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Enhancing Anticancer Potential: Investigating the Synergistic Impact of Doxorubicin and Curcumin on HeLa and Vero Cells in Vitro Aristiani, Windy; Desvita, Widea Rossi; Khayatulisma, Dika; Edityaningrum, Citra Ariani; Guntarti, Any; Nurani, Laela Hayu
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 12, No 1 (2024): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.10887

(1) Background: Cervical cancer ranks as the fourth most prevalent cancer globally and in Asia, standing as the second most common in Indonesia. Despite its efficacy, doxorubicin chemotherapy is associated with significant side effects. To mitigate these adverse effects, a promising approach involves combining conventional drugs with curcumin. Both curcumin and doxorubicin have demonstrated cytotoxic effects against cervical cancer (HeLa). This research aims to determine the synergistic effect of the combination of doxorubicin and curcumin on HeLa and safety in normal cells (Vero cells). (2) Methods: This study adopted an experimental design utilizing doxorubicin and curcumin samples with HeLa and Vero cells. The investigation was initiated with cytotoxic and combination tests using the MTT method. The obtained results included IC50 values and combination indices, and the analysis involved a comparative examination of outcomes between HeLa and Vero cells. (3) Results: Cytotoxic tests revealed IC50 values for doxorubicin and curcumin on HeLa cells, measured in 2,17 ± 0,06 and 26,37 ± 2,00 µg/mL, and 17,32 ± 1,99 and 181,88 ± 30,48 µg/mL on Vero cells. Combination test results were represented by combination index .(4) Conclusions: The synergistic effect is observed at the combination of curcumin at a concentration of 9 μg/mL and doxorubicin at a concentration of 0,125 μg/mL, resulting in a combination index of 0,50. These findings suggest a promising avenue for enhancing the therapeutic potential of doxorubicin in cervical cancer treatment while minimizing adverse effects.

Quantitative Determination of Flavanone Content in Teki Grass Tuber (Cyperus rotundus L) using Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry Fitriyati, Laeli; Nurani, Laela Hayu; Utami, Dwi; Widyaningsih, Wahyu
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 13, No 3 (2025): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.21526

Teki grass (Cyperus rotundus L.) tubers are medicinal plants that have been widely utilized for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer properties. These pharmacological activities are attributed to the presence of polyphenolic compounds, particularly flavanones. This study aims to determine the flavanone content in teki grass tubers using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The research was conducted as a laboratory-based experimental study, involving several steps: sample preparation, simplisia processing, extraction, and quantitative analysis of flavanone content by comparison with a flavanone standard. The UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis revealed the presence of flavanones in the extract of teki grass tubers. Quantitative results showed that the flavanone concentration in the extract was 128.29 µg/mL. These findings confirm that teki grass tubers are a potential natural source of flavanones, supporting their traditional herbal medicine use.

Cytotoxicity of Zingiber officinale var. rubrum on HeLa cells and prediction of anti-proliferative activity via the jak2/stat3 and hedgehog pathways using a molecular docking approach Rofida, Siti; Nurani, Laela Hayu; Utami, Dwi; Edityaningrum, Citra Ariani
Pharmaciana Vol. 13 No. 3 (2023): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v13i3.27482

