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All Journal EJIP BIOL Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Jurnal Kreatif Tadulako Online Techno: Jurnal Penelitian Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry EduChemia: Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan, Industri, Kesehatan) Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) JIMR - Journal of Islamic Medicine Research Ideguru: Jurnal Karya Ilmiah Guru ABSYARA: Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin Public Health and Safety International Journal (PHASIJ) Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Equator Science Journal (ESJ) Mitra Sains Journal of Biology Science and Education
I Nengah Kundera
Program Studi Magister Pendidikan Sains Pascasarjana Universitas Tadulako
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Inventory of Medicinal Plants Used by the Community of Rano Village, Balaesang Tanjung District, and Their Potential as Biology Learning Media Nunink; I Nengah Kundera; I Made Budiarsa; Musdalifah Nurdin; Vita Indri Febriani; Masrianih
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v14i1.19643

Abstract

This study aims to inventory the plant species utilized by the local community as medicinal resources in Rano Village, Balaesang Tanjung Sub-district, and to examine their potential use as instructional learning media. The study employed a descriptive research design with a qualitative approach. Primary data were collected directly through interviews and field observations using a survey method with purposive sampling. Data collection techniques included direct observation, community interviews, and documentation of field findings. In the local context, a traditional healer (sando) plays a significant role as a key informant due to their extensive knowledge regarding the identification and use of medicinal plants. The results of the study revealed that the community utilizes 22 species of medicinal plants belonging to 14 plant families to treat various ailments, including rheumatism, asthma, hypertension, itching, scabies, cough, influenza, and several other health conditions. The plant parts used include leaves, stems, fruits, roots, bark, shoots, sap, and in some cases the entire plant. The preparation and utilization methods commonly practiced by the community include pounding, boiling, topical application, and direct consumption. Based on these findings, the documented information on medicinal plant utilization has strong potential to be developed as instructional media in the form of an educational e-book to support biology learning.
Students’ Perceptions of the Application of the Full Day School System in Senior High School Negeri 1 Dampal Utara Ahdal Ahdal; I Nengah Kundera; Muhammad Jamhari
Equator Science Journal Vol. 2 No. 3 (2024): Equator Science Journal (ESJ)
Publisher : CV. Dharma Samakta Edukhatulistiwa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61142/esj.v2i3.132

Abstract

This study aims to describe the perceptions of SMA Negeri 1 North Dampal students towards the implementation of the Full Day School system. This type of research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The population in this study were all SMA Negeri 1 North Dampal students totaling 365 students consisting of 131 grade X students, 120 grade XI students, and 114 grade XII students. The number of samples in this study were 38 people. The sampling technique used Random Sampling. This research was conducted in April 2024. Data collection in this study used observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation techniques. The results showed that the majority of students have a positive perception of the implementation of the Full Day School system. This is evidenced by the percentage of good categories which reached 50% of the questionnaire results table and was supported by the development of IMTAK which reached a percentage of 100% with a very good category, increasing the creativity of students' interests and talents which reached a percentage of 92% with a very good category, and students felt the benefits of implementing the Full Day School system reaching a percentage of 78% with a good category. So it can be concluded that the perceptions of SMA Negeri 1 North Dampal students towards the implementation of the Full Day School system are categorized as good perceptions with positive respondents' responses. 
Effectiveness of Aloe Vera Extract (Aloe vera L.) Against Colletotrichum capsici Fungi and Its Use as a Learning Media Tiara Elza; I Nengah Kundera; I Made Budiarsa
Equator Science Journal Vol. 2 No. 3 (2024): Equator Science Journal (ESJ)
Publisher : CV. Dharma Samakta Edukhatulistiwa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61142/esj.v2i3.148

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of aloe vera extract (Aloe vera L.) against Colletotrichum capsici fungus and determine the optimal concentration of aloe vera extract that effectively inhibits the growth  of Colletotrichum capsici fungus and is used as a learning medium. This study used a laboratory experiment method using a Complete Random Design (RAL) with 5 treatments and 4 replicates. The treatment consisted of a concentration of 0% as a negative control, a concentration of aloe vera extract of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The observed parameter is the diameter of the formed inhibition zone. The results of the study used Variant Analysis (ANOVA) and continued with the smallest real difference (BNT) test. The results showed that the administration of aloe vera extract (Aloe vera L.) could inhibit the growth of Colletotrichum capsici fungus at a maximum concentration of 100%. The higher the concentration of aloe vera extract, the higher its ability to inhibit the growth of Colletotrichum capsici fungus. The results of this study are feasible to be implemented in the form of  a digital flipbook as a learning medium with a feasibility of 83.2%.
Efectiveness of Shallot Root Extract Local Palu Against Candida albicans Fungus and its Utiliation as Learning Media Mirfadz Maharani; I Nengah Kundera; I Made Budiarsa
Equator Science Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Equator Science Journal (ESJ)
Publisher : CV. Dharma Samakta Edukhatulistiwa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61142/esj.v3i1.149

