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Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Tubuh Buah Coprinus comatus Menggunakan Pelarut dan Konsentrasi yang Berbeda terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus Ellen Evita; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas; Dini Ryandini
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (498.95 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1989

Abstract

Coprinus comatus merupakan salah satu jamur yang dapat menghasilkan senyawa bioaktif. Ekstrak dari jamur ini sering digunakan pada bidang medis, seperti anti-kanker, anti-diabetes, dan penyakit kardiovaskular, namun masih belum ada informasi sebagai anti-bakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui jenis pelarut yang menghasilkan rendemen tertinggi dan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri lebih tinggi terhadap E. coli dan S. aureus, mengetahui pengaruh umur simplisia terhadap aktivitas anti-bakteri, mengetahui konsentrasi terendah ekstrak tubuh buah C. comatus yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus, mengetahui aktivitas penghambatan ekstrak etil asetat dan ekstrak etanol terhadap E. coli dan S. aureus. Penelitian ini diawali dengan proses ekstraksi senyawa antibakteri dari C. comatus menggunakan metode maserasi. Pelarut yang digunakan dalam proses ekstraksi yaitu pelarut etanol dan etil asetat. Pengujian aktivitas anti-bakteri ekstrak C. comatus dilakukan terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Uji aktivitas anti-bakteri menggunakan simplisia berumur 7 bulan yang telah disimpan di lemari pendingin dan dibandingkan dengan ekstrak dari simplisia berumur 4 minggu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental menggunakan rancangan penelitian Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan penggunaan pelarut dan konsentrasi ekstrak yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol memiliki rendemen lebih tinggi dari ekstrak etil asetat, namun aktivitas penghambatan ekstrak etil asetat lebih baik terhadap kedua bakteri dibandingkan ekstrak etanol. Simplisia berumur 4 minggu menunjukkan aktivitas penghambatan yang lebih baik dibandingkan simplisia berumur 7 bulan. Konsentrasi terendah yang dapat menghambat E. coli dan S. aureus adalah konsentrasi 6,75% dari kedua ekstrak. Secara umum lebih baik terhadap S. aureus lebih peka terhadap kedua ekstrak dibandingkan E. coli.
POTENSI EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT Coprinus comatus TERHADAP KADAR UREUM DAN KREATININ PADA TIKUS PUTIH MODEL DIABETES Anik Laeli Perdanawati; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas; Hernayanti Hernayanti
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 3 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2021.3.3.4239

Abstract

Coprinus comatus or chicken drumstick mushrooms has potential as antioxidant and antidiabetic. Hyperglycemia in people with diabetes mellitus causes an increase in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Pancreatic β cells have less antioxidants than other organs. This causes oxidative stress which triggers a chain reaction of lipid peroxidation which damages the kidneys and disturbs the glomerular filtration rate. Impaired glomerular filtration rate is characterized by increased levels of urea and creatinine. Flavonoids in C. comatus are able to donate H + and stop lipid peroxidation reactions in the kidneys, so that urea and creatinine levels decrease.This study aims to determine the effect of C. comatus ethyl acetate extract on blood urea and creatinine levels in diabetic rats and to determine the effective dose of C. comatus ethyl acetate extract on blood urea and creatinine levels in diabetic rats. This study used an experimental method based on a completely randomized design (CRD). The data obtained from the measurement of urea and creatinine levels were analyzed using the one way Anova statistical test at the 95% confidence level and followed by Duncan's test at an error rate of 5%. The results of this study indicated that the ethyl acetate extract of C. comatus affected the blood urea and creatinine levels of diabetic rats. C. comatus extract at a dose of 500 mg/kgBW is an effective dose that has an effect on reducing levels of blood urea and creatinine in the amount of 16,66 ± 0,00 mg/dL dan 0,40 ± 0,12 mg/dL.
Pengaruh Jenis dan Konsentrasi Bahan Tambahan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Miselium Jamur Paha Ayam (Coprinuscomatus) Wahyu Dwi Saputra; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas; Aris Mumpuni
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (624.019 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.3091

