano Jurnal Hukum dan Keadilan Honeste Vivere Journal of Law and Social Politics Asian Journal of Social and Humanities International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Leges Privatae PALAR : Pakuan Law Review INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIETY REVIEWS (INJOSER) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE (INJOLE)
Hulman Panjaitan
Universitas Kristen Indonesia
Religion Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Analisis Kesalahan Kebahasaan Penulisan Huruf Dalam Media Massa Online (CNN Indonesia Edisi Tahun 2025) Desinta Desinta; Cindy Nurhasanah; Agnes Elsonya Damanik; Rupma Riana Saragih; Despri Mariyani Siahaan; Hulman Panjaitan; Jakaria Jakaria
DEIKTIS: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Dosen Muslim Indonesia - Sulawesi Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53769/deiktis.v5i2.1426

Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis kesalahan penulisan huruf pada media massa online CNN Indonesia, khususnya pada penggunaan Huruf Kapital, Huruf Miring, dan Huruf Tebal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode kualitatif dengan studi pustaka (library research) yaitu metode dengan pengumpulan data dengan cara memahami dan mempelajari teori-teori dari berbagai literatur yang berhubungan dengan penelitian tersebut untuk mengidentifikasi kesalahan yang berkaitan dengan kesalahan penulisan huruf. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masih terdapat beberapa kesalahan penulisan huruf pada media massa online tersebut, kesalahan ini dapat mengurangi kredibilitas laporan media massa dan mengganggu pemahaman pembaca. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perbaikan dan pengawasan yang lebih ketat terhadap penulisan huruf pada media massa online untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan keakuratan informasi.
Strengthening Consumer Protection in Digital Transactions: A Legal Perspective on Click-Wrap Agreements Under the Consumer Protection Law Hulman Panjaitan; Junimart Girsang; Moermahadi Soerja Djanegara; Md Hasnath Kabir Fahim
Jurnal Hukum Vol 41, No 3 (2025): Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Unissula

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26532/jh.v41i3.47262

Abstract

This study examines the effectiveness of consumer protection in Indonesia’s digital transactions, with a focus on click-wrap agreements. It addresses three key questions: the normative application of consumer protection laws, the practical challenges in enforcing these laws in online markets, and strategies to strengthen legal safeguards. Using a normative and conceptual juridical approach, the research analyzes relevant legislation, including the consumer protection law, electronic information and transactions law, personal data protection law, Government Regulation Number 80/2019, and Minister of Trade Regulation Number 31/2023. Literature review and legal documents, such as academic studies, court decisions, and government policies, were also examined to assess compliance, identify ambiguous clauses, and evaluate protection mechanisms. Findings indicate that while Indonesia has legal framework guaranteeing consumer rights to accurate information, safety, compensation, and data privacy, practical enforcement remains limited. Click-wrap agreements often contain complex or non-negotiable clauses that reduce consumers’ ability to exercise their rights. Strengthening legal mechanisms, including online dispute resolution, enhanced capacity of the consumer dispute resolution agency, digital consumer literacy, and regulatory harmonization, is essential to bridge the gap between law and practice. Coordinated implementation of these measures can ensure effective, transparent, and equitable protection for digital consumers.
Music Copyright Protection in the Digital Era: Legal Framework and Strategies for Enforcement Hulman Panjaitan; Andrew Betlehn; Tomson Situmeang; Md Zubair Kasem Khan; Mahadi Hasan Miraz
Jurnal Hukum Vol 40, No 2 (2024): Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Unissula

