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All Journal JTEV (Jurnal Teknik Elektro dan Vokasional ELKHA : Jurnal Teknik Elektro Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Komputer dan Informatika (JITEKI) Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika Emerging Science Journal IT JOURNAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ILKOM Jurnal Ilmiah TELKA - Telekomunikasi, Elektronika, Komputasi dan Kontrol Kumawula: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Buletin Ilmiah Sarjana Teknik Elektro Mobile and Forensics Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC) Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS) Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Journal of Robotics and Control Systems Prosiding Seminar Nasional Program Pengabdian Masyarakat Techno Jurnal Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Indonesia Proceeding International Pelita Bangsa Journal of Fuzzy Systems and Control (JFSC) Control Systems and Optimization Letters Signal and Image Processing Letters
Alfian Ma’arif
Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Library & Information Science Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health Social Sciences

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Journal : control systems and optimization letters

 1   2 
Mapping the Role of Electrochemistry in Advancing Sustainable Development through Chemistry Education Fitri, Hajidah Salsabila Allissa; Ma'arif, Alfian; Rashid, Salman; Kalyazifa, Davira Oxana; Joronavalona, Rasamimanana
Control Systems and Optimization Letters Vol 4, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Peneliti Teknologi Teknik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59247/csol.v4i1.313

Abstract

The integration of electrochemistry and sustainable development has gained increasing scholarly attention in response to global energy transitions and sustainability agendas. This study maps the evolution, intellectual structure, and emerging themes of research at the intersection of electrochemistry, sustainable development, and chemistry education using a bibliometric approach. A total of 2,204 publications indexed in Scopus between 2000 and 2026 (with 2026 data limited to publications available up to February) were analyzed using Biblioshiny and VOSviewer. The results show a sharp increase in publication output after 2018, reflecting growing interest in sustainability-oriented electrochemical research. Research productivity and citation impact are concentrated in countries such as China and the United States, as indicated by publication counts and citation metrics. Thematic analyses reveal that dominant research areas are driven by technological domains, particularly lithium ion batteries, hydrogen production, electrocatalysis, and machine learning applications. Overlay and trend analyses further indicate the recent expansion of data-driven approaches in electrochemical research. However, only a limited proportion of publications explicitly address educational perspectives, indicating that pedagogical constructs remain peripheral within the field. In this study, transformative educational perspectives refer to approaches that integrate sustainability competencies, systems thinking, and real world problem solving into chemistry learning. The findings suggest a growing imbalance between rapid technological advancement and relatively limited pedagogical integration. This study provides a structured overview of research development and highlights the need for stronger alignment between electrochemical innovation and sustainability-oriented chemistry education.
Wheel Velocity Control for Electric Car with Kalman Filter and PID Optimization Falaah, Fadjar Nur; Ma'arif, Alfian
Control Systems and Optimization Letters Vol 3, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Peneliti Teknologi Teknik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59247/csol.v3i3.176

Abstract

This research addresses the challenge of achieving precise rotational speed control for DC motors in electric vehicles, a critical factor for ensuring smooth operation, energy efficiency, and safety. The study integrates a Kalman Filter with a PID Controller to mitigate sensor noise and external disturbances while minimizing steady-state errors. The Kalman Filter effectively reduces noise from rotary encoder sensors, enabling accurate speed estimation with multiplier values of countPulseM1 = 20.0 and countPulseM2 = 40.9. Optimal Kalman Filter parameter ratios were identified as R = 10.0, Q = 0.0001 for motor M1 and R = 8.0, Q = 0.0001 for motor M2, which minimized noise but resulted in slower motor responses compared to lower ratio configurations. To address this limitation, the PID controller was fine-tuned, yielding optimal parameters of Kp = 1.1, Ki = 8.1, and Kd = 0.00036 for motor M1 and Kp = 0.9, Ki = 9.4, and Kd = 0.00009 for motor M2. These settings achieved a rise time of 0.13 seconds, overshoot of 8.69%, and steady-state error of -1.19%. Disturbance testing with a hall magnetic rotary encoder revealed motor M1 with a rise time of 0.27 seconds and M2 with 0.16 seconds, both showing robust responses but requiring faster recovery times for stabilization. While the combination of Kalman Filter and PID significantly enhances control accuracy, further improvements are necessary to reduce settling times and ensure greater stability under dynamic conditions. This work contributes valuable insights into advanced control techniques for electric vehicle drivetrains and robotic systems.
Understanding Large Language Models: A Review Wulandari, Annastasya Nabila Elsa; Purwono, Purwono; Ma’arif, Alfian; Basil, Noorulden; Marhoon, Hamzah M.
Control Systems and Optimization Letters Vol 4, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Peneliti Teknologi Teknik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59247/csol.v4i2.292