Abstract

The potential of Palu local shallot roots as an antifungal agent has not been optimally utilized. The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of Palu local shallot root extract against the fungus Candida albicans, identify the optimal concentration for inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans, and to use the findings as an educational medium. This research employed a laboratory experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications at concentrations of 0% as a negative control, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The Candida albicans fungus was obtained from Paramartha Lab Mojokerto with strain code ATCC-14053. The parameter observed was the diameter of the inhibition zone formed. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by a Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The results of this study showed that the extract of Palu local shallot roots effectively inhibited the growth of Candida albicans* at a concentration of 100%. This research is feasible to be used as an educational medium in the form of a digital flipbook with an eligibility percentage of 87.08%.
Effects of Red Coconut Tembuluk (Cocos nucifera var. rubescens) Extract on Creatinine Level Reduction in Mice (Mus musculus) Amelia A Riuh; Sutrisnawati Sutrisnawati; Manap Trianto; Masrianih Masrianih; Fatmah Dhafir; I Nengah Kundera
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.699-704

Abstract

Creatinine is a key biochemical indicator of renal function, and elevated creatinine levels reflect impaired kidney performance. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a known nephrotoxic agent that induces oxidative stress and renal damage. This study evaluate the effect of red coconut tembuluk (Cocos nucifera var. rubescens) extract on creatinine in CCl4-induced mice (Mus musculus). The study employed an experimental laboratory design using 24 male mice, which were divided into six groups: normal control, negative control (CCl4-induced), and four treatment groups administered red coconut tembuluk extract at concentrations of 10%, 20%, 40%, and 80%. Renal damage was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 at a dose of 1 mL/kg body weight. The extract was administered orally for eight consecutive days following induction. Serum creatinine levels were measured before and after treatment. The results showed that CCl4 induction significantly increased creatinine levels in the negative control group compared to the normal control, indicating impaired renal function. Administration of red coconut tembuluk extract resulted in a significant reduction in creatinine levels across all treatment groups, with the most pronounced effect observed at the 80% concentration. Statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA demonstrated a significant effect of the extract on creatinine reduction (p < 0.05), followed by a Least Significant Difference (LSD) test confirming differences among treatment groups. The nephroprotective effect of the extract is likely associated with its bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, antioxidants, and L-arginine, which contribute to the reduction of oxidative stress and support renal tissue recovery. In conclusion, red coconut tembuluk extract effectively reduces serum creatinine levels in CCl4-induced mice, with the 80% concentration showing the greatest protective effect. These findings suggest that red coconut tembuluk has potential as a natural nephroprotective agent.
Genetic Variation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Philippine Scrubfowl (Megapodius cumingii) Based on Mitochondrial NADH Dehydrogenase Subunit 2 (ND2) Gene Jihan Winarti; I Made Budiarsa; Manap Trianto; I Nengah Kundera; Mursito S. Bialangi; Abdul Ashari
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.433-442

Abstract

Central Sulawesi is one of the provinces in Indonesia with high avian diversity, including the Philippine scrubfowl (Megapodius cumingii). This species belongs to the family Megapodiidae and is distributed in the Philippines, parts of eastern Borneo, and several small islands in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships of Megapodius cumingii from Poat Island based on sequences of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) gene. Genomic DNA extracted from blood samples of the Philippine scrubfowl was isolated using the gSYNC™ DNA Extraction Kit (Geneaid), amplified using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method with primers L5145 (forward) and H6394 (reverse), and visualized by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. The PCR products were purified using the QIAquick PCR Purification Kit. Sequence data were analyzed using BLAST for species confirmation, DnaSP v6.12.03 for genetic variation analysis, and MEGA 11 for phylogenetic tree reconstruction using the Maximum Likelihood and Neighbor-Joining methods. The results showed that the 1.072 base pair ND2 gene sequences generated three haplotypes, with a haplotype diversity value of 0.667 and a nucleotide diversity of 0.00249. The nucleotide base composition of the ND2 gene was dominated by A+T (52.03%) compared to G+C (47.95%). Phylogenetic tree reconstruction using both methods produced consistent topologies, in which all Megapodius cumingii samples from Poat Island formed a monophyletic clade with high bootstrap support, indicating strong and stable genetic relationships.
Identification of Salmonella spp. Contamination in Gado-Gado Sold Around the Tadulako University Campus Pebi Angreni; I Nengah Kundera; Yulia Windarsih; Mohammad Jamhari; Vita Indri Febriani; Abdul Ashari
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.787-793

