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All Journal Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Bioeducation Journal Jurnal Bioterdidik: Wahana Ekspresi Ilmiah SEMIRATA 2015 BioCONCETTA Bio Ilmi: Jurnal Pendidikan E-Dimas: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Biodidaktika : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Palapa: Jurnal Study Keislaman dan Ilmu Pendidikan Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) Jurnal Bioedukatika Biosfer: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi JURNAL PENDIDIKAN ROKANIA Jurnal Biolokus: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Biologi dan Biologi JURNAL EKSAKTA PENDIDIKAN (JEP) Bioedukasi: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI JEMST: Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science, and Technology Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Journal of Educational Research and Evaluation Jurnal EDUTECH Undiksha Journal on Education FONDATIA Jurnal Ilmiah Mandala Education (JIME) EDUKATIF : JURNAL ILMU PENDIDIKAN Jurnal Dedikasi Pendidikan Atrium Pendidikan Biologi MANAZHIM Thinking Skills and Creativity Journal Pelita Eksakta Abdi: Jurnal Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Bio-Inoved : Jurnal Biologi-Inovasi Pendidikan Sainstek : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Best Journal (Biology Education, Sains and Technology) Jurnal Biogenerasi Penbios: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan AS-SABIQUN: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini Journal On Teacher Education (Jote) FORUM PAEDAGOGIK SIMBIOSA BiosciED: Journal of Biological Science and Education Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies Bioed : Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi BIOCHEPHY: Journal of Science Education Jurnal Vokasi Mekanika Al-Alam : Islamic Natural Science Education Journal Tsaqofah: Jurnal Penelitian Guru Indonesia Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Science Education) Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan Biodik: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi
Heffi Alberida
Universitas Negeri Padang
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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The Effect of Problem Based Learning Model on Critical Thinking Ability of Students on Additives and Addictive Substances Class VIII SMPN 12 Padang Mesia Dewi Hasanah; Heffi Alberida; Yosi Laila Rahmi
Bioeducation Journal Vol 2 No 2 (2018): Bioeducation Journal
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang Address: Biology Education Study Program Faculty Mathematics and Natural Science (FMIPA) Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Barat, Padang-West Sumatera-Indonesia Telp. +62751-7057420 - Fax.+62751-7058772 - Ph. +6281363229286

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/bioedu.v2i2.68

Abstract

Implementation of Curriculum 2013 requires students to learn actively, independently, and critical thinking. Critical thinking is an activity through thinking about ideas related to concepts or problems. The efforts to improve critical thinking skills of learners can be done by using the appropriate learning model. One of the learning models that can be used to improve the ability of critical thinking is a problem-based learning model. This type of research is quasi experiment with randomized control-group pretest posttest design. The sample of this research choosed by used purposive sampling method. Class VIII6 as experimental class and class VIII4 as control class. Data of this research result are quantitative data of critical thinking ability. Data were analyzed by using t test. The results showed that the mean difference of posttest value with pretest value of critical thinking ability of experimental class learners is higher than control class. Hypothesis testing with t-test obtained tcalculate=2,94>ttable= 1,67, then H1 accepted. Based on these results the authors conclude that the implementation of problem-based learning model has a positive effect on the ability to think critically learners on the material additives and addictive substances.
Effect of Cooperative Learning Model Numbered Head Together (NHT) to Social Attitudes Toward Competency Seventh Grade Students of SMPN 1 Padang Toeenfi Febrian Suzerli; Heffi Alberida; Relsas Yogica
Bioeducation Journal Vol 3 No 1 (2019): Bioeducation Journal
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang Address: Biology Education Study Program Faculty Mathematics and Natural Science (FMIPA) Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Barat, Padang-West Sumatera-Indonesia Telp. +62751-7057420 - Fax.+62751-7058772 - Ph. +6281363229286