Abstract

Abstrak Coprinus comatus merupakan salah satu jamur pangan yang potensial untuk dibudidayakan secara komersial. Jamur C. comatus termasuk ke dalam jamur edible dan medicinal. Tubuh buah C. comatus mengandung antioksidan dan beberapa asam amino esensial. Jamur C. comatus tumbuh optimal pada medium yang mengandung suplemen. penambahan suplemen pada medium tanam jamur bertujuan untuk memberikan nutrisi yang dibutuhkan jamur. Suplemen ditambahkan dengan jumlah tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kombinasi jenis suplemen dan konsentrasi suplemen yang optimal untuk pertumbuhan jamur C. comatus. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola Faktorial dengan dua faktor uji yaitu jenis dan konsentrasi suplemen. Suplemen yangdigunakan yaitu dedak padi (bekatul), dedak jagung (ampok), dedak gandum (polar), dan tepung gandum. Konsentrasi suplemen yang digunakan yaitu 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini yaitu penambahan suplemen dengan Konsentrasi berbeda berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan miselium jamur C. comatus. Suplemen yangbaik untuk menumbuhkan jamur C. comatus adalah ampok jagung dan dedak padi. Konsentrasi yang optimal untuk pertumbuhan miselium jamur C. comatus adalah dedak jagung dengan konsentrasi 5% dan dedak padidengan konsentrasi 15%. KataKunci : Coprinus comatus, kecepatan pertumbuhan miselium, penambahan suplemen
POTENSI EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT Coprinus comatus TERHADAP KADAR SGOT DAN SGPT PADA TIKUS PUTIH MODEL DIABETES Feryawan Feryawan; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas; Nuraeni Ekowati
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 2 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2021.3.2.4238

Abstract

Coprinus comatus or shaggy in cap mushroom contain bioactive compounds including flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, tocopherols, comatin, and ergotionin which function as antioxidants and antidiabetic. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease associated with impaired insulin secretion or decreased insulin sensitivity which causes blood glucose levels to rise above normal (hyperglycemia). Hyperglycemia conditions can causes oxidative stress and increase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), to trigger lipid peroxidation which damages the pancreas, kidneys and liver. One way to determine liver damage is by measuring the increase in liver enzyme levels of Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT) and Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT) in the bloods. The aims in this study is determine the effect of administration and determine the effective doses of ethyl acetate C. comatus extract with different doses on the levels of SGOT and SGPT in the bloods of diabetic rats. The results showed that C. comatus ethyl acetate extract could reduce SGOT and SGPT levels as well as streptozotocin-induced rat bloods glucose levels. Ethyl acetate C. comatus extract with doses 500 mg / kg BW is the most effective doses in reducing SGOT and SGPT levels in the bloods of streptozotocin-induced rats with a mean SGOT level of 57,96 ± 1,58 U/L and SGPT levels of 29,67 ± 3,56 U/L, and the percentage reduction in SGOT and SGPT levels compared to negative controls respectively was 43,15% and 68,70%, and blood glucose was 19,62%.
BIOPULPING BAGASSE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN JENIS JAMUR PELAPUK PUTIH DAN WAKTU INKUBASI YANG BERBEDA angelin marhavyna cristy; Aris Mumpuni; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.1878