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26532/jh.v40i2.40525

Abstract

This research investigates the factors contributing to global music copyright infringement in the digital era, the legal framework established by Indonesian Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright, and strategies for strengthening protection. Using a doctrinal legal research approach, the study incorporates statutory and comparative legal analyses to assess the effectiveness of Indonesia’s copyright laws and proposed strategies. The findings indicate that digital piracy globally is primarily driven by technological advances, the ease of sharing pirated content, and inconsistent international copyright laws. These issues have resulted in significant financial losses for creators and the rise of new forms of piracy. In Indonesia, while Law Number 28 of 2014 provides robust protections for creators, including economic and moral rights, enforcement remains problematic due to low public awareness and the rapid pace of technological advancements. Key institutions, such as the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Intelektual/DJKI) and Collective Management Institutions (Lembaga Manajemen Kolektif Nasional/LMKN), play a critical role in enforcement but need further support. The study recommends strengthening legal frameworks, international harmonization, and leveraging technological solutions such as blockchain to improve copyright enforcement in Indonesia and ensure fair compensation for artists.
Ensuring Fair Business Practices and Consumer Rights: The Role and Impact of Indonesia's Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency Dhaniswara K. Harjono; Hulman Panjaitan; Moermahadi Soerjadjanegara; Hendra Susanto; Abu Hena Mostofa Kamal; Suwarno Suwarno
Jurnal Hukum Vol 40, No 1 (2024): Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Unissula

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26532/jh.v40i1.37177

Abstract

This research examines the role and impact of Indonesia's Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency (BPSK) in promoting fair business practices and protecting consumer rights in a changing economic environment. It focuses on Consumer Protection Law No. 8 of 1999 and uses a legal research method to analyze how effective BPSK is at resolving disputes between consumers and businesses. The findings show that, while BPSK offers alternative dispute resolution methods like mediation and conciliation, it struggles with issues such as interference from the courts, lack of independence, and limited authority. The Indonesian Supreme Court often overturns BPSK's decisions, which lowers public trust in the agency. Additionally, BPSK's reactive approach to complaints and procedural delays limit its ability to actively protect consumer rights. This study suggests that structural reforms are needed to give BPSK more independence and power, including clearer rules for resolving disputes and the ability to impose penalties for violations. By addressing these challenges, Indonesia can strengthen BPSK's role in protecting consumer rights and ensuring fair business practices, leading to a better legal framework for consumer protection.
The Cost Burden Paradox in Petty Corruption Enforcement: A Socio-Legal Study Based on Cost-Awareness Sandhy, Andhika Prima; Panjaitan, Hulman
SIGn Jurnal Hukum Vol 7 No 2: Oktober 2025 - Maret 2026
Publisher : CV. Social Politic Genius (SIGn)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37276/sjh.v7i2.564

Abstract

Law enforcement efforts against petty corruption in Indonesia are currently trapped in a serious economic inefficiency paradox, where case-handling operational costs often far exceed the value of the savings from avoided state losses. This problem is further complicated by norm disharmony between the efficiency spirit in Law Number 1 of 2023 and the rigidity of sectoral regulations effective as of January 2026. This study aims to analyze such inefficiency using the EAL approach and formulate a new Cost-Awareness-based settlement model. The research method applied is socio-legal, synthesizing doctrinal analysis of norm conflicts with secondary data evaluation regarding case cost burdens and social behavior. Research findings reveal that the conventional retributive approach creates a double loss for state finances. Fundamental juridical barriers are identified in the form of a regulatory “double lock”: Article 4 of Law Number 31 of 1999 which closes the material discretion space, and Article 82 letter c of Law Number 20 of 2025 formally excluding corruption from the restorative justice mechanism. To unravel this deadlock, the study recommends a limited double amendment to both articles, the application of financial sanctions in the form of Double Restitution accompanied by administrative sanctions of dismissal, and the strengthening of public oversight through Citizen Auditors. This model is offered as a concrete solution to ensure legal certainty and state budget efficiency.
PUBLIC OPINION REGARDING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RESTORATIVE JUSTICE ON COMPENSATION SANCTIONS AS AN ALTERNATIVE TOIMPRISONMENT FOR THE CRIME OF DEFAMATION Hulman Panjaitan; Inri Januar; Petrus Irwan Panjaitan
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIETY REVIEWS Vol. 1 No. 9 (2024): INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIETY REVIEWS (INJOSER)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