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/bioedu.v3i1.97

Abstract

Learning science in SMPN 1 Padang has been running pretty well in accordance with the curriculum of 2013. However, there are still shortcomings in the aspect of attitude. Such as low self-care among others, mutual esteem is very low when friends come forward, attitudes tend to be selfish and apathetic attitude towards the environment, resulting in low competence of the social attitudes of learners. One of the ways that teachers can do is to implement cooperative learning model Numbered Head Together (NHT). This study aims to determine the effect of cooperative learning model Numbered Head Together (NHT) the competence of the social attitudes of students of class VII SMPN 1 Padang. This study was an experimental study with a quasi-experimental methods (quasi-experimental). The study population was the students of class VII SMPN 1 Padang. Sampling was done by purposive sampling with learners VII.D class as the control class and the class as a class experiment VII.E. The instrument used is the observation sheet attitude competence of learners. The result shows that there are improvement of students social attitude competence after using NHT in class VII SMPN 1 Padang. Factors include are discussed.
The Improvement of Critical Thinking Ability Students Through Inquiry Learning Model about Excretory System Class VIII in SMPN 11 Padang MEZI YULIA ASTUTI; Heffi Alberida; Yosi Laila Rahmi
Bioeducation Journal Vol 2 No 2 (2018): Bioeducation Journal
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang Address: Biology Education Study Program Faculty Mathematics and Natural Science (FMIPA) Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Barat, Padang-West Sumatera-Indonesia Telp. +62751-7057420 - Fax.+62751-7058772 - Ph. +6281363229286

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/bioedu.v2i2.106

Abstract

Critical thinking is a purposeful and clear process used in mental activities such as problem solving, decision making, persuading, analyzing assumptions and conducting scientific research. The ability of thinking critically is effected by the competence of knowledge acquired by the students. Based on midterm exam, the result showed that 87,5% of students do not meet the minimum exhaustiveness criteria (KKM). One way that can be condusted to overcome it is applying inquiry learning model.the purpose of this research is to find out the effect of inquiry learning model towards studens’ critical thinking skills. The research is Quasi experiment research by using Randomized Control-Group Research Posttest Only Design. The population is VIII class student in SMPN 11 Padang. The sample is VIII.B students as an experiment class and VIII.C students as a control class, that are selected by purposive sampling technique. The instrument used is final test in form of essays to see the effect of inquiry laerning model of critical thinking ability of students. The hypothesis in this research is examinated by t-test, because the data is distributed normally and it has homogenen variation. Based on the research, the result showed that critical thinkingability t arithmetic > t table (4,23 > 1,67). Therefore, the hypothesis is accepted it can be concluded than applying inquiry learning model can give positive effecttowards students competence of critical thinking ability about excretion system in VIII class SMPN 11 Padang.
Undertanding's Analysis the Concept of Classification of Living Organism for Student's Class VII at SMPN 8 Padang Rahmadhani Fitri; Niggita Syofyati; Heffi Alberida
Bioeducation Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2021): Bioeducation Journal
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang Address: Biology Education Study Program Faculty Mathematics and Natural Science (FMIPA) Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Barat, Padang-West Sumatera-Indonesia Telp. +62751-7057420 - Fax.+62751-7058772 - Ph. +6281363229286

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/bioedu.v5i2.142

Abstract

Biology is one of the branches of IPA. Biology as one of science subjects has different principles with other science subjects. It has many concepts contained in biology. One of the complex bilogical materials contained in biology and difficult to understand by learners's the material about classification of living things. In addition, the material classification of living things commonly used terms that difficult to understand by learners. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the concepts in the material classification of living things that have not been or have been understood by students. This study aims to analyze the understanding of the concept of classification of living things in class VII students in SMPN 8 Padang. The type of this research is descriptive research. The sample was taken by simple random sampling technique, with 48 students. The research was conducted by giving multiple choice test questions with open reasoning. Data were analyzed quantitatively. The result of the research showed that the students of class VII in SMPN 8 Padang experienced the level of understanding of the concept on the low category. Low comprehension of concepts includes the concepts of the characteristics of living things 41.66%; basic classification of living creatures 25.00%; 12.50% determination key concepts; monera and protista groups 16.93%; features of Kingdom Fungi 21.88%; features of Kingdom Plantae 20.83%; the difference between moss, ferns and seed plants 18.23%; the features of Kingdom Animalia 9.38% and the difference between Vertebrate and Invertebrate animals 16.02%.
The Effect of Learning Model Cycle 5E Combined with Student Science Project Activities to the Skills of Science Process and Scientific Attitude of Grade XI Students of SMAN 14 Padang Heffi Alberida; Lani Viora Cecilia; Fitri Arsih
Bioeducation Journal Vol 2 No 1 (2018): Bioeducation Journal
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang Address: Biology Education Study Program Faculty Mathematics and Natural Science (FMIPA) Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Barat, Padang-West Sumatera-Indonesia Telp. +62751-7057420 - Fax.+62751-7058772 - Ph. +6281363229286