Abstract

Large Language Models (LLMs) have experienced rapid development and have been established as the dominant paradigm in modern Natural Language Processing (NLP), with high performance demonstrated across various language understanding and generation tasks. Increasing architectural complexity has led to the need for a structured conceptual framework to explain how architectural design, training paradigms, and inference mechanisms are collectively associated with model behavior. A conceptual and analytical review of LLMs is presented in this article through an examination of the relationship between Transformer-based architectures, multi-stage training processes, and the resulting capabilities and limitations. Encoder-only, decoder-only, and encoder–decoder architectural variants are examined in relation to structural characteristics and functional implications. The roles of pretraining, supervised fine-tuning, and instruction tuning are analyzed to clarify how output characteristics are shaped during model development. This study emphasizes how architectural and training strategies causally influence generative capabilities and inherent limitations. Fundamental issues, including hallucination, bias, data dependency, computational cost, and evaluation challenges, are critically examined as consequences of the probabilistic modeling paradigm adopted in LLMs. This review contributes a structured analytical perspective for evaluating LLMs design choices and their operational consequences, supporting more informed development and deployment practices.
PID Control System on Air Levitation Tube Ghazy, Maulana Irfan; Ma'arif, Alfian; Fauzan, Muhammad Fathan
Control Systems and Optimization Letters Vol 2, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Peneliti Teknologi Teknik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59247/csol.v2i3.218