In the eyes of the public, defamation is seen as resulting in damage such as tarnishing one's reputation, including honor. As a criminal act, defamation is regulated from Article 310 to Article 321 of the Criminal Code and Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions in Article 27 paragraph 3 and Article 45 paragraph 1, which has been amended by Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 19 of 2016 on amendments to Law No. 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. According to these laws, there are clear criminal imprisonment sanctions for offenders, but current public sentiment does not favor this, and the state desires this matter to be resolved through Restorative Justice, as stipulated in the Indonesian National Police Regulation Number 8 of 2021 concerning the Handling of Criminal Acts Based on Restorative Justice, the Republic of Indonesia Attorney General Regulation Number 15 of 2020 regarding the termination of prosecution based on restorative justice, and the decision of the Director General of the General Courts on the Implementation Guidelines of Restorative Justice (restorative justice) Number 1691/DJU/SK/PS.00/12/2020. From the research findings, it is evident that the majority of the public agrees with the application of Restorative Justice by having the offender compensate the victim for damages, usually in the form of a monetary amount agreed upon by the offender and the victim.
Strategy Protection Consumer in E-commerce Transactions : An Overview Law and Implementation Hulman Panjaitan; Andrew Betlehn
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE Vol. 2 No. 6 (2025): INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE (INJOLE)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Study This to study strategy protection consumer in e-commerce transactions with based on analysis law and its application. Through studies library, information collected from sources in the form of journals, articles, and relevant regulations, to to obtain broad understanding about method law protect consumers in the realm of e-commerce and the realization practical from law The results of the study show that although there is various initiative legislative For protect consumers, still There is a number of challenge in its implementation, which includes difference regulation between countries, difficulties in enforcement law, and lack in protection consumers by applicable law. Research this also found importance increase awareness and education consumer about rights they For optimize level protection that can obtained. Research This recommend improvement Work The same international in standardization regulation, strengthening monitoring and enforcement law, and improvement education consumer as step crucial For repair protection consumer in e-commerce. It is hoped that recommendations This Can made into reference by manufacturer policies, e-commerce players, and consumers For increase standard protection in the digital era.
Religious Freedom and House of Worship Licensing on Private Land Siahaan, Ester Debora; Panjaitan, Hulman; Saragi, Paltiada
TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Volume 6 Issue 2, April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47268/tatohi.v6i2.3826

Abstract

Introduction: This article analyzes the legal protection of religious freedom regarding the licensing of houses of worship built on private land. While the Indonesian Constitution strictly guarantees the right to worship, administrative barriers often hinder this fundamental freedom. This study specifically addresses the practical challenges and discriminatory requirements faced by minority religious groups in navigating restrictive local regulations.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this article is to evaluate the legal alignment between constitutional rights and administrative regulations regarding the establishment of places of worship. Examine the interaction between individual land ownership rights (Property Certificate) and licensing requirements. Furthermore, this study explores a more sensitive legal protection model to ensure legal certainty for minority groups in Indonesia.Methods of the Research: This study uses a normative legal method by examining legal norms, principles, and doctrines related to religious freedom. The study uses legislative, conceptual, and case approaches, focusing on Gereja Kasih Karunia Indonesia (GEKARI) in Jakarta. Data analysis is carried out qualitatively through systematic and constitutional interpretation of primary and secondary legal materials.Findings of the Research: The findings prove that restrictive administrative requirements, such as local community support, create a "social veto" that undermines constitutional religious freedom. This research offers a novel perspective by integrating agrarian law’s social function with administrative law to protect worship on private property. It concludes that shifting from a social-approval model to objective administrative verification is essential for legal certainty.
Analysis Of Positive Legal Arrangements Against Minority Shareholders Suing The Company's Board Of Directors For Actions That Resulted In The Loss Of The Company's Funds Simon Alex Pasaribu; Hulman Panjaitan; Paltiada Saragi
PALAR | PAKUAN LAW REVIEW Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): Volume 12, Number 1 January-March 2026
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PAKUAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/palar.v12i1.42