Cervical cancer is one of the second-leading causes of death in women. The discovery of cancer drug candidates continues to be carried out due to the resistance that occurs in cervical cancer therapy. Plant metabolite compounds are one of the sources used to explore new drug candidates. Red ginger rhizome is a candidate plant that has anti-cervical cancer activity. This study aims to determine the cytotoxicity of an ethanol extract of red ginger rhizomes on the growth of HeLa cancer cells and predict anti-proliferative activity via the jak2/stat3 and hedgehog pathways. The sample (red ginger rhizome simplicia) was extracted by remaceration using 75% ethanol. The MTT assay method is used to test the cytotoxicity and anti-proliferation of metabolite compounds using Autodock 4.2 software. The receptors used in the jak2, stat3, and smo pathways were obtained from the Protein Data Bank with the codes 6VGL, 6NUQ, and 5L7I, respectively. The ethanol extract produced is a thick yellowish brown extract with an aromatic smell and spicy taste, with an extract yield of 18.63% w/w. 75% ethanol extract of red ginger rhizomes has cytotoxic activity in HeLa cancer with an IC50 of 104.22 ± 6.18 µg/mL and an IC50 of cisplatin of 38.61 ± 3.66. Prediction of antiproliferative activity via the jak2 pathway shows a binding energy and Ki value of -7.47 kcal/mol, -7.48 kcal/mol, and 3.33 uM, 3.27 uM, as shown by alpha-cedrol and beta-eudesmol compounds. The highest inhibition on the stat3 and smo pathways was shown by the beta compound eudesmol, with binding energy and Ki values of -6.05 kcal/mol, -7.57 kcal/mol, and 36.48 uM, respectively; 2.81 uM.

Quantitative Determination of Flavanone Content in Teki Grass Tuber (Cyperus rotundus L) using Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry Fitriyati, Laeli; Nurani, Laela Hayu; Utami, Dwi; Widyaningsih, Wahyu
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 13, No 3 (2025): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.21526

Teki grass (Cyperus rotundus L.) tubers are medicinal plants that have been widely utilized for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer properties. These pharmacological activities are attributed to the presence of polyphenolic compounds, particularly flavanones. This study aims to determine the flavanone content in teki grass tubers using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The research was conducted as a laboratory-based experimental study, involving several steps: sample preparation, simplisia processing, extraction, and quantitative analysis of flavanone content by comparison with a flavanone standard. The UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis revealed the presence of flavanones in the extract of teki grass tubers. Quantitative results showed that the flavanone concentration in the extract was 128.29 µg/mL. These findings confirm that teki grass tubers are a potential natural source of flavanones, supporting their traditional herbal medicine use.

Hepatoprotective effect of chewable tablet of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb extractin Wistar rats induced by high fat diets Akrom; Feri Anggita Hastanto; Nurani, Laela hayu
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.1128

Gotukola or Centella asiatica (L.) Urban contains high flavonoids which well known as fatty liver protector. This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of chewable tablet of C. asiatica (L.) Urb extract (CTCE) in Wistar rats induced by high fat diets. Twenty-one Wistar male rats aged 8-12 weeks with body weight ranging from 100-150 g were used in this study. Rats were randomly divided into seven groups i.e. Group 1 as normal control, rats were given standard food, Group 2 as high fat diets control, rats were induced high fat diets (HFD),Group 3 as positive control, rats were induced HFD and given simvastatin, Group 4 as placebo control, rats were induced HFD and given placebo, Group 5-7 as treatment group, rats were induced HFD and given CTCE at doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg BW, respectively. The HFD induction was conducted for five weeks andthe CTCE was given for one week in the last week of the induction. At the end of the intervention, blood triglyceride levels and SGPT as well SGOT activities were examined. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with confidence interval of 95% (p<0.05) was applied. The results showed that the HFD induction increased the serum triglyceride levels and SGPT activity. The serum triglyceride levels and SGPT activity of Group 2 were significantly higher than Group 1 (p<0.05). Furthermore, the simvastatin and CTCE administration reduced the serum triglyceride levels and SGPT activity. The serum triglyceride levels and SGPT activity of Group 3, 5, 6and 7 were significantly lower than Group 2 and 4 (p<0.05). In addition, the serum triglyceride levels and SGPT activity of Group 5, 6 and 7 were significantly lower than Group 3 (p<0.05). In conclusion, CTCE can reduce the serum triglyceride levels and SGPT activity in Wistar rats induced by HFD.