Abstract

In the modern technological era, industries continuously seek to improve efficiency, speed, and safety in production processes, with control systems playing a vital role, especially in applications requiring high precision. One such application is air levitation systems, which enable contactless object positioning using controlled airflow. This research focuses on the design and implementation of a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control system for an air levitation tube, specifically aimed at maintaining the stable position of a ping pong ball within the tube. The system employs an ultrasonic sensor to measure the ball's position and a brushless motor, controlled via an Electronic Speed Controller (ESC), to regulate the airflow. The optimal PID parameters were determined through systematic tuning across various setpoints, yielding Kp = 1, Ki = 0.01, and Kd = 0.7, allowing the system to maintain stability and respond effectively to disturbances. The results demonstrate that the PID control system successfully regulates the ball’s position with minimal oscillation and fast response time. This achievement highlights the viability of PID-controlled air levitation systems not only for industrial use but also as educational tools in engineering and automation training. By integrating hardware and control algorithms into a practical setup, this study contributes to both technological development and enhanced pedagogical approaches in control engineering.
Co-Authors . Iswanto A. Mossa, Mahmoud A. Salah, Wael Abboud, Sarah Abdel-Nasser Sharkawy Abdel-Nasser Sharkawy Abdullah Çakan Abdullah Çakan Abdullah Çakan Abdulmaged, Riyam Bassim Abougarair, Ahmed Abougarair, Ahmed J Abougarair, Ahmed J. Abougarair, Ahmed Jaber Abu, N. S. Abu, Nur Syuhadah Aburakhis, Mohamed Adhianty Nurjanah Adli, M. H. Adriyanto, Feri Agus Aktawan, Agus Ahmad Nurimam Akbar, Afindra Hafiedz Al Ibrahmi, Elmehdi Al Madani Kurniawan, Aqsha Al-Quraan, Ayman Al-Sabur, Raheem Al-Tahir, Sarah O. Alanssari, Ali Ihsan Alayi, Reza Aldi Bastiatul Fawait Fawait Alfan Habibillah Alfan Habibillah Alfian, Eriko Alfian, Rio Ikhsan Ali Asghar Poorat Aljanabi, Haider Dheyaa Kamil Aljarhizi, Yahya ALYA MASITHA Alyazidi, Nezar M. Amelia, Shinta Ammi, Yamina Andino Maseleno Angelo Marcelo Tusset Anhar Anhar Aninditya Anggari Nuryono Anish Pandey Anna Nur Nazilah Chamim Ansarifard, Mehdi Anton Yudhana Antonius Rajagukguk Anuchart Srisiriwat Anwar, Miftahul Anwer, Noha Apik Rusdiarna Indra Praja Ardana, Regina Olivia Fitri Ariadita, Silfia Cindy Ariska Fitriyana Ningrum Arofiati, Fitri Arya Adiningrat Ashadi Setiawan Asih, Hayati Mukti Asno Azzawagama Firdaus Ayati, Kheloud Baballe, Muhammad Ahmad Bagas Putra Anggara Bakouri, Mohsen Bakti Setiawan Bangun Aji Saputra Barbara Gunawan Basil, Noorulden Bdirina, El Khansa Belabbas, Belkacem Benabdallah, Naima Benlaloui, Idriss Berlian Shanaza Andiany Bessous, Noureddine Bilah Kebenaran Binnerianto, Binnerianto Blazek, Vojtech Boulal, Abdellah Bousseksou, Radouane Boutabba, T. Bukhari, W. M. Cakan, Abdullah Carlos Antonio Márquez-Vera Carlos Sánchez-López Carlos Sánchez-López Cengiz Deniz Chico Hermanu Chivon, Choeung Chojaa, Hamid Chotikunnan, Phichitphon Chotikunnan, Rawiphon Dahmani, Abdennasser Dhias Cahya Hakika Dhiya Uddin Rijalusalam Dhiya Uddin Rijalusalam Dhiya Uddin Rijalusalam Dhiya Uddin Rijalusalam Diab, Ahmed A. Zaki Diab, Yasser Dianda Rifaldi Dimas Chaerul Ekty Saputra Dimas Dwika Saputra Dimas Herjuno Dodi Saputra Dodi Saputra Dwi Ana Ratna Wati Dyah Mutiarin Dyah Mutiarin, Dyah Edwin A. Umoh Eka Suci Rahayu Eka Suci Rahayu Eka Widya Suseno Ekinci, Serdar Elbadaoui, Sara Elbahat, Haitham Ibrahim Elzein, I. M. Eskandar Jamali Faalah, Fadjar Nur Fadhil Mohammed, Abdullah Fadlur Rahman T. Hasan Fahassa, Chaymae Fahmi Syuhada Faikul Umam Falaah, Fadjar Nur Farnaz Jahanbin Fathurrahman, Haris Imam Karim Fathurrahman, Haris Imam Karim Fatma Nuraisyah, Fatma Fauzan, Muhammad Fathan Fawzy, Ibram Y. Febryansah, M. Iqbal Ferydon Gharadaghi Feter, Muslih Rayullan Fitri Arofiati Fitri, Hajidah Salsabila Allissa Frisky, Aufaclav Zatu Kusuma Furizal Furizal Furizal Furizal, Furizal Gatot Supangkat Gatot Supangkat Ghazy, Maulana Irfan Gonibala, Fajriansya Guntur Nugroho Habachi, Rachid Hadoune, Aziz Haloui, Rabia Hamdi Echeikh Hamzah M Marhoon Hamzah M. Marhoon Hanini, Salah Hanna, Ahmad Zyusrotul Haq, Qazi Mazhar ul Hari Maghfiroh Hari Maghfiroh Haryo Setiawan Hasibuan, Ahmad Firdaus Hassan, Ahmed Tawfik Hassan, Ammar M. Hassan, Reem Falah Hassanine, Abdalrahman M. Hedroug, Mohamed Elamine Hendriyanto, Raeyvaldo Dwi Heroual, Samira Hossein Monfared Houari Khouidmi Ikhsan Alfian, Rio Ikram, Kouidri Ilham Mufandi Imam Riadi Imam Riadi Iman Permana Iman Sahrobi Tambunan Imura, Pariwat Ipin Prasojo Irfan Ahmad Irfan Ahmad Irianto Irianto Israa Al_barazanchi ISTIARNO, RYAN Iswanto Iswanto Iswanto Iswanto Iswanto Iswanto Iswanto Iswanto Iswanto Suwarno Iswanto Suwarno Iswanto Suwarno Iswanto Suwarno Iswanto, . Izci, Davut Javana, Kanyanat Jazaul Ikhsan Jihad Rahmawan Joko Pitoyo Joko Slamet Saputro Jonattan Niño Parada Joronavalona, Rasamimanana Juwitaningtyas, Titisari Kalyazifa, Davira Oxana Kamel Guesmi, Kamel Kariyamin, Kariyamin Kassem, Ahmed Keawkao, Supachai Kemal Thoriq Al-Azis Kherrour, Sofiane Khoirudin Wisnu Mahendra Khotakham, Wanida Kurniasari, Indah Dwi Kusuma, Isnainul Laidi, Maamar Laveet Kumar Li-Yi Chin Listyantoro, Fiki Lora Khaula Amifia Loulijat, Azeddine Magdi S. Mahmoud Magdi Sadek Mahmoud Magdi Sadek Mahmoud Maghfiroh, Hari Maharani Raharja, Nia Maharani, Siti Mutia Mahmoud A. Mossa Mahmoud Zadehbagheri Mahmoud Zadehbagheri Mahmoud, Magdi S. Mahmoud, Magdi Sadek Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally MAJDOUBI, Rania Mangku Negara, Iis Setiawan Mangkunegara, Iis Setiawan Marco Antonio Márquez Vera Marco Antonio Márquez Vera Marhoon, Hamzah M Marhoon, Hamzah M. Mechnane, F. Meiyanto Eko Sulistyo Mekonnen, Atinkut Molla Miftahul Anwar Mila Diah Ika Putri Moch. Iskandar Riansyah Mohamad, Effendi Mohamed Akherraz Mohammad Javad Kiani Mohammed, Abdullah Fadhil Mossa, Mahmoud A. Moutchou, Mohamed Much. Fuad Saifuddin Muchammad Naseer Muhaimin Toh-arlim Muhammad Abdus Shomad Muhammad Ahmad Baballe Muhammad Amin Muhammad Arif Seto Muhammad Fuad Muhammad Heri Zulfiar Muhammad Iman Nur Hakim Muhammad Irfan Pure Muhammad Maaruf Muhammad Nizam Muhammed N. 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