Abstract

Bagasse is fibrous residue that remains after the sugarcane is crushed to extract it’s juice. It mostly consists of lignocellulosic materials that may provide material for paper production through biopulping process. White rot fungi (WRF) is producers of extracellular ligninolytic enzymes that has the capability to mineralize lignin compounds. Three types of white rot fungi that were used in this study are Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus and Schizophyllum commune. Each of it was inoculated on bagasse substrate within 0, 15, and 30 days of incubation. This study was aimed to know the effect of interaction between white rot fungi and incubation time in the biopulping process and to investigate the most appropriate fungus and incubation time to produce good material for paper making obtained from sugarcane bagasse. The experimental design was done by using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a factorial pattern in two factors and analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANNOVA) then followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) on highly different significance effect of the treatment. The result of this study showed that S. commune is the most effective fungi to degrade highly lignin content (17.38% to 8.88%) at 30 days of incubation, while P. chrysosporium is the most effective fungi to lowering cellulose content in small amount (23.64% to 19.38%) during 30 days of incubation.
KAJIAN TOKSISITAS DARI TUBUH BUAH Ganoderma lucidum DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BST) Ross Nurul Rohmah; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas; Ari Asnani
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (252.484 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2014.1.1.22

Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum is polyporus fungi from Basidiomycetes which can be used as traditional medicines. Toxicity test with Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BST) method using Artemia salina was conducted to find out toxic effect of G.lucidum. An extract would have toxic effect if the LC50 < 1000 µg/ml. The aims of this experiment were to know about the toxicity level from G.lucidum with Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BST) method and determined the concentration of fruiting body extract of G.lucidum which had the best toxicity effect in LC50. There were two extraction methods used in this experiment, first one stage extraction and then multilevel extraction with hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. Each solvent was made in 1000 ppm, 500 ppm, 250 ppm, and 125 ppm. This process was repeated for three times. This experiment used G.lucidum extract which was tested to A.salina and secunder compound metabolit test from the most toxic G. lucidum was done with phytochemical analysis. The result indicated that fruiting body extract from G.lucidum could kill A.salina because all extract was positively contained alkaloid and terpenoid but negatively contained flavonoid. Fruiting body extract from G.lucidum which had lowest LC50 wass ethyl asetat extract with one stage extraction in concentration 53,70 ppm and highest LC50 was ethanol extract with multilevel extraction in concentration 501,18 ppm.
COMPATIBILITY OF INSECTICIDES WITH ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI Beauveria bassiana AND Metarhizium anisopliae Azhar Faturohman Abidin; Nuraeni Ekowati; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (753.761 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2017.4.4.695

Abstract

Insecticide use has produced negative impact by affecting the non-target predatory organisms in nature, one of which is the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. Interactions occur, however, between insecticides and the entomopathogens. The combination of insecticides at a low dose and an entomopathogenic fungus can work synergistically to increase pest insect mortality. This combination is particularly advantageous because it decreases the insecticide dose applied, reduces environmental contamination, and decreases pest resistance. The study purpose was to determine the compatible working insecticide dose and the entomopathogenic fungi B. basiana and M. anisopliae. The experimental design applied completely randomized design consisting of 15 treatments and four replicates. There were five types of insecticides with three different doses each (0.5 × Dose of Field (DF), 1 × DF, and 2 × DF), whereas the fungal isolates included B. basiana and M. anisopliae. The parameters observed were the germination percentage of conidia, the percentage of inhibition, and the number of conidia.ml-1. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (5% error rate). The mean values were analyzed by DMRT p < 0.05. Deltamethrin 0.5 x DF, and imidacloprid 0.5 x DF demonstrated the highest conidial germination in B. basiana and M. anisopli, respectively. Insecticides showing the highest vegetative growth on B. basiana and M. anisopliae at 7 DAI was imidacloprid 0.5 x DF, while at 14 DAI was imidacloprid 0.5 x DF and chlorphyrifos 2 x DF, respectively. The highest conidial production of the fungi was triggered by imidacloprid 0.5 x DF. Based on compatibility calculation, imidacloprid 0,5 x DF worked with B. basiana (BI: 67.77) and M. anisopliae (BI: 67.16).
DEKOLORISASI LIMBAH BATIK MENGGUNAKAN LIMBAH MEDIUM TANAM Pleurotus ostreatus PADA WAKTU INKUBASI YANG BERBEDA Fitriya Yuni Wulandari; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas; Ratna Stia Dewi
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (254.479 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2014.1.1.29