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/bioedu.v2i1.177

Abstract

The aim of this research was to investigate effect of 5E learning cycle model combined with science project on science-process skills and scientific attitudes. This research was based on problem of SMAN 14 Padang students whose scieence-process skills and scientific attitudes wasn’t optimally developed as a result of teacher-centered learning activity. A quasi-experimental design which was randomized control group posttest only design implemented have participants were recruited from among 3rd grade students of SMAN 14 Padang. The sample of this research had choosen by purposive sampling technique. Results of study reveal that there is significant difference between experimental and control group students’ science-process skills and scientific attitudes scores.
The Influence of Problem Solving Model Toward Students’ Critical Thinking Skills Nindya Ananda Latifa; Heffi Alberida
Bioeducation Journal Vol 3 No 2 (2019): Bioeducation Journal
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang Address: Biology Education Study Program Faculty Mathematics and Natural Science (FMIPA) Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Barat, Padang-West Sumatera-Indonesia Telp. +62751-7057420 - Fax.+62751-7058772 - Ph. +6281363229286

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/bioedu.v3i2.240

Abstract

The aims of this study was to find whether there was an influence of the Problem Solving Model towards critical thinking skills of students of grade XI in SMAN 9 Padang. A Quasi Experiment method with The Post-test Control Group Only Design was used in this study. Students were grouped in an experimental group (Problem Solving model) and a control group (Direct intruction). The data from a test were analyzed using t-test with a=0,05. The findings showed that there was a significant difference of critical thinking skills enhancement in experimental group than the control group.
The Validity and Reliability of The Instrument Assessment of Higher Order Thinking Skill on The Biological Scope Materials Ganda Hijrah Selaras; Yuni Ahda; Heffi Alberida; Tri Putri Wahyuni
Bioeducation Journal Vol 3 No 2 (2019): Bioeducation Journal
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang Address: Biology Education Study Program Faculty Mathematics and Natural Science (FMIPA) Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Barat, Padang-West Sumatera-Indonesia Telp. +62751-7057420 - Fax.+62751-7058772 - Ph. +6281363229286

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/bioedu.v3i2.242

Abstract

High Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) requires students to connect, analyze, and also transform their knowledges and experiences. To determine students' high-level thinking skills, we can use assessment instruments. A good instrument should be valid and reliable so it is feasible to measure and assess what it wants to be measured and assessed. Therefore it is necessary to know the level of validity and reliability of the higher order thinking assessment instruments. The instrument used in this study in the scope of biology material. This type of research is descriptive research. The subjects of this study were students of grade X MIPA 5 SMA 5 Padang. Based on the results of data analysis, the assessment instrument of high order thinking skill on biological scope material is logically valid, empirical valid and reliable.
The Effect of Problem Solving Model Towards Higher Order Thinking Skills and Students Learning Activities Waliyyatu Azzahra; Heffi Alberida
Bioeducation Journal Vol 4 No 1 (2020): Bioeducation Journal
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang Address: Biology Education Study Program Faculty Mathematics and Natural Science (FMIPA) Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Barat, Padang-West Sumatera-Indonesia Telp. +62751-7057420 - Fax.+62751-7058772 - Ph. +6281363229286

