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Fauzan Azima
Universitas Andalas
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Journal : Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology

 1 
Characterization of the Chemical Components of Various Onion Species in West Sumatra Miati, Fenita; Azima, Fauzan; Syukri, Daimon
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v9i3.422

Abstract

Various types of onions have long been utilized as both culinary ingredients and traditional medications, yet comprehensive comparative data on their chemical composition and antioxidant potential in Indonesia are limited. This study provides the first integrated analysis of six onion species cultivated in West Sumatra, namely, shallot (A. cepa var. ascalonicum), garlic (A. sativum), common onion (A. cepa L.), Dayak onion (Eleutherine palmifolia), chive (A. tuberosum), and leek (A. fistulosum L.). Physicochemical properties were determined through proximate analysis, antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH assay and expressed as IC₅₀ values, and lipid-based phytochemical profiles were obtained via Bligh and Dryer extraction, followed by GC–MS. Data were processed and visualized in RStudio. The results indicate that chive exhibited the highest moisture (93.57%) and fat (4.15%) contents, whereas Dayak onion contained the highest amounts of ash (6.29%) and protein (8.74%). Dayak onion exhibited strong antioxidant activity (84.85 ppm), whereas common onion, shallot, and leek demonstrated weak antioxidant activity. Cis-vaccenic acid was the dominant compound in shallot (37.59%) and leek (31.19%), and D-limonene was the dominant compound in Dayak onion (22.39%) and chive (21.16%). The study findings highlight that the Dayak onion is a promising indigenous source of natural antioxidant for functional food and herbal product development, while providing novel baseline phytochemical data for advancing onion bioactivity and biodiversity research.
Co-Authors .M.S, Zarlis Adamsyach Prana Walidin Adharani, Yana Agus, Firdaus Agusmal, Deni Ahmad Fahmi Lim, Ahmad Fakhzan Lim Aisman Aisman Aji, Irfan Pandu Alaika Amaly Khaira Alfaridzi, Eko Alima Rizkia Hsb Amini, Hijratun Anak Agung Gede Sugianthara Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani Anesti Viantika Gea Anwar Kasim Aprialdho, Rivan April Laksana Apriliano, Yova Rezky Arafat, Andril Ardharani, Yana Arfian Suryasuciramdhan Ari Wibowo Sembiring Armenia, Armenia Aryadi Rachman Asmar, Sarah Asmira, Sepni Auzar Syarif Azhani Amran, Siti B P Priosoeryanto Cesar Welya Refdi D Muchtadi Daimon Syukri Dedi Masri Desniarti, Desniarti Dhiyandra Prasetya Gusti Diana Sylvi Diana Sylvi Dini Novita Sari Dwi, Gebi Sintia Elvinas, Rici Erizal Erizal F R Zakaria F. Failisnur Fachrur Rozi Fachrur Rozi Fajratul Yanda Felga Zulfia Radiana Felga Zulfia Rasdiana Gimnastiar, Nazar Habibie, Muhammad Fadhil Haeruddin Hafid Haramain, Genta Harmiyati Hasbullah Hasbullah Hasbullah Hasbullah Hendri Nurdin Heni Pujiastuti Heriyenni Heriyenni Heriyenni, Heriyenni Hijratun Amini Hijriyantomi Suyuthie Ikram, A. Aiyul Irzal Irzal Ismed Ismed Ismed Ismed Karim, Ahmad Khaira, Bunga Silvana Khairul Fahmi Sagala Laila Ali Tanjung Liganti, Rani Lola Amalia Sibarani Lucia Saraswati M Farhan Hidayatullah Magfirah, Magfirah Majahar Ali, Majid Khan Memanda, Freddy Metriadi, Metriadi Miati, Fenita Muhammad Alfiyansah Muhammad Iqbal Muhammad Zikri Mutia Sari, Shinta Najwatul Khoiriah Nanda, Ririn Fatma Neswati Neswati Netty Sri Indeswari Ninsix, Retti Novelina Novi Yanti, Silvia Novizar Nazir Novizar Novizar Novizar Novizar Novizar, Novizar Novridah Reanti Purba Nur Azizah Hrp Nurbaya Ambo, Sitti Okta Elviana Manurung Parlaungan Gabriel Siahaan Periadnadi Periadnadi Popy Meilina Purnama Dini Hari Qardhawi, Nadif Yusuf Rahma Aniq Aulia Rahmayani Rahmayani Rahmayani Rahmayani Rani Liganti Refky Genta Saputra Reni Koja Retti Ninsix Rhizqi Dwiputra Ramadhan Rina Yenrina Rini B RINI RINI Rini Rini Rini Rini Risanty, Rita Dewi Rully Mujiastuti Sahadi Didi Ismanto Sandonella Anggini Sarah Asmar Saraswati, Lucia Sayuti, Kesuma Sepni Asmira Sharla Setyawati Shinta Mutia Sari Silfeni Silfeni Siti Dhifah Umairah Supu, Ramli Surini Siswarjono Sutrisno, Mirza Syukri , Daimon Tuty Anggraini Ulsiani, Della Viantika Gea, Anesti Vlio Lina Monalisa Wan Ishak, Wan Rosli Wardah Sahrani Sibarani Wellyalina, Wellyalina Welya Refdi, Cesar Yanti, Herina Yolanda, Milda Yuneita Anisma Yusra Yusra YUSRA YUSRA Zaenal Muttaqin, Muchammad Zahran, Fikry Muhammad Zarlis .M.S Zulkurnain, Musfirah