Abstract

The batik waste industry is one source of water pollution. It must undergo treatment before discharge into the environment. Batik waste treatment technologies can be done biologically, chemically, physically, or combination of three processes. This research applied a combination of biology and physic technologies, namely used spent mushroom of Pleurotus ostreatus as the decolorization agent. Mycelium of P. ostreatus was used as biological agent, and cellulose from spent mushroom was used as physical agent. The aims of this research were to determine the effect of spent mushroom with variation incubation time on batik waste decolorization, and to know the optimum incubation time with highest decolorization batik waste percentage using spent mushroom of P. ostreatus. This research used experimental method with completely randomized design (CRD). The data obtained were statistically analyzed using Varian Test (ANOVA) on confidence level of 95% and 99% and continued with Honest Significant Difference Test (BNJ) with 95% confidence level. The result showed that variation incubation time treatment of batik waste decolorization used spent mushroom of P. ostreatus provide a highly signification effect on batik waste decolorization. The optimum incubation time was 60 hour (LW5), with decolorization percentage was 85,64%.
PENGGUNAAN BEBERAPA MEDIUM SEMISINTETIK UNTUK PRODUKSI MISELIUM JAMUR MAITAKE (Grifola frondosa (Dickson: Fr.) S. F. Gray) ISOLAT CIANJUR DAN EKSTRAK KASARNYA Maria Mardhitama Maharani; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas; Slamet Priyanto
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (279.828 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2014.1.1.20

Abstract

Research on the use of some semisynthetic medium for the production of fungal mycelium Maitake (Grifola frondosa (dickson: Fr.) SF Gray) isolates Cianjur and crude extract was performed with an incubation period of 30 days. This study aimed to determine the ability of green bean, cowpea and maize as an alternative material of semisynthetic medium for manufacturing G. frondosa’s mycelium and and to know the production of G. frondosa’s mycelium and the highest crude extract. This study was experimental study with a completely randomized design consisted of 4 treatments : Yeast Potato Dextrose Broth (PDYB) medium, Green bean Yeast Dextrose Broth (GbDYB) medium, Cowpea Yeast Dextrose Broth (CpDYB) medium and Corn Yeast Dextrose Broth (CDYB) medium. The highest average dry weight of mycelium (1,584 g/100ml) was GbDYB medium. The lowest average dry weight of the mycelium (g/100ml 0.244) was PDYB medium. The weight of the crude extract of mycelium in each treatment was lower than the dry weight. The highest weight of the crude extract was obtained from the GbDYB medium treatment (1,22 g) and the lowest was obtained from PDYB medium (0,113 g). Anova test results of different treatment was very significant, meaning that the use of extract of green bean, cowpea and maize greatly affected the growth of G.frondosa’s mycelium. The LSD test between treatment of PDYB medium and CDYB medium was not significant, meaning that the increase of mycelium’s growth  on PDYB medium had no different with the CDYB medium.
BIODEGRADATION OF DIESEL OIL BY YEAST ISOLATED FROM MANGROVE’S RHIZOSPHERE Ryan Firman Syah; Agus Irianto; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas
Scripta Biologica Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (819.018 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2018.5.2.814