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/bioedu.v4i1.247

Abstract

This study aims to determine the influence of the application of Problem Solving Model towards higher order thinking skills and learning activities of Class X students in SMAN 3 Bukittinggi. This type of research is an experimental study with a Random Design Only Posttest Design Group. The research subjects were 32 students of Class X MIPA 2 SMAN 3 Bukittinggi who were registered in the 2019/2020 school year. The research instrument for obtaining high order thinking skills data is an objective form of question sheet, while the learning activities data obtained through the observation sheet filled by observers. The results showed the average value obtained in the class applied the Problem Solving Model was 76.06. This value is higher when compared to the average value in the control class, which is 66.19. Learning activities of students with the application of the Problem Solving Model, namely for oral activity 73.44%, visual activity 93.76%, and writing activity 96.88%. This percentage is also higher than the control class which has a percentage of 42.19%, 84.38%, and 75%. Based on the results of the study, it can be conclude that the Problem Solving Model has a significant positive effect on the increase in high order thinking skills and learning activities of Class X students of SMAN 3 Bukittinggi. Keywords: Problem Soving, HOTS, Learning Activities
Literature Study on the Application of the Talking Chips Learning Model to the Learning Competency of High School Students Lucy Petra Kamelsa; Ristiono Ristiono; Heffi Alberida; Relsas Yogica; Zulyusri Zulyusri
Bioeducation Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2021): Bioeducation Journal
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang Address: Biology Education Study Program Faculty Mathematics and Natural Science (FMIPA) Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Barat, Padang-West Sumatera-Indonesia Telp. +62751-7057420 - Fax.+62751-7058772 - Ph. +6281363229286

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/bioedu.v5i2.287

Abstract

There are not many articles that discuss the application of the Talking Chips type cooperative learning model or also known as the jingling buttons in the study of Biology, there are differences in the dependent variables discussed in each article and there has been no research with a literature study on the effect of applying the cooperative learning model type. Talking Chips on the learning competence of SMA/Vocational High School students became the background of the researcher in writing this thesis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of applying the Talking Chips learning model on the learning competence of SMA/SMK students based on a literature study. The type of research used is literature study research which refers to the research conducted previously. The data used in the form of secondary data in the form of articles in journals that have been accredited by SINTA and related to the application of the Talking Chips type cooperative learning model to the learning competencies of SMA/SMK students. The research sample is all sample members who are applied with the Talking Chips type cooperative learning model contained in the specified article.Learning by using the Talking Chips model is able to improve the learning competence of students in the aspects of knowledge competence, attitude competence, and skill competence. It is hoped that this research can be a source of information and reference in the use of the Talking Chips learning model so that effective learning can be carried out.
IbM Mushroom Cultivation to Empowerment Mothers Dasa Wisma Yosi Laila Rahmi; Heffi Alberida; Helendra Helendra
Pelita Eksakta Vol 1 No 1 (2018): Pelita Eksakta Vol. 1 No. 1
Publisher : Fakultas MIPA Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/pelitaeksakta/vol1-iss1/23