Cytotoxicity of quercetin and curcumin combination against HeLa cells line Agitohutomo, Muhammad; Edityaningrum, Citra Ariani; Utari, Dina; Desvita, Widea Rossi; Aristiani, Windi; Nurani, Laela Hayu
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 5 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.11488

Curcumin and quercetin combination are potential candidates for anticancer. Previous studies reported this combination active against several cancer cells including breast cancer, myeloid leukemia, and melanoma. However, the activity of this combination against cervical cancer has not been reported, yet. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the combination of curcumin and quercetin against HeLa and Vero cells. MTT assay was applied to evaluate cell growth inhibition. The inhibitory 50% concentration (IC50) of curcumin and quercetin on HeLa and Vero cells was determined and the selectivity index (SI) was then calculated. Combination index (CI) was calculated after evaluation of the cytotoxicity of the curcumin and quercetin combination at various concentration of 1 IC50, ½ IC50, and ¼ IC50. The IC50 of the curcumin against the HeLa and Vero cells were 26.57 ± 2.00 μM and 73.89 ± 12.93 μM with a SI of 2.78. Whereas the IC50 of the quercetin against the HeLa and Vero cells were 149.52 ± 21.09 μM and 1094.47 ± 15.68 μM with a SI of 7.32. The CI of combinations of curcumin and quercetin at concentrations of ¼ IC50 was 0.78 indicating a mild-moderate synergistic effect, whereas the combination at a concentration of 1 IC50 or ½ IC50, the CI value was >0.9 indicating an antagonistic effect.

Development of Self-Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEEDS) Containing Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract, an Anticancer Against T47D Cells, as a co-chemotherapy of cisplatin Efiana, Nuri Ari; Nurani, Laela Hayu; Wahyuningtyas, Nurma; Edityaningrum, Citra Ariani; Indratmoko, Septiana; Guntarti, Any; Ma’ruf, Muhammad
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Article In Press 2026
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.21378

Background: The first-line chemotherapy drug for breast cancer is cisplatin. However, it shows a high incidence of resistance. Therefore, Hibiscus Sabdariffa L (HS), containing strong anticancer compounds, was developed using a self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS), potentially as cisplatin co-chemotherapy. This study aimed to develop the HS SNEDDS providing anticancer activity against T47D breast cancer cells. Methods: Development of HS SNEDDS (F1-F7) with various surfactant and co-surfactant concentrations was carried out, followed by characterization of HS SNEDDS. The selected formulation was performed regarding the cytotoxicity on T47D cells and selectivity on Vero cells. Results: F7 as a selected formulation indicated a transmittance, globule size, PI, zeta potential, and emulsification time of 97.80%, 15.68 ± 0.19 nm, 0.12 ± 0.01, -8.05 ± 1.88 mV, and 24.76 ± 0.29 seconds, respectively. Furthermore, the IC50 of HS extract, HS SNEDDS, and Cisplatin on T47D cells were 0.37 ± 0.02, 0.24 ± 0.02, and 0.01 ± 0.001 mg/mL The selectivity index (SI) of HS SNEDDS and cisplatin were 108101.25 and 8351.84, respectively. Conclusion: HS SNEDDS providing the required characteristics could be obtained, and potentially be used as a co-chemotherapy of cisplatin, showing the cytotoxic effect on T47D breast cancer cells.

Development of Self-Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEEDS) Containing Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract, an Anticancer Against T47D Cells, as a co-chemotherapy of cisplatin Efiana, Nuri Ari; Nurani, Laela Hayu; Wahyuningtyas, Nurma; Edityaningrum, Citra Ariani; Indratmoko, Septiana; Guntarti, Any; Ma’ruf, Muhammad
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Article In Press 2026
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.21378