Abstract

Diesel oil-degrading yeast strains isolated from mangrove rhizosphere at Tritih Kulon, Cilacap had been screened with SMSS medium. Four culturable yeast were isolated. Qualitative test was conducted by culturing and incubating the yeasts for one month in a medium added with 1mL diesel oil. By measuring the reduction of diesel oil, two best yeasts were selected. The quantitative test, GC-MS analysis, was conducted to determine the detailed degradation process of diesel oil. Candida lusitaniae and Cryptococcus laurentii performed the degradative ability. Three highest percent area of hydrocarbon compounds were compared for assessment. The results showed that C. lusitanie had better degradative capability than C. laurentii, in which hexadecane and methyl hexadecanoate decreased by 90–95%, and 9-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester declined by 30–40%. The increasing pH medium during incubation suggested that fermentation process occurred.
Co-Authors . HERNAYANTI AA Sudharmawan, AA Adi Supriyadi Agus Hery Susanto Agus Irianto Aisyah Tri Septiana Aisyah Tri Septiana Amalia Sofia Maharani Amelia, Aurora Pradipta Ana Yulia Andarwanti, Suci angelin marhavyna cristy Anik Laeli Perdanawati Apriyani, Tri Rahayu Ari Asnani Arif Rahman Hikam Aris Mumpuni Ashar, Fadli Atik Retnowati Azhar Faturohman Abidin Azizah, Enur Bahrun Bahrun Bambang Heru Budianto Budiarti, Vio Indah cristy, angelin marhavyna Dalia Sukmawati Daniel Joko Wahyono Dattadewi Purwantini Dhea Rifa Rahmah Edyawati Dian Islamiyati Dian Islamiyati Dini Ryandini Dini Ryandini Dody Novrial, Dody Doso Sarwanto Dyah Fitri Kusharyati Eko Setio Wibowo Ellen Evita Ema Wahyu Ningrum Endang Sri Purwanti Endang Sri Purwanti Endang Sri Purwati Endang Sri Purwati Endang Sukara Erna Kusuma Wati Esti Saraswati Evita, Ellen Fajar Husen Feryawan Feryawan Feryawan, Feryawan Fitria Dewi Sulistiyono Fitrianto, Nur Fitriya Yuni Wulandari Haris Budi Widodo Herliana, Okti Hernayanti Hernayanti Hernayanti Hernayanti Hernayanti Hernayanti Hernayanti Hernayanti Hernayanti Hernayanti HERNAYANTI HERNAYANTI Irfan Dwiandhono Isnaini Maulida Juni Safitri Muljowati Juni Safitri Muljowati Khasanah, Nur Aini Hidayah Kurniawan Kurniawan Loekas Soesanto Loekas Soesanto Maharani, Amalia Sofia Maria Mardhitama Maharani MU'AFA, RAFID HILMY Muntahanah, Siti Nahdatulia, Yasinta Nawangtantrini, Gita Noor Yunida Triana Noverita Nur Aini Hidayah Khasanah Nur Aini Hidayah Khasanah Nur Aini Hidayah Khasanah Nur Fitrianto Nuraeni Ekowati Nuraeni Ekowati Nuraeni Ekowati Nuraeni Ekowati Nuraeni Ekowati Nuraeni Ekowati Nuraeni Ekowati Nuraeni Ekowati Nuraeni Ekowati Nuraeni Ekowati, Nuraeni Nuraini Hidayah Khasanah Oedjiono P.M. Hendrati Palindung, Lusia Seti Perdanawati, Anik Laeli Purnomowati Purnomowati Purnomowati Purnomowati, Purnomowati Purwanto Bekti Santoso Ratna Stia Dewi Ratri Noor Hidayah Riama Kustianingrum Rifda Naufalin Rizki Maulida Ross Nurul Rohmah Ryan Firman Syah Salamiah Salamiah Saputra, Wahyu Dwi Siti Samiyarsih Siti Samiyarsih Siti Samiyarsih Slamet Priyanto Sri Hartini Sri Lestari Sri Lestari Sri Lestari Suci Andarwanti Supriyadi, Adi Taufiq, Hameda Dhaka Kusuma Tri Rahayu Apriyani Tyas Retno Wulan Ulfa Fadila Rudatiningtyas Ulfa Fadilla Rudatiningtyas Utami, Nurani Ajeng Tri Vika Vidiyanti Vio Indah Budiarti Wahyu Dwi Saputra Wirakhmi, Ikit Netra Witiyasti Imaningsih Yanita Mutiaraning Viastika Yuniati, Nilasari Indah Zahra, Jauza Ulya