Abstract

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捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㤶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽敍楤浵䜠楲⁤″捁散瑮㈠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽〷•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽慄歲䰠獩⁴捁散瑮㈠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽ㄷ•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽潃潬晲汵匠慨楤杮䄠捣湥⁴∲㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㜢∲匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䌢汯牯畦楌瑳䄠捣湥⁴∲㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㜢∳匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䌢汯牯畦片摩䄠捣湥⁴∲㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∰匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䰢杩瑨匠慨楤杮䄠捣湥⁴∳㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∱匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䰢杩瑨䰠獩⁴捁散瑮㌠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㈶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽楌桧⁴片摩䄠捣湥⁴∳㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∳匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䴢摥畩桓摡湩⁧‱捁散瑮㌠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㐶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽敍楤浵匠慨楤杮㈠䄠捣湥⁴∳㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∵匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䴢摥畩楌瑳ㄠ䄠捣湥⁴∳㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∶匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䴢摥畩楌瑳㈠䄠捣湥⁴∳㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∷匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䴢摥畩片摩ㄠ䄠捣湥⁴∳㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∸匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䴢摥畩片摩㈠䄠捣湥⁴∳㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∹匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䴢摥畩片摩㌠䄠捣湥⁴∳㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㜢∰匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䐢牡楌瑳䄠捣湥⁴∳㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㜢∱匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䌢汯牯畦桓摡湩⁧捁散瑮㌠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㈷•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽潃潬晲汵䰠獩⁴捁散瑮㌠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㌷•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽潃潬晲汵䜠楲⁤捁散瑮㌠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽〶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽楌桧⁴桓摡湩⁧捁散瑮㐠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽ㄶ•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽楌桧⁴楌瑳䄠捣湥⁴∴㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∲匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䰢杩瑨䜠楲⁤捁散瑮㐠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㌶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽敍楤浵匠慨楤杮ㄠ䄠捣湥⁴∴㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∴匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䴢摥畩桓摡湩⁧′捁散瑮㐠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㔶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽敍楤浵䰠獩⁴‱捁散瑮㐠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㘶