Abstract

This study analyzes the regulation of minority shareholders’ legal standing to sue company directors and examines the standards of directors’ civil liability for corporate financial losses under Indonesian positive law. The research aims to clarify the scope of legal protection available to minority shareholders and to evaluate how fiduciary principles and the business judgment rule are applied in corporate governance disputes. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, analytical, case, and comparative approaches. The primary legal framework is based on Law No. 40 of 2007 on Limited Liability Companies and related governance regulations, supported by doctrinal and jurisprudential analysis. The findings show that Indonesian company law formally recognizes derivative and direct actions as mechanisms for minority shareholder protection, but their effectiveness is limited by procedural barriers, evidentiary burdens, and information asymmetry. Directors’ civil liability is grounded in fiduciary duties, particularly the duty of care and duty of loyalty, while the statutory formulation of the business judgment rule provides conditional protection for good-faith managerial decisions. The study concludes that although the legal framework seeks to balance accountability and managerial discretion, clearer procedural standards and stronger enforcement mechanisms are needed to enhance minority shareholder protection and legal certainty. Keywords: minority shareholders; directors’ liability; fiduciary duty; business judgment rule; corporate governance.
Legal Certainty Regarding the Regulation of Shipping Lanes as an Effort to Prevent Vessel Accidents Yuliana Risna Maengkom; Hulman Panjaitan; Paltiada Saragi
PALAR | PAKUAN LAW REVIEW Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): Volume 12, Number 1 January-March 2026
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PAKUAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/palar.v12i1.43