Background: The first-line chemotherapy drug for breast cancer is cisplatin. However, it shows a high incidence of resistance. Therefore, Hibiscus Sabdariffa L (HS), containing strong anticancer compounds, was developed using a self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS), potentially as cisplatin co-chemotherapy. This study aimed to develop the HS SNEDDS providing anticancer activity against T47D breast cancer cells. Methods: Development of HS SNEDDS (F1-F7) with various surfactant and co-surfactant concentrations was carried out, followed by characterization of HS SNEDDS. The selected formulation was performed regarding the cytotoxicity on T47D cells and selectivity on Vero cells. Results: F7 as a selected formulation indicated a transmittance, globule size, PI, zeta potential, and emulsification time of 97.80%, 15.68 ± 0.19 nm, 0.12 ± 0.01, -8.05 ± 1.88 mV, and 24.76 ± 0.29 seconds, respectively. Furthermore, the IC50 of HS extract, HS SNEDDS, and Cisplatin on T47D cells were 0.37 ± 0.02, 0.24 ± 0.02, and 0.01 ± 0.001 mg/mL The selectivity index (SI) of HS SNEDDS and cisplatin were 108101.25 and 8351.84, respectively. Conclusion: HS SNEDDS providing the required characteristics could be obtained, and potentially be used as a co-chemotherapy of cisplatin, showing the cytotoxic effect on T47D breast cancer cells.

Development of Self-Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEEDS) Containing Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Extract, an Anticancer against T47D Cells, as a Co-Chemotherapy of Cisplatin Nurani, Laela Hayu; Efiana, Nuri Ari; Wahyuningtyas, Nurma; Edityaningrum, Citra Ariani; Indratmoko, Septiana; Guntarti, Any; Ma’ruf, Muhammad
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 14, No 1 (2026): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.21378

The first-line chemotherapy drug for breast cancer is cisplatin. However, it shows a high incidence of resistance. Therefore, Hibiscus Sabdariffa L (HS), containing strong anticancer compounds, was developed using a self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS), potentially as cisplatin co-chemotherapy. This study aimed to develop the HS SNEDDS providing anticancer activity against T47D breast cancer cells. The methods consist of the development of HS SNEDDS (F1-F7) with various surfactant and co-surfactant concentrations, followed by characterization of HS SNEDDS. The selected formulation was evaluated regarding the cytotoxicity on T47D cells and selectivity on Vero cells. The results showed that F7, as a selected formulation, indicated a transmittance, globule size, PI, zeta potential, and emulsification time of 97.80%, 15.68 ± 0.19 nm, 0.12 ± 0.01, -8.05 ± 1.88 mV, and 24.76 ± 0.29 seconds, respectively. Furthermore, according to the data of toxicity and selectivity studies, HS SNEDDS was proven to enhance the toxic properties of HS extract on T47D cells and be safe on normal cells. In conclusion, HS SNEDDS providing the required characteristics could be obtained, and potentially be used as a co-chemotherapy of cisplatin, showing the cytotoxic effect on T47D breast cancer cells.

Development of Self-Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEEDS) Containing Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Extract, an Anticancer against T47D Cells, as a Co-Chemotherapy of Cisplatin Nurani, Laela Hayu; Efiana, Nuri Ari; Wahyuningtyas, Nurma; Edityaningrum, Citra Ariani; Indratmoko, Septiana; Guntarti, Any; Ma’ruf, Muhammad
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 14, No 1 (2026): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.21378

The first-line chemotherapy drug for breast cancer is cisplatin. However, it shows a high incidence of resistance. Therefore, Hibiscus Sabdariffa L (HS), containing strong anticancer compounds, was developed using a self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS), potentially as cisplatin co-chemotherapy. This study aimed to develop the HS SNEDDS providing anticancer activity against T47D breast cancer cells. The methods consist of the development of HS SNEDDS (F1-F7) with various surfactant and co-surfactant concentrations, followed by characterization of HS SNEDDS. The selected formulation was evaluated regarding the cytotoxicity on T47D cells and selectivity on Vero cells. The results showed that F7, as a selected formulation, indicated a transmittance, globule size, PI, zeta potential, and emulsification time of 97.80%, 15.68 ± 0.19 nm, 0.12 ± 0.01, -8.05 ± 1.88 mV, and 24.76 ± 0.29 seconds, respectively. Furthermore, according to the data of toxicity and selectivity studies, HS SNEDDS was proven to enhance the toxic properties of HS extract on T47D cells and be safe on normal cells. In conclusion, HS SNEDDS providing the required characteristics could be obtained, and potentially be used as a co-chemotherapy of cisplatin, showing the cytotoxic effect on T47D breast cancer cells.

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