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽敍楤浵䰠獩⁴′捁散瑮㐠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㜶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽敍楤浵䜠楲⁤‱捁散瑮㐠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㠶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽敍楤浵䜠楲⁤′捁散瑮㐠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㤶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽敍楤浵䜠楲⁤″捁散瑮㐠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽〷•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽慄歲䰠獩⁴捁散瑮㐠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽ㄷ•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽潃潬晲汵匠慨楤杮䄠捣湥⁴∴㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㜢∲匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䌢汯牯畦楌瑳䄠捣湥⁴∴㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㜢∳匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䌢汯牯畦片摩䄠捣湥⁴∴㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∰匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䰢杩瑨匠慨楤杮䄠捣湥⁴∵㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∱匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䰢杩瑨䰠獩⁴捁散瑮㔠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㈶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽楌桧⁴片摩䄠捣湥⁴∵㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∳匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䴢摥畩桓摡湩⁧‱捁散瑮㔠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㐶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽敍楤浵匠慨楤杮㈠䄠捣湥⁴∵㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∵匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䴢摥畩楌瑳ㄠ䄠捣湥⁴∵㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∶匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䴢摥畩楌瑳㈠䄠捣湥⁴∵㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∷匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䴢摥畩片摩ㄠ䄠捣湥⁴∵㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∸匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䴢摥畩片摩㈠䄠捣湥⁴∵㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∹匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䴢摥畩片摩㌠䄠捣湥⁴∵㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㜢∰匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䐢牡楌瑳䄠捣湥⁴∵㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㜢∱匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䌢汯牯畦桓摡湩⁧捁散瑮㔠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㈷•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽潃潬晲汵䰠獩⁴捁散瑮㔠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㌷•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽潃潬晲汵䜠楲⁤捁散瑮㔠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽〶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽楌桧⁴桓摡湩⁧捁散瑮㘠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽ㄶ•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽楌桧⁴楌瑳䄠捣湥⁴∶㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∲匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䰢杩瑨䜠楲⁤捁散瑮㘠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㌶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽敍楤浵匠慨楤杮ㄠ䄠捣湥⁴∶㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㘢∴匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