Abstract

As an archipelagic state, Indonesia experiences high-intensity maritime traffic, which requires effective shipping lane management to ensure navigational safety and prevent ship accidents. The expansion of the fleet and increasing route density have elevated the risk of incidents, which in practice is often triggered by non-compliance with safety provisions (including rules for narrow channels) and weak supervision and law enforcement. This study aims to analyze (1) the constraints and challenges of current shipping lane management in Indonesia, and (2) the role of legal regulation in improving maritime safety and enforcing violations of shipping lanes in order to achieve legal certainty. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and analytical approaches, through a literature review of primary and secondary legal materials, including the ratified UNCLOS 1982 regime, national maritime/Shipping regulations, and technical provisions on navigational safety. The normative analysis indicates critical issues in the form of potential regulatory overlap and inter-agency coordination gaps, limited surveillance capacity, and suboptimal user compliance; these conditions imply that accident prevention has not been maximized and that legal certainty in maritime traffic governance remains weak. This study recommends regulatory harmonization, strengthening supervisory mechanisms and consistent enforcement of sanctions, as well as improving compliance standards for navigational safety as key prerequisites for sustainable ship-accident prevention.[1] Keywords: legal certainty; shipping lane management; maritime safety; law enforcement; ship accidents. [1] 1 For information on numbers for authors, the intention is to distinguish the origin of the institution (affiliation) of the authors, who sometimes collaborate with study programs or other agencies.
Co-Authors Aarce Tehupeiory Abu Hena Mostofa Kamal Agnes Elsonya Damanik Anang Suhartono Andhika Prima Sandhy Andi Arif Wijaya Andrew Bethlen Andrew Betlehn Andrew Betlehn Andrew Betlehn Andrew Betlehn Angelina Cinthia Diana Sinaga Anita Sabara Sutphin Aqilah, Zahra Nur Armunanto Hutahean Aulia, Ameytia Rizka B. Bulan, Z. Intan Bago, Rhfyka Arlina Bernard Nainggolan Bernard Nainggolan Bernard Nainggolan, Bernard Bethlen , Andrew Bethlen, Andrew Betlehn, Andrew Bontor Octavianus Charlie S, Julivan Christopher J. Johnstone Cindy Nurhasanah Ciputri, Leony Claudia Belseran Deny Panjaitan Desinta Desinta Desinta, Desinta Despri Mariyani Siahaan Dhaniswara Dhaniswara Dhaniswara K Harjono Dhaniswara K. Harjono Dhaniswara K. Harjono Dhaniswara K.Harjono Dian Marthin Sitompul Hutapea Diana R.W Napitupulu Eddie Bachtiar Siagian Eddy Damian Evri Evri Evri, Evri Fatchurochim, Auwalu Gindo L Tobing Gindo L. Tobing, Gindo L. Ginting, Andreas Gratia Wirata Laksmi Halomoan Napitupulu, Josua Harjono, Dhaniswara K Hasim Sukamto Hendra Susanto Hendri Jayadi Hendri Jayadi Pandiangan Hendrico Dolok Herbert Sitorus Hotben Marchiano Lumban Gaol Hutahaean, Armunanto Ied Veda Sitepu Ignatius Sinar Pandin Indra, Permana Inri Januar Inri Januar Irwan Panjaitan, Petrus Ivanna, Julia Jaja Suparman Jakaria Jakaria Jamaludin . Januar, Inri Jaya Irianto Purba Jayadi Pandiangan, Hendri Jayadi, Hendri Jefferson, Steven Jephyri Monang Siregar Jimmy Lizardo Johannes Ronald Elyeser Roparulian Hutagalung Johannes Ronald Elyeser Roparulian Hutagalung John Pieris John Pieris Junani, Natalia Junimart Girsang K. Harjono, Dhaniswara Kamser Lumbanradja Kamser Lumbanradja L. Panggabean , Mompang Lalamentik, Sylvia Anita Liana Suryani Ali Liana Liawati, Mira Sonia Seba Lonna Yohanes Lengkong Mahadi Hasan Miraz Manik, Alvin Putra Hariando Manik, Frita Rohani Manurung, Thessa D Triputri Marchiano Lumban Gaol, Hotben Maruli, Johnson Sahat Maruli Tua Md Hasnath Kabir Fahim Md Zubair Kasem Khan Mikael, San Moermahadi Soerja Djanegara Moermahadi Soerjadjanegara Monang Siregar, Jephyri Mulyono Mursidi Mursidi Nababan, Ramsul Napitupulu, Diana R.W Nasution, Dinda Amelia Putri Noviyanto, Dedi Eka Nurhasanah, Cindy Oktar Hasudungan PAHALA, ERIC SANDY Pakpahan, Rachel Pakpahan, Rachel Meilisa Paltiada Saragi Paltiada Saragi Paltiada Saragi Paltiada Saragi Paltiada Saragi Paltiada Saragi Paltiada Saragi Pangalila, Denny Panji Purboyo Pardosi Donnia Parulian, Adrian Petrus Irwan Panjaitan Pieris, John PRAMANA, NDINTA HERRY Purba, Kevin Agatha R. Bayu Probo Sutopo Rafael Simare Mare Rima Patricia Marintan Rini B. A. Silitonga Royana Lumban Gaol Rr. Ani Wijayati Rupma Riana Saragih Sandhy, Andhika Prima Saragi, Paltiada Setyo Sardjono Siahaan, Despri Mariani Siahaan, Despri Mariyani Siahaan, Ester Debora Simanjuntak, Ade Hasiana Simanjuntak, Edison Simbolon, David Julianto Simon Alex Pasaribu Sri Yunita Suaris Firdaus Sembiring, Suaris Firdaus Suhartono, Anang Suminah Suminah, Suminah Suparman, Jaja Surya Dharma Sutopo, R. Bayu Probo Suwarno Suwarno Tamba, Josua Armando Tobing, Gindo L Tobing, Sthepany Tomson Situmeang Tomson Situmeang Tomson Situmeang Tumanggor Tumanggor Ucok Charles Kairup Veronika, Caroline Weku F. Karuntu Wijayati, Ani Wirata Laksmi, Gratia Wiwik Sri Widiarty Yanzalinda, Lisa Yeo, Susilo Kurniawan Yuliana Risna Maengkom Z. Intan B. Bulan