Abstract

Salmonella spp. are Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals and are recognized as one of the major causes of foodborne diseases. This study aimed to identify the presence of Salmonella spp. in gado-gado sold in the canteens of Tadulako University. This research employed a descriptive exploratory laboratory design. Samples were collected from five different canteens using a random sampling technique. Microbiological analyses were conducted through presumptive and confirmatory tests using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method, Total Plate Count (TPC), Gram staining, cultivation on selective Salmonella–Shigella Agar (SSA), and biochemical testing using Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA). The MPN results showed an average value of 4,900 MPN/mL of sample, while the TPC reached 35,800/ml sample. These values indicate that the food product does not meet the microbiological safety standards established by the Indonesian Ministry of Health, as the TPC exceeds the maximum permissible limit of 104 CFU/mL.
Identification of Escherichia coli in Ice Dawet Sold in the Palu City Area Yosphita Sevianti; I Nengah Kundera; Musdalifah Nurdin; Yulia Windarsih; Abdul Ashari; Mohammad Jamhari
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.795-801

Abstract

Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative bacterium from the family Enterobacteriaceae found in the human body and is used as an indicator of hygiene in water, food, or beverages. The purpose of this study was to identify the presence of E. coli in ice dawet sold in the Palu City area. This study used a descriptive-exploratory design with the Most Probable Number (MPN) method, Total Plate Count (TPC), and biochemical testing using Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA) medium. Samples were collected from five locations in the Palu City area using simple random sampling. Based on the results, the Most Probable Number (MPN) test produced an average value of 18.700 MPN/mL of sample, while the Total Plate Count (TPC) test showed an average value of 26.800 CFU/mL of sample, indicating that the samples did not meet the standards set by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) under the Ministry of Health, which states that the maximum allowable microbial contamination in beverages is 0/100 mL. Confirmatory tests on Eosin Methylene Blue Agar showed colony growth with a metallic green sheen and reddish coloration, characteristic of Gram-negative bacilli. The results of the Triple Sugar Iron Agar biochemical test were positive, indicating biochemical characteristics consistent with E. coli. Therefore, the findings confirm the presence of E. coli in the analyzed samples.
Effects of Red Coconut Tembuluk (Cocos nucifera var. rubescens) Extract on Uric Acid Level Reduction in Mice (Mus musculus) Sukmawati Sukmawati; Sutrisnawati Sutrisnawati; Manap Trianto; Masrianih Masrianih; Fatmah Dhafir; I Nengah Kundera
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.693-698

Abstract

Increased levels of uric acid in the blood can lead to metabolic disorders such as gouty arthritis, which require effective management. This study aimed to determine the effect of red coconut tembuluk extract (Cocos nucifera var. rubescens) on reducing uric acid levels in mice (Mus musculus). The study employed an experimental research design using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). A total of 28 mice were used, divided into seven groups with four replications each. The groups consisted of a normal control group (KN), which received food and water ad libitum; a negative control group (K+); a positive control group (K-); and four treatment groups (PI, PII, PIII, and PIV). The negative control group (K+), positive control group (K-), and all treatment groups were induced with lard oil for 14 days to increase uric acid levels. The positive control group (K?) was treated with allopurinol at a dose of 0.026 mg per 20 g body weight. The normal control (KN) and negative control (K+) groups received food and water ad libitum without extract administration. Treatment group PI received 10% red coconut tembuluk extract, PII received 20%, PIII received 40%, and PIV received 80%. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that administration of red coconut tembuluk extract significantly reduced uric acid levels in mice induced with lard oil. The most effective concentration in reducing uric acid levels was 80% (PIV), with an average uric acid level of 5.4 mg/dL.
Identification of Escherichia coli in Gado-Gado Sold Around Tadulako University Nur Amal; I Nengah Kundera; Syech Zainal; Yulia Windarsih; Rafiqa Rafiqa; Abdul Ashari
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.779-786