䴢摥畩桓摡湩⁧′捁散瑮㘠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㔶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽敍楤浵䰠獩⁴‱捁散瑮㘠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㘶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽敍楤浵䰠獩⁴′捁散瑮㘠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㜶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽敍楤浵䜠楲⁤‱捁散瑮㘠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㠶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽敍楤浵䜠楲⁤′捁散瑮㘠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㤶•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽敍楤浵䜠楲⁤″捁散瑮㘠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽〷•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽慄歲䰠獩⁴捁散瑮㘠⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽ㄷ•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•慎敭∽潃潬晲汵匠慨楤杮䄠捣湥⁴∶㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㜢∲匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䌢汯牯畦楌瑳䄠捣湥⁴∶㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㜢∳匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥丠浡㵥䌢汯牯畦片摩䄠捣湥⁴∶㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹ㄢ∹匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥儠潆浲瑡∽牴敵•慎敭∽畓瑢敬䔠灭慨楳≳㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㈢∱匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥儠潆浲瑡∽牴敵•慎敭∽湉整獮⁥浅桰獡獩⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽ㄳ•敓業楈摤湥∽慦獬≥਍†唠桮摩坥敨啮敳㵤昢污敳•䙑牯慭㵴琢畲≥丠浡㵥匢扵汴⁥敒敦敲据≥㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㌢∲匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥儠潆浲瑡∽牴敵•慎敭∽湉整獮⁥敒敦敲据≥㸯਍†眼䰺摳硅散瑰潩潌正摥∽慦獬≥倠楲牯瑩㵹㌢∳匠浥䡩摩敤㵮昢污敳ഢ †湕楨敤桗湥獕摥∽慦獬≥儠潆浲瑡∽牴敵•慎敭∽潂歯吠瑩敬⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㜳•慎敭∽楂汢潩牧灡票⼢ാ 㰠㩷獌䕤捸灥楴湯䰠捯敫㵤昢污敳•牐潩楲祴∽㤳•䙑牯慭㵴琢畲≥丠浡㵥吢䍏䠠慥楤杮⼢ാ ⼼㩷慌整瑮瑓汹獥ാ㰊砯汭㰾嬡湥楤嵦ⴭാ㰊瑳汹㹥਍ℼⴭ਍⼠‪潆瑮䐠晥湩瑩潩獮⨠യ 晀湯⵴慦散਍笉潦瑮昭浡汩㩹慃楬牢㭩਍瀉湡獯ⵥ㨱′㔱㔠㈠㈠㈠㐠㌠㈠㐠഻ऊ獭ⵯ潦瑮挭慨獲瑥〺഻ऊ獭ⵯ敧敮楲ⵣ潦瑮昭浡汩㩹睳獩㭳਍洉潳昭湯⵴楰捴㩨慶楲扡敬഻ऊ獭ⵯ潦瑮猭杩慮畴敲ⴺ㌵㠶〷㐱‵〱㌷㠷ㄶㄱㄠ〠㐠㔱〠紻਍晀湯⵴慦散਍笉潦瑮昭浡汩㩹夢⁵楍据潨㬢਍洉潳昭湯⵴污㩴䄢楲污唠楮潣敤䴠≓഻ऊ獭ⵯ潦瑮挭慨獲瑥ㄺ㠲഻ऊ獭ⵯ敧敮楲ⵣ潦瑮昭浡汩㩹潲慭㭮਍洉潳昭湯⵴楰捴㩨慶楲扡敬഻ऊ獭ⵯ潦瑮猭杩慮畴敲〺㜠㜱㐷㐹㠸ㄠ‸‰㌱㈱ㄳ〠紻਍晀湯⵴慦散਍笉潦瑮昭浡汩㩹尢奀⁵楍据潨㬢਍洉潳昭湯⵴档牡敳㩴㈱㬸਍洉潳札湥牥捩昭湯⵴慦業祬爺浯湡഻ऊ獭ⵯ潦瑮瀭瑩档瘺牡慩汢㭥਍洉潳昭湯⵴楳湧瑡牵㩥‰ㄷ㜷㤴㠴‸㠱〠ㄠㄳ㌲‱㬰ൽ ⨯匠祴敬䐠晥湩瑩潩獮⨠യ ⹰獍乯牯慭ⱬ氠⹩獍乯牯慭ⱬ搠癩䴮潳潎浲污਍笉獭ⵯ瑳汹ⵥ湵楨敤渺㭯਍洉潳猭祴敬焭潦浲瑡示獥഻ऊ獭ⵯ瑳汹ⵥ慰敲瑮∺㬢਍洉牡楧⵮潴㩰挰㭭਍洉牡楧⵮楲桧㩴挰㭭਍洉牡楧⵮潢瑴浯ㄺ⸰瀰㭴਍洉牡楧⵮敬瑦〺浣഻ऊ楬敮栭楥桧㩴ㄱ┵഻ऊ獭ⵯ慰楧慮楴湯眺摩睯漭灲慨㭮਍昉湯⵴楳敺ㄺ⸱瀰㭴਍昉湯⵴慦業祬∺慃楬牢≩∬慳獮猭牥晩㬢਍洉潳昭牡慥瑳昭湯⵴慦業祬∺留䴠湩档≯഻ऊ獭ⵯ楢楤昭湯⵴慦業祬∺楔敭⁳敎⁷潒慭≮഻ऊ獭ⵯ湡楳氭湡畧条㩥剆഻ऊ獭ⵯ慦敲獡⵴慬杮慵敧䔺ⵎ单紻਍䴮潳桃䑰晥畡瑬਍笉獭ⵯ瑳汹ⵥ祴数攺灸牯⵴湯祬഻ऊ獭ⵯ敤慦汵⵴牰灯㩳敹㭳਍昉湯⵴楳敺ㄺ⸰瀰㭴਍洉潳愭獮⵩潦瑮猭穩㩥〱〮瑰഻ऊ獭ⵯ楢楤昭湯⵴楳敺ㄺ⸰瀰㭴਍昉湯⵴慦業祬∺慃楬牢≩∬慳獮猭牥晩㬢਍洉潳愭捳楩昭湯⵴慦業祬䌺污扩楲഻ऊ獭ⵯ慦敲獡⵴潦瑮昭浡汩㩹夢⁵楍据潨㬢਍洉潳栭湡楳昭湯⵴慦業祬䌺污扩楲紻਍灀条⁥潗摲敓瑣潩ㅮ਍笉楳敺㘺㈱〮瑰㜠㈹〮瑰഻ऊ慭杲湩㜺⸲瀰⁴㈷〮瑰㜠⸲瀰⁴㈷〮瑰഻ऊ獭ⵯ敨摡牥洭牡楧㩮㘳〮瑰഻ऊ獭ⵯ潦瑯牥洭牡楧㩮㘳〮瑰഻ऊ獭ⵯ慰数⵲潳牵散〺紻਍楤⹶潗摲敓瑣潩ㅮ਍笉慰敧场牯卤捥楴湯㬱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Co-Authors Abdul Razak Abdul Razak Afdal Afdal, Afdal Afriandi, Muhammad Aisyah Hamid Aldeva Ilhami* Ananda, Syifa Andiani Firdaus Andini, Yuni Fatma Anggryani, Ria Apriyeni, Olda Ardi - Ardi Ardi Ardi Ardi Ardi Ardi Ardianti, Riska Arfianti, Fina Aripin, Nurul Atifah, Yusni Atiqah Nabila Febril Aulia Fikri, Refsya Aulia Hafifah Aulia Rahmi, Aulia Aulia, Retri Ayu Andriyanti Ayu Wulandari Damira Damira Darmanella Dian Eka Wati Defni, Syafira Desi Nurmayenti Dezi Handayani