Abstract

Escherichia coli is a pathogenic bacterium that has the potential to contaminate food. Certain strains of E. coli exhibit pathogenic properties and may cause infections in hosts. The presence of pathogenic bacteria in food is a critical concern in food safety. This study aimed to identify the presence of E. coli in gado-gado sold in the canteens of Tadulako University. This research employed a descriptive exploratory laboratory approach. Samples were collected from five different canteens using random sampling techniques. Microbiological analyses were conducted using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method, Total Plate Count (TPC), Gram staining, cultivation on selective Eosin Methylene Blue Agar, and biochemical testing using Triple Sugar Iron Agar. The results showed that the average Most Probable Number was 4,900 MPN /mL of sample, while the Total Plate Count averaged 35,800 CFU/mL. This TPC value exceeds the standard set by the Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM) of 104 CFU/g, indicating that the food products do not meet the required health standards. Confirmatory tests on Eosin Methylene Blue Agar showed colony growth with a metallic green sheen and reddish coloration, characteristic of Gram-negative bacilli. Biochemical testing on Triple Sugar Iron Agar yielded positive results consistent with the biochemical characteristics of E. coli. Therefore, the findings confirm the presence of E. coli in the analyzed samples.
Co-Authors A, Aulanniam Abd Hakim Laenggeng Abd Hakim Laenggeng, Abd Hakim Abd Rauf Abd. Hakim Laenggeng, Abd. Hakim Abd. Rauf Abdul Ashari Abdul Muluk Abdurahman Rifai Abdurahman, Faisal Achmad Ramadhan Achmad Ramadhan Achmad Ramadhan Ahdal Ahdal Ahmad Ramadhan Akram, Akram Almira Rayyah Shadriah Fahru Almira Rayyah Shadriah Fahru Amalia Buntu Amelia A Riuh Amiruddin Kasim Amram Rede, Amram Anak Agung Gede Sugianthara Andi Tanra Tellu Ashari, Abd. Ashari, Abdul Asifah, Nur Astija Aulanni'am, Aulanni'am Ayu - Lestari, Ayu - Banne, Fenia Rensa Betty Sunaryanti Bialangi, Mursito S. Biung, Yelsan Kanan Brilyan Anindya Dayfi Burhanuddin, Alga Patricia Bustamin Bustamin Bustamin Dewi Purwasi Samaela Dewi Tureni Eka Gusti Randani Evasari Herman Sapu Fajri Marisa Fatmah Dhafir Gamar B. N. Shamdas Gamar Binti Non Shamdas Hadijah S. Pago Hamsah, Muhammad Hayyatun Mawaddah Hj. Musdalifah Nurdin I Made Budiarsa I Made Budiarsa Isnainar Isnainar Jihan Winarti Kusumaningati, Lilis Tri Laksono Trisnantoro Landewang, Laora Cecilia Lestari M.P Alibasyah Lilies Lilies Lilies Lilies M.Tangge Lilies N Tangge Manap Trianto Marisa, Fajri Masriani . Masrianih Masrianih Masrianih Mauruh, Renindya Marchelly Mery Napitupulu Minarni Mirfadz Maharani Mohammad Jamhari Mohammad Jamhari Muhamad Erwin Muhammad Jamhari Muhammad Rivai Mursito S. Bialangi Mursito S. Bialangi Mursito S. Bialangi Mursito S. Bialangi Musdalifah Nurdin Mustikawati, Ni Luh Ayu Nabila, Putri Najma AR. Talamoa Ni Gusti Ayu Galuh Candra Kirana Novi, Winda Cinthia NOVITASARI Novriadi Novriadi Nunink Nur Amal Nur, Atipa Nurasyah Dewi Napitupulu Nurchamidah Nurhalimah, Rizki Pebi Angreni Pramasanti, Desak Ketut Rafiqa Rafiqa Ramadhan, Suchin Randani, Eka Gusti Ratman Raya Agni Renindya Marchelly Mauruh Rizka Fardha Rizki Nurhalimah Rizkiayanti, Rizkiayanti Rodiah, Rodiah Rodiah rofiqoh rofiqoh Samsurizal, M. Sulaeman Sanarto Santoso Saridewi, Uut Sarjan N. Husain Selviana Selviana Siti Fathonah Septianingsih Siti Helmyati Sri Winarsih Suchin Ramadhan Sukmawati Sukmawati Sukmawati Sukmawati Sulistyani Prabu Aji Sutrisnawati Mardin Sutrisnawati Sutrisnawati Syech Zainal Tandi, Jenifa Arisa Tanryale, Masni Halimin Tiara Elza Vita Indri Febriani Wa Ode Sitti Mardhiyah Windarsih, Yulia WULANDARI Yosphita Sevianti Yusdin Gagaramusu Yusril Ihza Mahendra Yusril Ihza Mahendra Zasmita, Eka Zulaikhah Dwi Jayanti