Dezi Handayani Diah Putri Anggun Diah Sunarwati Dian Purnamasari Diana Vivanti Sigit Dinda Nursal Dwi Aprilia Heni Putri Dwi Hilda Putri Eliza Eliza Elsa Yuniarti Elsa Yuniarti Emelia Debora Endela, Elifia Zulfa Etmi Hardi Fadilah, Muhyiatl Fadilah, Muhyiatul Fajrina, Suci FAJRINA, SUCI Faren Landysa Fatira, Viona Fatni Mufit Febrina, Reza Femel Pajria Femil Adella Festiyed Festiyed Firdaus Eka Putra Fitri Arsih Fitri Arsih Hanjeli Sugandi Hasri Hidayati Helendra . Helendra Helendra Helsa Rahmatika Heni Putri, Dwi Aprilia Hidayati, Hasri Husnatul Ulya Husnul Khatmi Nurhalim I Gusti Bagus Wiksuana Ikmanisa Khairati Ilmi Zajuli Ichsan Intan Fathia Rahmi IRDAWATI Irdawati Irdawati Irdawati Irdawati Irdes Hidayana Siregar Isil Koc Jeniver Jeniver Junil Adri Karlina, Gita Khairina Khairina Khalif Alfajri Kiki Mulyani Lani Viora Cecilia Laras Trimayora Lasmi Lestari Lestari, Lasmi Lini Mulyani Lucy Petra Kamelsa Lufri Lufri Mades Fifendy Maricar H Sison Mayang Putri Mega Iswari Megawati - Mesia Dewi Hasanah MEZI YULIA ASTUTI Miftahul Jannah Miftahussa'adiah Miftahussa'adiah Monhartini Monhartini Moralita Chatri Muhammad Ikbal Muhammad Ikbal Muhyiatl Fadilah Muhyiatul Fadilah Muhyiatul Fadilah Mutia Sari Nada Aulia Asri Nadiah Alhusna Miatidini Nadila, Ainatul Nella Dwi Apriyani Nella Handayani Nengsih Oktari Niggita Syofyati Nike Delia Nindya Ananda Latifa Nining Purnama Dewi Novia Daniati Noviandra Syarif Novica Ashari Nurul Aulia Rahmi NURUL AZIZAH Nurul Azizah Oria Lasmana Permata Sari, Rovi Pratiwi Agusni Purwati, Selvira Putri Silmi Nurul Fadila Putri, Firma Rahmadhani Fitri Rahmadhani Fitri Rahmadhani Fitri Rahmawati Darussyamsu Rahmawati Darussyamsyu Rahmawati, Rahmawati Rahmi, Fitri Olvia Rahmi, Sagita Nea Rahmi, Yosi Laila Ramadhan Sumarmin Ramadhan Sumarmin Ramadhan Sumarmin Ramadhani Fitri Ramayawati Ratih Aulia Gusmar Ratih Komala Dewi Raysa Juwita Relsas Yogica, Relsas Retra Yoza Reuni, Putri Ria Anggriyani Ria Nati Lova Riandho Prandifa. Y Rika Andima Rika Gustia Risda Hayati Riska Ulandari Ristiono Ristiono Ristiono Ristiono Ristiono Ristiono Riza Elpia Delita Rizal, Resti Rona Taula Sari Ruri Lorika S. Syamsurizal Sa'diatul Fuadiyah Sa'diatul Fuadiyah Sa'diatul Fuadiyah Safitri, Rya Angraini sari, Mutia Sasmeri Sasmeri Sa’diatul Fuadiyah Selaras, Ganda Hijrah Sepriadi, Ilham Septu Yoelianty Sukma Shafira, Fitri Silvia Delvi Hardini Sinta Melati Siska Angreni Sisri Wahyuni Siti Aisah Sofiah Zulfa Sofya Widora Solly Aryza Sonia Nurul Ayunda SUCI FAJRINA Suci Fajrina Sukses Jona Mutia Syafrilianto, Syafrilianto Syakirah binti Samsudin Syamsuriza Syamsuriza Syamsurizal - - Syifa Ananda Syifa Ananda Tasya Maulani Tita Sonia Titin . Toeenfi Febrian Suzerli Tomi Apra Santosa Santosa Tri Lestari Agus Murianti Tri Putri Wahyuni Utami Azzahra Wahidul Basri Waliyyatu Azzahra Widuri Widuri Wika Wiria Windi Amelia Wirda Taufik Yelza Sonia Putri Yeni Nurpatri Yeny Nur Fasella Yerimadesi Yerimadesi Yerimadesi Yerimadesi Yogica, Relsas Yohana Yosi Laila Rahmi Yuni Ahda Yuni Ahda Zahra Salsabila Siregar Zenlis Suryana Zikra Zikra Zulfahmi Zulfahmi Zulyusri Zulyusri Zulyusri, Zulyusri